scholarly journals Multi-Year Persistence of Verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) in a Closed Canadian Beef Herd: A Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Ya Ruth Wang ◽  
Cassandra C. Jokinen ◽  
Chad R. Laing ◽  
Roger P. Johnson ◽  
Kim Ziebell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Beef Herd

scholarly journals Bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolates among patients diagnosed with surgical site infection at a tertiary teaching hospital in Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemedo Misha ◽  
Legese Chelkeba ◽  
Tsegaye Melaku
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Abstract Background Globally, surgical site infections are the most reported healthcare-associated infection and common surgical complication. In developing countries such as Ethiopia, there is a paucity of published reports on the microbiologic profile and resistance patterns of an isolates. Objective This study aimed at assessing the bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolates among patients diagnosed with surgical site infection at Jimma Medical Center in Ethiopia. Methods A prospective cohort study was employed among adult patients who underwent either elective or emergency surgical procedures. All the eligible patients were followed for 30 days for the occurrence of surgical site infection (SSI). From those who developed SSI, infected wound specimens were collected and studied bacteriologically. Results Of 251 study participants, 126 (50.2%) of them were females. The mean ± SD age of the patients was 38 ± 16.30 years. The overall postoperative surgical site infection rate was 21.1% and of these 71.7% (38/53) were culture positive. On gram stain analysis, 78% of them were Gram-negative, 11.5% were Gram-positive and 10.5% were a mixture of two microbial growths. Escherichia coli accounted for (21.43%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.05%), Proteus species (spp.) 14.29%), Staphylococcus aureus (11.90%), Klebsiella species (11.90%), Citrobacter spp. (9.5%), streptococcal spp. (7.14%), Coagulase-negative S. aureus (CoNS) (2.38%) Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria were the most dominant isolates from surgical sites in the study area. Among the Gram-negative bacilli, Escherichia coli were the most common bacteria causing surgical site infection. As there is high antibiotic resistance observed in the current study, it is necessary for routine microbial analysis of samples and their antibiogram.

scholarly journals Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 Shedding Dynamics in an Australian Beef Herd

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Ahlstrom ◽  
Petra Muellner ◽  
Geraldine Lammers ◽  
Meghan Jones ◽  
Sophie Octavia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Beef Herd

Outcome of community-onset ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteraemia and urinary tract infection: a population-based cohort study in Denmark

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 3656-3664
Author(s):  
Rasmus Richelsen ◽  
Jesper Smit ◽  
Henrik Carl Schønheyder ◽  
Pavithra Laxsen Anru ◽  
Belen Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Esbl Production ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Community Onset

Abstract Objectives To assess the impact of ESBL production on mortality and length of hospital stay (LOS) of community-onset infections due to Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae. Methods A population-based cohort study including all adult patients hospitalized with a first-time community-onset E. coli or K. pneumoniae bacteraemia or urinary tract infection in the North Denmark Region between 2007 and 2017. For each bacterial agent, we computed 1 year Kaplan–Meier survival curves and cumulative incidence functions of LOS, and by use of Cox proportional hazard regression we computed HRs as estimates of 30 day and 1 year mortality rate ratios (MRRs) and LOS among patients with and without ESBL-producing infections. Results We included 24 518 cases (among 22350 unique patients), of whom 1018 (4.2%) were infected by an ESBL-producing bacterium. The 30 day cumulative mortality and adjusted MRR (aMRR) in patients with and without ESBL-producing isolates was as follows: E. coli bacteraemia (n = 3831), 15.8% versus 14.0%, aMRR = 1.01 (95% CI = 0.70–1.45); E. coli urinary tract infection (n = 17151), 9.5% versus 8.7%, aMRR = 0.97 (95% CI = 0.75–1.26); K. pneumoniae bacteraemia (n = 734), 0% versus 17.2%, aMRR = not applicable; and K. pneumoniae urinary tract infection (n = 2802), 13.8% versus 10.7%, aMRR = 1.13 (95% CI = 0.73–1.75). The 1 year aMRR remained roughly unchanged. ESBL-producing E. coli bacteraemia was associated with an increased LOS compared with non-ESBL production. Conclusions ESBL production was not associated with an increased short- or long-term mortality in community-onset infections due to E. coli or K. pneumoniae, yet ESBL-producing E. coli bacteraemia was associated with an increased LOS.

