scholarly journals Vitamin D and Lipid Profiles in Postmenopausal Women: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiting Liu ◽  
Zezhen Wu ◽  
Dan Zhu ◽  
Genben Chen ◽  
Guiming Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background and Aim: It is known that hyperlipidemia and low vitamin D level are risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the effect of vitamin D administration on lipid profiles in postmenopausal women remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on lipid profiles in postmenopausal women based on meta-analysis and systemic review.Methods: The literature search was performed in multiple databases (Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Embase) from 1997 to 2021. The statistical analysis was performed using the Stata software version 14 (Stata Corp. College Station, Texas, United States). The effects of vitamin D administration of the lipid profiles, including Triacylglycerol (TG), LDL-Cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-Cholesterol (HDL-C), and Total Cholesterol (TC) were evaluated by the Der Simonian and Laird random effects model. The weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.Results: The level of TG changed significantly by −3.76 mg/dl (CI: −6.12 to −1.39, p = 0.004) and HDL-C by 0.48 mg/dl (CI: −0.80 to −0.15, p = 0.004) in vitamin D administration group [11 eligible trials (placebo = 505 participants, vitamin D intervention = 604 participants)] compared to the control group in the postmenopausal women. Taking into account this comparison between groups, in contrast, the level of LDL-Cholesterol (LDL-C) (WMD: 0.73 mg/dl, 95% CI: −1.88, 3.36, p = 0.583) and TC (WMD: 0.689 mg/dl, CI: −3.059 to 4.438, p = 0.719) did not change significantly.Conclusion: In conclusion, the vitamin D administration in postmenopausal women, decreased the concentrations of TG, and HDL-C, but have no effects on LDL-C and TC.

Effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum lipid profiles: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
pp. 890-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel T Dibaba
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Lipid Profiles

Abstract Context Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent across the world. The existing evidence suggests vitamin D may have beneficial effects on serum lipid profiles and thus cardiovascular health. Objective The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum lipid profiles. Data Source Original randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum lipid profiles and published before July 2018 were identified by searching online databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, using a combination of relevant keywords. Data Extraction Data on study characteristics, effect size, measure of variation, type of vitamin D supplementation, and duration of follow-up were extracted by the author. Data Analysis PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were followed. Random effects (DerSimonian and Laird [D-V)] models were used to pool standardized mean differences in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides between the active and the placebo arms of RCT studies. Between-study heterogeneities were assessed using Cochrane Q and I2, and publication bias was assessed using Begg’s test, Egger’s test, and funnel plot. Results A total of 41 RCTs comprising 3434 participants (n = 1699 in the vitamin D supplementation arm and n = 1735 in the placebo arm) were identified and included in the meta-analysis. Approximately 63.4% of study participants were women, with 14 studies conducted entirely among women. Approximately 24% of the trials had follow-up duration >6 months, whereas the remaining 76% had follow-up duration of <6 months. The standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for comparing the change from baseline to follow-up between the vitamin D supplementation arm and the placebo (control) arm were as follows: total cholesterol = –0.17 (–0.28 to –0.06); LDL cholesterol = –0.12 (–0.23 to –0.01); triglycerides = –0.12 (–0.25 to 0.01); and HDL cholesterol = –0.19 (–0.44 to 0.06). After removing a trial that was an outlier based on the magnitude of the effect size, the SMD for triglycerides was –0.15 (–0.24 to –0.06) and that for HDL cholesterol was –0.10 (–0.28 to 0.09). The improvements in total cholesterol and triglycerides were more pronounced in participants with baseline vitamin D deficiency. Conclusions Vitamin D supplementation appeared to have a beneficial effect on reducing serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels but not HDL cholesterol levels. Vitamin D supplementation may be useful in hypercholesterolemia patients with vitamin D insufficiency who are at high risk of cardiovascular diseases.

