scholarly journals Altered Taste Function in Young Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eulalia Catamo ◽  
Antonietta Robino ◽  
Davide Tinti ◽  
Klemen Dovc ◽  
Roberto Franceschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Taste Perception ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Baseline Visit ◽  
Lower Capacity ◽  
Paper Method

Past studies on altered taste function in individuals with type 1 diabetes have yielded inconsistent results. We therefore evaluated taste recognition and possible association with personal and diseases characteristics in young individuals with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls. Taste recognition and intensity for 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP), quinine, citric acid, sucrose, and sodium chloride were assessed using a filter paper method in 276 participants with type 1 diabetes and 147 healthy controls. Personal and clinical data were recorded for all participants during a baseline visit. Regression analysis was adjusted for sex, age, and standardized BMI. Overall, 47% of participants with type 1 diabetes vs. 63.5% of healthy controls recognized all tastes (p = 0.006). Moreover, a lower capacity for recognizing the bitter taste of PROP and the sour taste of citric acid was found in participants with type 1 diabetes compared to healthy controls (p = 0.014 and p = 0.003, respectively). While no significant effect of glycemic control on taste recognition was found, an association with lower age at onset emerged. Our findings suggest an impaired taste perception in individuals with type 1 diabetes, possibly linked to age at onset.

Gut Microbiota in T1DM-Onset Pediatric Patients: Machine-Learning Algorithms to Classify Microorganisms as Disease Linked

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (9) ◽  
pp. e3114-e3126
Author(s):  
Roberto Biassoni ◽  
Eddi Di Marco ◽  
Margherita Squillario ◽  
Annalisa Barla ◽  
Gianluca Piccolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Abstract Aims The purpose of this work is to find the gut microbial fingerprinting of pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes. Methods The microbiome of 31 children with type 1 diabetes at onset and of 25 healthy children was determined using multiple polymorphic regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA. We performed machine-learning analyses and metagenome functional analysis to identify significant taxa and their metabolic pathways content. Results Compared with healthy controls, patients showed a significantly higher relative abundance of the following most important taxa: Bacteroides stercoris, Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides intestinalis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Gammaproteobacteria and its descendants, Holdemania, and Synergistetes and its descendants. On the contrary, the relative abundance of Bacteroides vulgatus, Deltaproteobacteria and its descendants, Parasutterella and the Lactobacillus, Turicibacter genera were significantly lower in patients with respect to healthy controls. The predicted metabolic pathway more associated with type 1 diabetes patients concerns “carbon metabolism,” sugar and iron metabolisms in particular. Among the clinical variables considered, standardized body mass index, anti-insulin autoantibodies, glycemia, hemoglobin A1c, Tanner stage, and age at onset emerged as most significant positively or negatively correlated with specific clusters of taxa. Conclusions The relative abundance and supervised analyses confirmed the importance of B stercoris in type 1 diabetes patients at onset and showed a relevant role of Synergistetes and its descendants in patients with respect to healthy controls. In general the robustness and coherence of the showed results underline the relevance of studying the microbioma using multiple polymorphic regions, different types of analysis, and different approaches within each analysis.

Decreased Flow-Mediated Dilatation in Children With Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Angiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 000331972110100
Author(s):  
Lei Cao ◽  
Miao Hou ◽  
Wanping Zhou ◽  
Ling Sun ◽  
Jie Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilatation

Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is a strong risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) is an early noninvasive marker of endothelial function and it predicts future cardiovascular disease. However, the changes in FMD among T1DM children are still controversial. The present meta-analysis aimed to investigate whether FMD is impaired in children with T1DM. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and Web of Science were searched for studies comparing FMD in children with T1DM and healthy controls. The Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale for case–control studies was used to assess study quality. Data were pooled using a random effects models to obtain the weighted mean differences (WMD) in FMD and 95% CIs. Overall, 19 studies with 1245 patients and 872 healthy controls were included in this meta-analysis. Children with T1DM had significantly lower FMDs compared with healthy controls (WMD: −2.58; 95% CI: −3.36 to −1.81; P < .001). Meta-regression analysis revealed that low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels impacted the observed difference in FMD between T1DM and healthy children. This meta-analysis showed that T1DM children have impaired endothelial function, which indicates they are at higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease in later life.

Negative association between type 1 diabetes and HLA DQB1*0602-DQA1*0102 is attenuated with age at onset

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
Jinko Graham ◽  
Ingrid Kockum ◽  
Carani B. Sanjeevi ◽  
Mona Landin-Olsson ◽  
Lennarth Nyström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Negative Association

Vestibular Function in Children with Type 1 Diabetes: Videonystagmography Testing

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Sherifa A. Hamed ◽  
Ali F. ElHadad ◽  
Amira M. Oseily
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Vestibular Function ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Hba1c Levels

