scholarly journals Cognitive Impairment After COVID-19—A Review on Objective Test Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania Daroische ◽  
Mathilde S. Hemminghyth ◽  
Thomas H. Eilertsen ◽  
Monica H. Breitve ◽  
Luiza J. Chwiszczuk
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
And Control ◽  
Larger Sample

Objective: The aim was to conduct a review on the literature on objective cognitive impairment in patients after COVID-19.Methods: We performed a literature review and searched Ovid Medline in February 2021 based on a PECO scheme.Results: Twelve articles met all inclusion criteria. Total patient sample was <1,000. All studies on global cognitive function found impairment, ranging from 15 to 80% of the sampled patients. Seven studies on attention and executive functions reported impairment, with varying results depending on sub-domain and different tests. Three out of four studies reported memory difficulties, with two studies reporting short-term memory deficits. Although results indicate possible language impairment, only one study used domain-specific language tasks. Two out of four studies on visuospatial function did not report any impairment.Conclusion: Patients with recent SARS-CoV-2 infection appear to experience global cognitive impairment, impairment in memory, attention and executive function, and in particular verbal fluency. Based on the current results, we recommend clinicians to evaluate the need for cognitive assessment of patients with a recent COVID-19 infection, regardless of the severity of the disease, treatment methods and length of ICU stay. We need studies with larger sample and control group.

scholarly journals Study of cognitive impairment and genetic polymorphism of SLC41A1 (rs11240569 allele) in Parkinson’s disease in Upper Egypt: case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdy N. El-Tallawy ◽  
Tahia H. Saleem ◽  
Wafaa M. Farghaly ◽  
Heba Mohamed Saad Eldien ◽  
Ashraf Khodaery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
And Control ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Parkinson’s disease is one of the neurodegenerative disorders that is caused by genetic and environmental factors or interaction between them. Solute carrier family 41 member 1 within the PARK16 locus has been reported to be associated with Parkinson’s disease. Cognitive impairment is one of the non-motor symptoms that is considered a challenge in Parkinson’s disease patients. This study aimed to investigate the association of rs11240569 polymorphism; a synonymous coding variant in SLC41A1 in Parkinson’s disease patients in addition to the assessment of cognitive impairment in those patients. Results In a case -control study, rs11240569 single nucleotide polymorphisms in SLC41A1, genes were genotyped in 48 Parkinson’s disease patients and 48 controls. Motor and non-motor performance in Parkinson's disease patients were assessed by using the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). The genotype and allele frequencies were compared between the two groups and revealed no significant differences between case and control groups for rs11240569 in SLC41A1 gene with P value .523 and .54, respectively. Cognition was evaluated and showed the mean ± standard deviation (SD) of WAIS score of PD patients 80.4 ± 9.13 and the range was from 61 to 105, in addition to MMSE that showed mean ± SD 21.96 ± 3.8. Conclusion Genetic testing of the present study showed that rs11240569 polymorphism of SLC41A1 gene has no significant differences in distributions of alleles and genotypes between cases and control group, in addition to cognitive impairment that is present in a large proportion of PD patients and in addition to the strong correlation between cognitive impairment and motor and non-motor symptoms progression.

scholarly journals Performance in Nonword Repetition Tasks among Mandarin- English Bilingual Children in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chai Ping Woon ◽  
Ngee Thai Yap ◽  
Hui Woan Lim
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Nonword Repetition ◽  
Developmental Trend ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Development Delay ◽  
Qualitative Measure ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Better Than

The nonword repetition (NWR) task has been used to measure children’s expressive language skills, and it has been argued to have potential as an early language delay/ impairment detection tool as the NWR task can be conducted rather easily and quickly to obtain a quantitative as well as a qualitative measure of children’s attention to lexical and phonological information. This paper reports the performance of two NWR tasks among thirty bilingual Mandarin-English preschoolers between the age of four through six. The study indicated that performance in the NWR tasks showed a developmental trend with older children performing better than younger children. Word length also had a significant effect on performance, possibly an effect from better short-term memory capacity as the child grew older. The children also performed better in the Mandarin NWR task compared to the English NWR task. These findings suggest potential clinical applications for diagnosis of children with language impairment or at risk of language development delay. However, further studies should improve on the tasks to verify its efficacy and to obtain norms for performance with a larger sample of children at various age groups.

scholarly journals Are post-error adjustments influenced by beliefs in free will? A failure to replicate Rigoni, Wilquin, Brass and Burle, 2013

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 200664
Author(s):  
Charlotte Eben ◽  
Zhang Chen ◽  
Emiel Cracco ◽  
Marcel Brass ◽  
Joël Billieux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Correct Trial ◽  
Manipulation Check ◽  
Subject Design ◽  
And Control ◽  
Larger Sample