The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glucose Metabolism and Lipid Profiles in Patients with Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (09) ◽  
pp. 647-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Akbari ◽  
Mahmood Mosazadeh ◽  
Kamran Lankarani ◽  
Reza Tabrizi ◽  
Mansooreh Samimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

AbstractThis systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to summarize the effect of vitamin D supplementation on glucose homeostasis parameters and lipid profiles in gestational diabetes (GDM) patients. We conducted an electronic systematic search of MEDLINE, and 4 other research databases from inception to August 2016, in addition to performing hand searches and consulting with experts in the field. The index of heterogeneity between studies was determined using Cochran (Q) and I-squared tests. Given the existing heterogeneity between studies, a fix or random effect model was performed to estimate the standardized mean difference (SMD) for each variable by using inverse variance method and Cohen statistics. Six randomized clinical trials (187 subjects and 184 controls) were included. The results showed that vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) [SMD −0.66; 95% confidence interval (CI), −1.14 to −0.18], homeostatic model assessment-B cell function (HOMA-B) (SMD −0.52; 95% CI, −0.79 to −0.25), LDL-cholesterol levels (SMD −0.33; 95% CI, −0.58 to −0.07), and significantly increased quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) (SMD 0.73; 95% CI, 0.26 to 1.20). We found no beneficial effect of vitamin D supplementation on fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin, HbA1c, total-, HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides concentrations. In conclusion, this meta-analysis demonstrated that vitamin D supplementation may lead to an improvement in HOMA-IR, QUICKI, and LDL-cholesterol levels, but did not affect FPG, insulin, HbA1c, triglycerides, total- and HDL-cholesterol levels; however, vitamin D supplementation increased HOMA-B.

The Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Serum Lipids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (30) ◽  
pp. 3266-3281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadis Fathizadeh ◽  
Alireza Milajerdi ◽  
Željko Reiner ◽  
Fariba Kolahdooz ◽  
Maryam Chamani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Carnitine Supplementation ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Vldl Cholesterol ◽  
Subgroup Analyses

Background: The findings of trials investigating the effects of L-carnitine administration on serum lipids are inconsistent. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to summarize the effects of L-carnitine intake on serum lipids in patients and healthy individuals. Methods: Two authors independently searched electronic databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar from 1990 until August 1, 2019, in order to find relevant RCTs. The quality of selected RCTs was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. Cochrane’s Q test and I-square (I2) statistic were used to determine the heterogeneity across included trials. Weight mean difference (SMD) and 95% CI between the two intervention groups were used to determine pooled effect sizes. Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the source of heterogeneity based on suspected variables such as, participant’s health conditions, age, dosage of L-carnitine, duration of study, sample size, and study location between primary RCTs. Results: Out of 3460 potential papers selected based on keywords search, 67 studies met the inclusion criteria and were eligible for the meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that L-carnitine administration led to a significant decrease in triglycerides (WMD: -10.35; 95% CI: -16.43, -4.27), total cholesterol (WMD: -9.47; 95% CI: - 13.23, -5.70) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations (WMD: -6.25; 95% CI: -9.30, -3.21), and a significant increase in HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (WMD: 1.39; 95% CI: 0.21, 2.57). L-carnitine supplementation did not influence VLDL-cholesterol concentrations. When we stratified studies for the predefined factors such as dosage, and age, no significant effects of the intervention on triglycerides, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels were found. Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrated that L-carnitine administration significantly reduced triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels, and significantly increased HDL-cholesterol levels in the pooled analyses, but did not affect VLDL-cholesterol levels; however, these findings were not confirmed in our subgroup analyses by participant’s health conditions, age, dosage of L-carnitine, duration of study, sample size, and study location.

Effects of combined calcium and vitamin D supplementation on osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 10817-10827
Author(s):  
Chunxiao Liu ◽  
Xiaotong Kuang ◽  
Kelei Li ◽  
Xiaofei Guo ◽  
Qingxue Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled

The aim of the present study was to explore whether combined calcium and vitamin D supplementation is beneficial for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

scholarly journals Pengaruh pemberian ekstrak tinta cumi (squid ink) terhadap aterosklerosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fajar M. Nasution ◽  
Rina S. Mardia ◽  
Ayu Azri ◽  
Rido R. Hutabarat ◽  
Fadhila Al. Izza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Foam Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Paired T Test