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Vestibular system is critical for maintaining balance and learning complex tasks. This study aimed to determine the frequencies, types, and predictors of vestibular dysfunctions (VDs) in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using videonystagmography (VNG). <b><i>Patients and Methods:</i></b> This study included 65 patients (children with T1D = 40; controls = 25). The patients underwent VNG. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Patients (boys = 15; girls = 25) had a mean age of 14.05 ± 1.82 years and duration of illness of 6.30 ± 2.84 years. The majority had frequent attacks of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) (65%) and hypoglycemia (40%). Dizziness was reported in 20%. VNG abnormalities were reported in 70% (<i>n</i> = 28), of them 71.43 and 28.57% had central and peripheral VDs, respectively. Dizziness was associated with peripheral VD. Compared to patients without VDs, those with VDs were older and had earlier age at onset and longer duration of diabetes (&#x3e;5 years), higher levels of HbA1c (&#x3e;7%), higher frequencies of DKA and hypoglycemic attacks, comorbid medical conditions, and diabetic complications. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that presence of VNG abnormalities (VDs) was independently correlated with diabetes duration &#x3e;5 years (odds ratio [OR] = 4.52 [95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.55–7.04], <i>p</i> = 0.001), HbA1c% levels &#x3e;7% (OR = 3.42 [95% CI = 2.84–5.75], <i>p</i> = 0.001), and presence of hypoglycemic attacks (OR = 4.65 [95% CI = 2.85–7.55]). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> -VDs are prevalent in children with T1D and correlated with the duration and severity of diabetes and the occurrence of hypoglycemic attacks. Therefore, optimizing glycemic control and prevention and treatment of diabetic complications and comorbidities are important. Multidisciplinary follow-ups are required for early detection and management of diabetic VDs.

scholarly journals Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Donor Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Exhibit Comparable Potency to Healthy Controls In Vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1485-1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay C. Davies ◽  
Jessica J. Alm ◽  
Nina Heldring ◽  
Guido Moll ◽  
Caroline Gavin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Healthy Controls

scholarly journals Sex-specific association of PTPN22 1858T with type 1 diabetes but not with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or Addison’s disease in the German population

2005 ◽  
Vol 153 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinrich Kahles ◽  
Elizabeth Ramos-Lopez ◽  
Britta Lange ◽  
Oliver Zwermann ◽  
Martin Reincke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hashimoto’S Thyroiditis ◽  
Addison’S Disease ◽  
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis ◽  
Addison's Disease ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Endocrine autoimmune disorders share genetic susceptibility loci, causing a disordered T-cell activation and homeostasis (HLA class II genes, CTLA-4). Recent studies showed a genetic variation within the PTPN22 gene to be an additional risk factor. Materials and Methods: Patients with type 1 diabetes (n = 220), Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (n = 94), Addison’s disease (n = 121) and healthy controls (n = 239) were genotyped for the gene polymorphism PTPN22 1858 C/T. Results: Our study confirms a significant association between allelic variation of the PTPN22 1858 C/T polymorphism and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). 1858T was observed more frequently in T1D patients (19.3% vs 11.3%, P = 0.0009; odds ratio for allele T = 1.88, 95% confidence interval [1.3–2.7]). Furthermore, we found a strong association in female patients with T1D (P = 0.0003), whereas there was no significant difference between male patients with type 1 diabetes and male controls. No significant difference was observed between the distribution of PTPN22 C/T in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or Addison’s disease and healthy controls. Conclusion: The PTPN22 polymorphism 1858 C/T may be involved in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus by a sex-specific mechanism that contributes to susceptibility in females.

Partial remission in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: an analysis based on the insulin dose-adjusted hemoglobin A1c

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Ayça Cimbek ◽  
Aydın Bozkır ◽  
Deniz Usta ◽  
Nazım Ercüment Beyhun ◽  
Ayşenur Ökten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Partial Remission ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Insulin Dose ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Insulin Requirement ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Daily Insulin

Abstract Objectives Most patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) experience a transient phase of partial remission (PR). This study aimed to identify the demographic and clinical factors associated with PR. Methods This was a longitudinal retrospective cohort study of 133 children and adolescents with T1D. PR was defined by the gold standard insulin dose-adjusted hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (IDAA1c) of ≤9. Results Remission was observed in 77 (57.9%) patients. At diagnosis, remitters had significantly higher pH (7.3 ± 0.12 vs. 7.23 ± 0.15, p=0.003), higher C-peptide levels (0.45 ± 0.31 ng/mL vs. 0.3 ± 0.22, p=0.003), and they were significantly older (9.3 ± 3.6 years vs. 7.3 ± 4.2, p=0.008) compared with non-remitters. PR developed more frequently in patients without diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) (p=0.026) and with disease onset after age 5 (p=0.001). Patients using multiple daily insulin regimen were more likely to experience PR than those treated with a twice daily regimen (63.9 vs. 32%, p=0.004). Only age at onset was an independent predictor of PR (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1-1.25; p=0.044). Remitters had lower HbA1c levels and daily insulin requirement from diagnosis until one year after diagnosis (p<0.001). PR recurred in 7 (9%) patients. The daily insulin requirement at three months was lower in remitters with PR recurrence compared to those without (0.23 ± 0.14 vs. 0.4 ± 0.17 U/kg/day, p=0.014). Conclusions Addressing factors associated with the occurrence of PR could provide a better comprehension of metabolic control in T1D. The lack of DKA and higher C-peptide levels may influence PR, but the main factor associated with PR presence was older age at onset. PR may recur in a small proportion of patients.

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