In this pre-registered study, we tried to replicate the study by Rigoni et al. 2013 Cognition 127 , 264–269. In the original study, the authors manipulated the participants’ belief in free will in a between-subject design and subsequently measured post-error slowing (i.e. slower responses after an incorrect trial compared with a correct trial) as a marker of cognitive control. They found less post-error slowing in the group with reduced belief in free will (anti-free will group) compared with a control group in which belief in free will was not manipulated. In the present study, we used the same task procedure and the same free will manipulation (Crick text) in an attempt to replicate these findings. However, we used an online procedure and a larger sample size in order to address concerns about statistical power. Similar to the original study, we also used a questionnaire to measure beliefs in free will as an independent manipulation check. We found a difference in the scores on the questionnaire, thus a reduced belief in free will, after reading the Crick text. However, we did not find any difference in post-error slowing between the anti-free will and control groups. Our findings are in line with several other recent findings suggesting that the Crick text manipulation affects the participants’ self-reported belief in free will but not their behaviour. The present study can be considered a high-powered failed replication attempt.

The Role of Memory in Processing Relative Clauses in Children With Specific Language Impairment

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Frizelle ◽  
Paul Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Relative Clauses ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Matrix Clause ◽  
Specific Language ◽  
Almost All

Purpose This study investigated the relationship between 2 components of memory—phonological short-term memory (pSTM) and working memory (WM)—and the control of relative clause constructions in children with specific language impairment (SLI). Method Children with SLI and 2 control groups—an age-matched and a younger group of children with typical development—repeated sentences, including relative clauses, representing 5 syntactic roles and 2 levels of matrix clause complexity. The Working Memory Test Battery for Children was administered. Results All 3 groups showed significant associations between pSTM and both types of matrix clause construction. For children with SLI, significant associations emerged between (a) WM and more complex matrix clause constructions, (b) WM and relative clauses including a range of syntactic roles, and (c) pSTM and the least difficult syntactic role. In contrast, the age-matched control group could repeat almost all syntactic roles without invoking the use of either memory component. Conclusions The role of pSTM and WM in the production of relative clauses by children with SLI is influenced by the degree of difficulty of the structure to be recalled. In therapy, the effect of WM limitations can be minimized by approaching each structure within the context of a simple matrix clause.

scholarly journals Domain-specific cognitive impairment in patients with COPD and control subjects

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Cleutjens ◽  
Frits Franssen ◽  
Martijn Spruit ◽  
Lowie Vanfleteren ◽  
Candy Gijsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals A-065 Weakness in Holistic Processing in Preschool Children is a Risk for SLI

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 855-855
Author(s):  
Kiselev S
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Holistic Processing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complex Figure ◽  
Figure Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Objectives Children with specific language impairment (SLI) have difficulties with producing and understanding language. It is important to search for the risk factors for this deficit in children. The goal of this research was to examine the hypothesis that children at the age of 5 with weakness in holistic processing have a risk for emerging deficit in grammar understanding at the age of 7. Methods 98 children at the age of 5 were assessed with the Rey-Osterieth Complex Figure Test to reveal children with weakness in holistic processing. It was proposed that part-oriented strategy in copying Complex Figure is related to weakness in holistic processing (Luria, 1973). We have revealed 19 children with weakness in holistic processing. These children were included in the experimental group. The control group included 19 children with typical level of holistic processing. Children from experimental and control group were matched for IQ and gender. Children at the age of 7 from both groups were assessed by Grammar Understanding Test from Luria’s neuropsychological assessment technique. Results One-way ANOVA has revealed significant differences [p ≤ 0,05] between groups for scores in Grammar Understanding Test. Children from the experimental group showed a lower level of grammar understanding. Conclusion This research has shown that weakness in holistic processing can predict the delay in development of grammar understanding in children. The received results shed light into underlying nature of SLI. It can be assumed that weakness in holistic processing is one of the risk factors for emerging deficit in grammar understanding in children.

International Ballroom Dancing Against Neurodegeneration: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Greek Community-Dwelling Elders With Mild Cognitive impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 489-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioulietta Lazarou ◽  
Themis Parastatidis ◽  
Anthoula Tsolaki ◽  
Mara Gkioka ◽  
Anastasios Karakostas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ballroom Dancing ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
And Control

Background: Many studies have highlighted the positive effects of dance in people with neurodegenerative diseases. Objectives: To explore the effects of International Ballroom Dancing on cognitive function in elders with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Methods: One-hundred twenty-nine elderly patients with aMCI diagnosis (mean age 66.8 ± 10.1 years) were randomly assigned into 2 groups: intervention group (IG, n = 66) and control group (CG, n = 63). The IG exercised systematically for 10 months, and both groups were submitted to extensive neuropsychological assessment prior and after the 10-month period. Results: According to the independent sample t test at the follow-up, significant differences between groups were found in benefit of the IG while the CG showed worse performance in the majority of neuropsychological tests. According to the Student t test, better performance is detected in IG in contrast with CG, which had worse performance almost in all scales. Conclusion: Dance may be an important nonpharmacological approach that can benefit cognitive functions.