Abstract: Squid ink consists of DHI, DHICA, and 2-carboxyl indole that improve lipid profile and remove foam cells in blood vessel walls. This study was aimed to analyze the effect of squid ink on atherosclerosis-induced Wistar rats. This was an experimental study. We used randomized controlled trial with pre-post test design for lipid profile assessment and randomized post-test only control design for blood vessel evaluation (foam cells in layers of coronary artery). Samples were 27 Wistar rats, divided into three groups; all were atherosclerosis-induced with initial injection of 0.006mg iv adrenalin on day 1, followed by standard diet and egg yolk until day 30. Squid ink extract was given to group P1 and P2 on days 15-30 in different doses, but not to control group. Data were analyzed by using Saphiro-Wilk test and paired t-test. The results showed that P2 group had decreased means of total cholesterol (-33.62 mg/dl), triglyceride (-28.00 mg/dl), and LDL cholesterol (-28.16 mg/dl), but an increased mean of HDL cholesterol (11.60 mg/dl). There were decreased numbers of foam cells in the layers of coronary arteries of P1 and P2 group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Squid ink extract could lower total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL cholesterol levels, and increase HDL cholesterol level. Moreover, it could remove foam cells from the layers of coronary arteries.Keywords: squid ink, atherosclerosis, lipid profile, foam cells Asbtrak: Tinta cumi memiliki kandungan DHI, DHICA, dan 2-carboxyl indole yang dapat memperbaiki profil lipid dan mengurangi sel busa pembuluh darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak tinta cumi terhadap tikus yang diinduksi aterosklerosis. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental dengan randomized controlled with pre-post test design untuk penilaian profil lipid dan post test only design untuk penilaian pembuluh darah (sel busa dalam dinding arteri koronaria). Sampel terdiri dari 27 tikus Wistar jantan, dibagi secara random menjadi tiga kelompok; kesemuanya diberi induksi aterosklerosis dengan injeksi inisial adrenalin 0,006 mg iv pada hari ke-1, dilanjutkan diet standar dan diet kuning telur sampai hari ke-30. Tikus kelompok kontrol tidak diberikan ekstrak tinta cumi; tikus kelompok perlakuan 1 dan perlakuan 2 diberikan tambahan ekstrak tinta cumi pada hari ke 16 sampai hari ke 30 dengan dosis yang berbeda. Analisis data dengan uji Saphiro-Wilk dan uji paired t-test. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan penurunan rerata setelah perlakuan pada kelompok P2 ialah kolesterol total (-33,62 mg/dl), trigliserida (-28,00 mg/dl), dan kolesterol LDL (-28,16 mg/dl), serta peningkatan rerata kolesterol HDL (11,60 mg/dl). Terdapat penurunan jumlah sel busa kelompok perlakuan P1 dan P2 dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Simpulan: Pemberian ekstrak tinta cumi menurunkan kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida dan kolesterol LDL, meningkatkan kadar kolesterol HDL, serta menurunkan jumlah sel busa dalam dinding arteri koronaria.Kata kunci: tinta cumi, aterosklerosis, profil lipid, sel busa

scholarly journals Characteristics of Purple Sweet Potato Yogurt and Its Effect on Lipid Profiles of Sprague Dawley Rats Fed with High Fat Diet

2020 ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Lily Arsanti Lestari ◽  
Qisthira Swasti Amirina ◽  
Dina Septari Anindyah ◽  
Ainun Nisa ◽  
Annisa Nurul Huda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Purple Sweet Potato

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of purple sweet potato (PSP) yogurt on thelipid profile of Sprague Dawley rats. The PSP yogurt was made from fresh PSP (F-PSP) and its powder (P-PSP).The viscosity, pH, total titratable acid, proximate, antioxidant activity, anthocyanin content, and total lacticacid bacteria (LAB) between those yogurts were compared. Selected yogurt was given to Sprague Dawley ratsfor 4 weeks. Serum lipid profiles were determined after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment. F-PSP yogurt has betterphysical, chemical and microbiological properties compared to P-PSP yogurt. The serum cholesterol andtriglyceride levels in F-PSP yogurt group was not significantly different compared to control group (P>0.05).However, the reduction of serum LDL cholesterol in F-PSP yogurt group was significantly higher than controlgroup. The serum HDL cholesterol in the yogurt group decreased after 2 weeks of treatment, but it increasedafter 4 weeks of treatment. F-PSP yogurt could be used as an alternative functional food that could lower theblood cholesterol level because of the ability to reduce the LDL cholesterol level.