A foodborne outbreak of enterotoxigenicE. coliandSalmonellaAnatum infection after a high-school dinner in Denmark, November 2006

2008 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. PAKALNISKIENE ◽  
G. FALKENHORST ◽  
M. LISBY ◽  
S. B. MADSEN ◽  
K. E. P. OLSEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
High School ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Foodborne Outbreak ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Foodborne Outbreaks

SUMMARYIn industrialized countries enterotoxigenicEscherichia coli(ETEC) is mainly diagnosed as a cause of travellers' diarrhoea, but it is also known to cause foodborne outbreaks. We report an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis caused by ETEC serotypes O92:H−and O153:H2 as well asSalmonellaAnatum, which affected around 200 students and teachers after a high-school dinner in Greater Copenhagen, Denmark, November 2006. A retrospective cohort study showed that consumption of pasta salad with pesto was associated with an increased risk of illness (attack rate 59·4%; risk ratio 2·6, 95% confidence interval 1·2–5·7). Imported fresh basil used for preparation of the pesto was the most likely source of contamination. Although ETEC is associated with travellers' diarrhoea in Denmark, this outbreak suggests that a proportion of sporadic ETEC infections might be caused by contaminated imported foodstuffs. To improve food safety further, it is important to target this poorly regulated and researched area.

scholarly journals Test Characteristics of Perirectal and Rectal Swab Compared to Stool Sample for Detection of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli in the Gastrointestinal Tract

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 798-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebbing Lautenbach ◽  
Anthony D. Harris ◽  
Eli N. Perencevich ◽  
Irving Nachamkin ◽  
Pam Tolomeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Stool Sample ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Rectal Swab ◽  
Test Characteristics ◽  
Gut Colonization

ABSTRACT Among 63 patients enrolled in a prospective cohort study of gut colonization with fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli, the sensitivity of perirectal swab compared to stool sample was 90% (95% confidence interval [CI], 70 to 99%) and the specificity was 100% (95% CI, 91 to 100%). For rectal swab, the sensitivity was 90% (95% CI, 68 to 99%) and the specificity was 100% (95% CI, 91 to 100%).

scholarly journals Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli associated with a foodborne outbreak of gastroenteritis

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 1141-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaia Scavia ◽  
Monica Staffolani ◽  
Stefano Fisichella ◽  
Gianluca Striano ◽  
Stefano Colletta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Enteric Pathogens ◽  
Foodborne Outbreak ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Eaec Strain ◽  
Sheep Milk ◽  
Foodborne Outbreaks

This study investigated two foodborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis that occurred 10 days apart among individuals who had meals at the restaurant of a farm holiday resort. Mild gastrointestinal symptoms were reported and none of the patients needed hospitalization. Mean incubation times were 45 and 33 h, and the overall attack rates were 43.5 and 58.3 %, respectively. Stool sample examination was negative for common enteric pathogens in both outbreaks. Specimens from 13 people involved in the second outbreak and 3 restaurant staff were examined for diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli. An enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) strain of serotype O92 : H33 was isolated from six participants and one member of staff. In particular, the EAEC strain was isolated from five of the six cases of diarrhoea examined. The strain showed an aggregative pattern of adherence to HEp-2 cells, did not produce a biofilm and possessed the virulence-related genes aat, aggR, aap and set1A, but not the astA gene. A retrospective cohort study indicated a pecorino cheese made with unpasteurized sheep milk as the possible source (P<0.001). Samples of the cheese had E. coli counts higher than 106 c.f.u. g−1, but the outbreak EAEC strain was not isolated. This report confirms that EAEC infections are probably underdiagnosed because of the limited availability of laboratories capable of identifying this group of pathogenic E. coli.

scholarly journals Risk and Prognosis of Bacteremia and Fungemia among Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Population-Based Cohort Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 647-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Skov Dalgaard ◽  
Mette Nørgaard ◽  
Johan Vestergaard Povlsen ◽  
Bente Jespersen ◽  
Søren Jensen-Fangel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Comparison Cohort ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Population Controls

Background The incidence of bacteremia and fungemia (BAF) is largely unknown in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients initiating peritoneal dialysis (PD). Objective The main objective was to estimate and compare incidence rates of first episodes of BAF in incident PD patients and a comparison cohort. A secondary objective was to compare causative agents and 30-day post-BAF mortality between PD patients and the comparison cohort. Methods Design: Observational cohort study. Setting: Central and North Denmark regions. Participants: patients who initiated PD during 1995 – 2010. For each patient we sampled up to 10 controls from the general population matched on age, sex, and municipality. Main outcome Data on positive blood cultures were retrieved from electronic microbiology databases covering the 2 regions. We calculated incidence rates (IRs) of first-time BAF for PD patients and population controls. Incidence-rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated to compare these rates. Thirty-day mortality was estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results Among 1,024 PD patients and 10,215 population controls, we identified 75 and 282 episodes of BAF, respectively. Incidence rates of BAF were 4.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.8 – 5.9) per 100 person-years of follow-up (PYFU) in PD patients and 0.5 (95% CI, 0.4 – 0.5) per 100 PYFU in population controls (IRR = 10.4; 95% CI, 8.1 – 13.5). In PD patients, the most frequent microorganisms were Escherichia coli (18.7%) and Staphylococcus aureus (13.3%). Escherichia coli (27.3%) also ranked first among population controls. Thirty-day mortality following BAF was 20.8% (95% CI, 12.6 – 31.0) and 20.7% (95% CI, 16.3 – 25.9) among PD patients and population controls, respectively. Conclusions Peritoneal dialysis patients are at markedly higher risk of BAF than population controls. Causative agents and the 30-day post-BAF mortality were similar in the 2 cohorts.

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