Deficit in executive abilities as a risk factor for emerging weakness in grammar understanding in Russian-speaking children

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S131-S131 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kiselev
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control ◽  
Executive Abilities

IntroductionWeakness in grammar understanding is key future of specific language impairment (SLI) in children. There has been a considerable amount of work on the language abilities of children with SLI, but we still know relatively little about their other cognitive abilities –in particular their non-linguistic cognitive strengths and weaknesses.AimsThe aim of this research was to examine the hypothesis that Russian-speaking children at the age of 4 with deficit in executive abilities have a risk for emerging weakness in grammar understanding at the age of 6.MethodsOne hundred and twenty-five children at the age of 4 were assessed with the NEPSY to reveal children with different level of executive abilities. We have revealed 21 children with deficit in executive abilities. The control group included 21 children with typical level of executive abilities. The children from experimental and control group were matched for IQ and gender. In the framework of longitudinal research, children at the age of 6 from both groups were assessed by Grammar Understanding Test from Luria's neuropsychological assessment technique.ResultsTwo-way ANOVAs with repeated measures revealed significant differences between groups for scores in the Grammar Understanding Test. Children from experimental group had weakness in grammar understanding.ConclusionsWe have revealed that children at the age of 4 with weakness in executive abilities have a risk for emerging weakness in grammar understanding at the age of 6. In view of the obtained results, it can be assumed that executive abilities have influence on the development of grammar understanding in preschool children.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Alzheimer’s Stimulation (Mbas) in the Progression of Cognitive Impairment: A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
Domingo Jesús Quintana Hernández ◽  
María del Pino Quintana Montesdeoca
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Mindfulness Practice ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
And Control

We conducted a randomized, controlled study in order to investigate the feasibility, security as well as the effects of the practice of mindfulness upon the evolution of AD. The efficacy of a Mindfulness-based Cognitive Stimulation program for Alzheimer’s patients was tested in this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, using repeated measures of CAMDEX (CAMCOG y MMSE) every six months during two years. A total of 168 patients, presenting a Probable Alzheimer Disease according to NINCDS-ADRDA criteria and treated with donepezil, were randomly assigned to the four following non-pharmacological treatments: standard cognitive stimulation, progressive muscular relaxation, mindfulness-based Alzheimer stimulation and control group, which received no intervention. Each experimental group worked in 90-minute sessions, three times per week during two years (a total of 96 weeks). Results indicated that the Mindfulness-based Alzheimer Stimulation group did not show as much a significant decline of cognitive function as the other groups did. Therefore, it seems that mindfulness practice, as implemented in this program, can have a preventive role against the progression of cognitive impairment in AD. These results support the use of mindfulness as a non-pharmacological treatment.

scholarly journals Initial determination of the association between SNP rs3937033 on the D-LOOP mtDNA and breast cancer in Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
Hanh Thi Hong Duong ◽  
Thanh Thi Ngoc Nguyen ◽  
Hue Thi Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
D Loop ◽  
And Control ◽  
Larger Sample

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women and accounts for the highest mortality rates in the developing countries, including Vietnam. D-loop, is a non-coding region in mitochondrialcircular DNA molecules, related to control the replication and transcription of mitochondrial genes. D-loop mutations cause the dysfunction of the respiratory chain, which contributes to the process of BC. SNP rs3937033 (T/C) on D-loop was reported to have the association with BC in Europe America population (OR [95%CI]= 1.98 [1.25–3.12], P=0.036), and Caucasian (OR[95%CI]= 21 [2.15–204.6], P=0.003). In this study, the High Resolution Melting (HRM) method is optimized for genotyping 100/100 cases/controls samples, then to determine the association between the disease and this SNP. TT, TC and CC genotype frequencies in patient group (36 %, 3 % and 61 %) and control group (23 %, 1 % and 76 %) were calculated based on the results of genotyping by optimal HRM method with the annealing temperature is 66 0C. Association analysis result showed that T allele increases the risk of breast cancer patients up to 1.41 times (OR [95% CI] = 1.41 [1.3-1.92], Pallele = 0.03). Therefore, SNP rs3937033 could be a potential biomarker for early BC diagnosis in Vietnamese. However, this research needs to be conducted with a larger sample size to reach the greater confidence.

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