scholarly journals Rethinking Therapeutic Strategies for Anorexia Nervosa: Insights From Psychedelic Medicine and Animal Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire J. Foldi ◽  
Paul Liknaitzky ◽  
Martin Williams ◽  
Brian J. Oldfield
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies

scholarly journals Bone Marrow Adipocytes—Role in Physiology and Various Nutritional Conditions in Human and Animal Models

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1412
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Piotrowska ◽  
Maciej Tarnowski
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 ◽  
Medullary Canal ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Heterogeneous Tissue

In recent years, adipose tissue has attracted a lot of attention. It is not only an energy reservoir but also plays important immune, paracrine and endocrine roles. BMAT (bone marrow adipose tissue) is a heterogeneous tissue, found mostly in the medullary canal of the long bones (tibia, femur and humerus), in the vertebrae and iliac crest. Adipogenesis in bone marrow cavities is a consequence of ageing or may accompany pathologies like diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM), T2DM, anorexia nervosa, oestrogen and growth hormone deficiencies or impaired haematopoiesis and osteoporosis. This paper focuses on studies concerning BMAT and its physiology in dietary interventions, like obesity in humans and high fat diet in rodent studies; and opposite: anorexia nervosa and calorie restriction in animal models.

scholarly journals Small animal models of heart failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 115 (13) ◽  
pp. 1838-1849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Riehle ◽  
Johann Bauersachs
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Genetic Modifications ◽  
Small Animal Models ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Heart disease is a major cause of death worldwide with increasing prevalence, which urges the development of new therapeutic strategies. Over the last few decades, numerous small animal models have been generated to mimic various pathomechanisms contributing to heart failure (HF). Despite some limitations, these animal models have greatly advanced our understanding of the pathogenesis of the different aetiologies of HF and paved the way to understanding the underlying mechanisms and development of successful treatments. These models utilize surgical techniques, genetic modifications, and pharmacological approaches. The present review discusses the strengths and limitations of commonly used small animal HF models, which continue to provide crucial insight and facilitate the development of new treatment strategies for patients with HF.

Post-traumatic stress disorder: From animal models to therapeutic strategies

2009 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. S21-S22
Author(s):  
Sumantra Chattarji ◽  
Aparna Suvrathan ◽  
Supriya Ghosh ◽  
Rajnish Rao ◽  
Shobha Anilkumar
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

Animal models of addiction: models for therapeutic strategies?

2000 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wolffgramm ◽  
G. Galli ◽  
A. Heyne ◽  
F. Thimm
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies

scholarly journals Epilepsy Benchmarks Area III: Improved Treatment Options for Controlling Seizures and Epilepsy-Related Conditions Without Side Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 23S-30S ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen F. Traynelis ◽  
Dennis Dlugos ◽  
David Henshall ◽  
Heather C. Mefford ◽  
Michael A. Rogawski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
High Rate ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Human Epilepsy ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
New Treatments

The goals of Epilepsy Benchmark Area III involve identifying areas that are ripe for progress in terms of controlling seizures and patient symptoms in light of the most recent advances in both basic and clinical research. These goals were developed with an emphasis on potential new therapeutic strategies that will reduce seizure burden and improve quality of life for patients with epilepsy. In particular, we continue to support the proposition that a better understanding of how seizures are initiated, propagated, and terminated in different forms of epilepsy is central to enabling new approaches to treatment, including pharmacological as well as surgical and device-oriented approaches. The stubbornly high rate of treatment-resistant epilepsy—one-third of patients—emphasizes the urgent need for new therapeutic strategies, including pharmacological, procedural, device linked, and genetic. The development of new approaches can be advanced by better animal models of seizure initiation that represent salient features of human epilepsy, as well as humanized models such as induced pluripotent stem cells and organoids. The rapid advances in genetic understanding of a subset of epilepsies provide a path to new and direct patient-relevant cellular and animal models, which could catalyze conceptualization of new treatments that may be broadly applicable across multiple forms of epilepsies beyond those arising from variation in a single gene. Remarkable advances in machine learning algorithms and miniaturization of devices and increases in computational power together provide an enhanced opportunity to detect and mitigate seizures in real time via devices that interrupt electrical activity directly or administer effective pharmaceuticals. Each of these potential areas for advance will be discussed in turn.

scholarly journals The Communication Between Intestinal Microbiota and Ulcerative Colitis: An Exploration of Pathogenesis, Animal Models, and Potential Therapeutic Strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Hu ◽  
Zhen Ye ◽  
Mingquan Wu ◽  
Yingqi She ◽  
Linzhen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Preclinical Research

Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease. The prolonged course of UC and the lack of effective treatment management make it difficult to cure, affecting the health and life safety of patients. Although UC has received more attention, the etiology and pathogenesis of UC are still unclear. Therefore, it is urgent to establish an updated and comprehensive understanding of UC and explore effective treatment strategies. Notably, sufficient evidence shows that the intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of UC, and the treating method aimed at improving the balance of the intestinal microbiota exhibits a therapeutic potential for UC. This article reviews the relationship between the genetic, immunological and microbial risk factors with UC. At the same time, the UC animal models related to intestinal microbiota dysbiosis induced by chemical drugs were evaluated. Finally, the potential value of the therapeutic strategies for restoring intestinal microbial homeostasis and treating UC were also investigated. Comprehensively, this study may help to carry out preclinical research, treatment theory and methods, and health management strategy of UC, and provide some theoretical basis for TCM in the treatment of UC.

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