scholarly journals Acupuncture for Cancer-Induced Bone Pain in Animal Models: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Mei-ling Yu ◽  
Jia-jia Qian ◽  
Shu-ping Fu ◽  
Jia-ying Chen ◽  
Yu-wen Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Bone Pain ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Wait List ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background. Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) is a highly prevalent symptom, which afflicts vast majority of patients who suffer from cancer. The current treatment options failed to achieve satisfactory effect and the side effects were prominent. Recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of animal demonstrate the benefit of acupuncture for CIBP. We sought to determine if the pooled data from available RCTs supports the use of acupuncture for CIBP. Methods. A literature search for randomized controlled trials was conducted in six electronic databases from inception to May 31, 2019. Meta-analysis was performed with Review Manager 5.3 software; the publication bias was assessed by Stata 12.0 software. We used random effects model for pooling data because heterogeneity is absolute among studies to some extent. Results. Twenty-four trials were included in the review, of which 12 trials provided detailed data for meta-analyses. Preliminary evidence indicates that compared to wait list/sham group, acupuncture was effective on increasing paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and paw withdrawal latency (PWL). Compared to medicine, acupuncture was less effective on PWT, but as effective as medicine on PWL. Acupuncture can reinforce medicine’s effect on PWT and PWL. Compared to the control group, acupuncture was superior to increase body weight (BW), decrease spinal cord glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Furthermore, some studies showed acupuncture delay or partially reverse morphine tolerance. Three studies found acupuncture has no effect on PWT, but 2 of them found acupuncture could enhance small dose of Celebrex’s effect on CIBP. Conclusions. Acupuncture was superior to wait list/sham acupuncture on increasing PWT and has no less effect on increasing PWL compared to medicine; acupuncture improved the efficacy of drugs, increased the CIBP animals’ body weight, and decreased their spinal cord GFAP and IL-1β. High-quality studies are necessary to confirm the results.

The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glycemic Control, Lipid Profiles and C-Reactive Protein Among Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahidreza Ostadmohammadi ◽  
Alireza Milajerdi ◽  
Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan ◽  
Gordon Ferns ◽  
Mohsen Taghizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein

Background: Insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and chronic inflammation are important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Hence, vitamin D supplementation might be an appropriate approach to decrease the complications of CVD. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the effects of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control, lipid profiles, and C-reactive protein among patients with coronary artery disease. Methods: Two independent authors systematically searched online databases including EMBASE, Scopus, Pub- Med, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science until 20th September 2018. Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool was applied to assess the methodological quality of included trials. The heterogeneity among the included studies was assessed using Cochran’s Q test and I-square (I2) statistic. Data were pooled using a random-effects model and weighted mean difference (WMD) was considered as the overall effect size. Results: A total of eight trials (305 participants in the intervention group and 325 in placebo group) were included in the current meta-analysis. Pooling effect sizes from studies revealed a significant reduction in fasting glucose (WMD): -15.67; 95% CI: -29.32, -2.03), insulin concentrations (WMD: -3.53; 95% CI: -4.59, -2.46) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (WMD: -1.07; 95% CI: -1.49, -0.66), and significant increase in the quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (WMD: 0.02; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.03) following the administration of vitamin D. In addition, pooled analysis revealed a significant increase in serum HDL-cholesterol concentrations following vitamin D therapy (WMD: 3.08; 95% CI: 1.42, 4.73). Additionally, vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (WMD: -0.75; 95% CI: -1.28, -0.23). Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrated the beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation on improving glycemic control, HDL-cholesterol and CRP levels among patients with CVD, though it did not affect triglycerides, total- and LDL-cholesterol levels.

Abstract MP66: Cheese Consumption and Blood Lipids; a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janette de Goede ◽  
Johanna M Geleijnse ◽  
Eric L Ding ◽  
Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Lipids And Lipoproteins

Aims: Cheese may have a different effect on lipids and lipoproteins than expected from the saturated fat content. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to examine the effect of cheese consumption on blood lipids and lipoproteins in healthy populations. Methods: A systematic search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cababstracts, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Clinicaltrials.gov was performed to identify RCTs of cheese supplementation in human adults with total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides as a primary or secondary outcome (published until September 2013). A quantitative meta-analysis was performed if more than four RCTs with a comparable control treatment were available. Within person-differences of lipids with corresponding standard errors caused by the cheese compared to the control treatment were pooled (random effects model, STATA 11.0). Results: We identified 15 RCTs, published between 1978 and 2012. We pooled four RCTs comparing the effect of cheese intake to butter with a similar fat content on plasma levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides. The amount of cheese used in these trials was rather large, ranging between 120 and 205 g/d. This is approximately equivalent to 3 to 5 cheese servings per day. Intake of cheese (weighted mean difference: 142.6 g/d) reduced total cholesterol significantly by -0.27 mmol/l (95% CI: -0.36 to -0.18), LDL-C by -0.21 mmol/l (95% CI: -0.29 to -0.13), and HDL-C by -0.05 (95% CI: -0.08 to -0.02) compared to butter. The pooled effect on triglycerides was 0.004 (95% CI: -0.058 to 0.065). No heterogeneity was observed (all I 2 =0%). Cheese was also compared with tofu (n=4 RCTs), fat-modified cheese (n=3), CLA-rich cheese (n=3), milk (n=2), fish (n=1), egg white (n=1). Trials that compared cheese with tofu or fat-modified cheese suggest that differential effects of the products can mainly be attributed to the differences in fatty acid content of the diets. Comparisons with CLA-rich cheese were of limited value because those studied the effects of CLA (and not cheese). Too few trials with milk, egg white, and fish were available to draw conclusions. Conclusions: Based on a limited number of trials, cheese appears less hypercholesterolemic than butter with a similar fat content. Differences in plasma lipids based on cheese compared with tofu and fat-modified products are likely to be caused by the different fat content of the total diets.

Effects of different delivering matrices of β-glucan on lipids in mildly hypercholesterolaemic individuals: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Dengfeng Xu ◽  
Hechun Liu ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
Hui Xia ◽  
Da Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Abstract β-Glucan has been reported for its health benefits on blood lipids in hypercholesterolaemic individuals for years. However, people have paid little attention to the effects of β-glucan in populations with mild hypercholesterolaemia as well as the various delivering matrices. Our objective was to perform a meta-analysis to analyse the effects of β-glucan with different delivering matrices in mildly hypercholesterolaemic individuals. After conducting a comprehensive search in Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Library, a total of twenty-one randomised controlled trials involving 1120 participants were identified to measure the pooled effect. The overall results indicated that consuming a dose of ≥3 g/d of β-glucan for at least 3 weeks could significantly reduce total cholesterol (TC) (−0·27 mmol/l, 95 % CI −0·33, −0·21, P < 0·001) and LDL-cholesterol (−0·26 mmol/l, 95% CI −0·32, −0·20, P < 0·001) compared with the control group in mildly hypercholesterolaemic individuals, while no significant difference was observed in TAG (−0·03 mmol/l, 95% CI −0·11, 0·06, P = 0·521) and HDL-cholesterol (0·01 mmol/l, 95% CI −0·03, 0·04, P = 0·777). There was evidence for modest unexplained heterogeneity in the meta-analysis. In conclusion, β-glucan can significantly reduce risk factors like TC and LDL-cholesterol for CVD in mildly hypercholesterolaemic individuals; furthermore, it appears that the effects of food matrices with both ‘solid products’ and ‘liquid products’ where β-glucan was incorporated into were ranked as the best way to exert its beneficial properties, while ‘liquid’ and ‘solid’ products were ranked as the second and third positions, respectively.

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