scholarly journals Research Advances in the Role of the Poly ADP Ribose Polymerase Family in Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanhuan Sha ◽  
Yujie Gan ◽  
Renrui Zou ◽  
Jianzhong Wu ◽  
Jifeng Feng
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Genomic Stability ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
The Future

Poly ADP ribose polymerases (PARPs) catalyze the modification of acceptor proteins, DNA, or RNA with ADP-ribose, which plays an important role in maintaining genomic stability and regulating signaling pathways. The rapid development of PARP1/2 inhibitors for the treatment of ovarian and breast cancers has advanced research on other PARP family members for the treatment of cancer. This paper reviews the role of PARP family members (except PARP1/2 and tankyrases) in cancer and the underlying regulatory mechanisms, which will establish a molecular basis for the clinical application of PARPs in the future.

scholarly journals Role of the NUDT Enzymes in Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2267
Author(s):  
Roni H. G. Wright ◽  
Miguel Beato
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Metastatic Colonization ◽  
Hormone Receptor Positive ◽  
Aggressive Cancer ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Metastatic Process

Despite global research efforts, breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. The majority of these deaths are due to metastasis occurring years after the initial treatment of the primary tumor and occurs at a higher frequency in hormone receptor-positive (Estrogen and Progesterone; HR+) breast cancers. We have previously described the role of NUDT5 (Nudix-linked to moiety X-5) in HR+ breast cancer progression, specifically with regards to the growth of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). BCSCs are known to be the initiators of epithelial-to-mesenchyme transition (EMT), metastatic colonization, and growth. Therefore, a greater understanding of the proteins and signaling pathways involved in the metastatic process may open the door for therapeutic opportunities. In this review, we discuss the role of NUDT5 and other members of the NUDT family of enzymes in breast and other cancer types. We highlight the use of global omics data based on our recent phosphoproteomic analysis of progestin signaling pathways in breast cancer cells and how this experimental approach provides insight into novel crosstalk mechanisms for stratification and drug discovery projects aiming to treat patients with aggressive cancer.

scholarly journals Intricate Regulatory Mechanisms of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome and Its Role in Chromatin Regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Bodrug ◽  
Kaeli A. Welsh ◽  
Megan Hinkle ◽  
Michael J. Emanuele ◽  
Nicholas G. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Conformational Dynamics ◽  
Intimate Relationship ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Cell Cycle Regulators ◽  
Chromatin Regulation ◽  
Anaphase Promoting Complex

The ubiquitin (Ub)-proteasome system is vital to nearly every biological process in eukaryotes. Specifically, the conjugation of Ub to target proteins by Ub ligases, such as the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C), is paramount for cell cycle transitions as it leads to the irreversible destruction of cell cycle regulators by the proteasome. Through this activity, the RING Ub ligase APC/C governs mitosis, G1, and numerous aspects of neurobiology. Pioneering cryo-EM, biochemical reconstitution, and cell-based studies have illuminated many aspects of the conformational dynamics of this large, multi-subunit complex and the sophisticated regulation of APC/C function. More recent studies have revealed new mechanisms that selectively dictate APC/C activity and explore additional pathways that are controlled by APC/C-mediated ubiquitination, including an intimate relationship with chromatin regulation. These tasks go beyond the traditional cell cycle role historically ascribed to the APC/C. Here, we review these novel findings, examine the mechanistic implications of APC/C regulation, and discuss the role of the APC/C in previously unappreciated signaling pathways.

scholarly journals Role of Interleukin-1 Family Members and Signaling Pathways in KSHV Pathogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Barrett ◽  
Jungang Chen ◽  
Lu Dai ◽  
Karlie Plaisance-Bonstaff ◽  
Luis Del Valle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Family Members

scholarly journals Multidrug resistance-associated ABC transporters – too much of one thing, good for nothing

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jirina Prochazkova ◽  
Martina Lanova ◽  
Jiri Pachernik
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Atp Binding ◽  
Detailed Mechanism ◽  
P Glycoprotein ◽  
The Future ◽  
Good For

AbstractOverexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in cancer cells results in multidrug resistance (MDR) which leads to unsuccessful chemotherapy. The most important MDR-associated members of ABC superfamily are ABC B1/P-glycoprotein/MDR1, ABC C1/multidrug resistance associated protein 1 (MRP1), and ABC G2/BCRP. This study is not only focused on function, substrates, and localization of these popular proteins but also on other ABC C family members such as ABC C2–6/MRP2-6 and ABC C7/CFTR. Current research is mainly oriented on the cancer-promoting role of these proteins, but important lessons could also be learned from the physiological roles of these proteins or from polymorphisms affecting their function. Thorough knowledge of structure and detailed mechanism of efflux can aid in the discovery of new chemotherapy targets in the future. Although the best way on how to deal with MDR would be to prevent its development, we describe some new promising strategies on how to conquer both inherited and induced MDRs.

scholarly journals Building the intellectual contingent of Binh Duong province in the effects of industrialization and modernization

2021 ◽  
pp. 355-364
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Current Status ◽  
New Development ◽  
The Future

The process of industrialization, modernization and the rapid development of industrial revolution 4.0 are creating new development opportunities for the Southeast in general and Binh Duong in particular, but also setting many challenges. In order to take advantage of opportunities and overcome challenges, the role of the contingent of intellectuals in Binh Duong province is huge. Through the assessment of the current status of the development of the intellectual contingent of Binh Duong province, the article proposes basic views and major solutions to continue developing this team in the future to meet the requirements of industrialization and modernization of the country.

scholarly journals The Role of Cell Therapy in Treating Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Conventional Therapy ◽  
Medical Technology ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Continuous Development ◽  
The Future

Abstract: With the continuous development and advancement in the field of medical technology, cell therapy for treating cancer has received extensive attention. Compared with conventional therapy, cell therapy provides a new direction of scientific research, which is worthy for clinical application and promotion. This article focuses on the role of cell therapy in cancer treatment and possibly a good reference for the future.

scholarly journals Non-formal education resources for the “professions of the future”

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-95
Author(s):  
Marina N. Kicherova ◽  
Evgeniy V. Zyuban ◽  
Galina Z. Efimova ◽  
Ekaterina O. Muslimova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Modern World ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Key Skills ◽  
The Future

This article reveals the opportunities and limitations of non-formal education for mastering professions of the future. The authors note that the transition to high-technology economy is accompanied by the rapid development of new areas of work. The dynamics of the modern world requires a quick response, the need for constant updating of knowledge and skills is growing, the importance of formal diplomas in the labor market is decreasing (inflation of credentialism), and the role of non-formal education is increasing. The purpose of the research presented in this article is to identify promising areas of professional activity in a high-tech economy and the potential of non-formal education for mastering the professions of the future. The authors conducted a qualitative content analysis of job search sites, illustrating the indicators of demand for the professions of the future in different countries, the key skills required for these professions, the resources of formal and non-formal education for mastering these professions. An empirical study was carried out using the survey method (N = 1388, the age of the respondents was from 18 to 80 years old, data analysis was made by using SPSS), conducted in Russia, revealing involvement in non-formal education. The novelty of the study derives from the role of non-formal education, which prevails in mastering the professions of the future: the absolute majority (85%) use non-formal education for retraining, gaining knowledge in related fields. According to the results of the study, it was found that the range of professions of the future reflects uneven post-industrial transition in different countries, in Russia the role of non-formal education as an element of life-long learning is rising. The authors conclude that the labor market, where the professions of the future are represented, will not be characterized by credentialism; individual learning paths based on non-formal education will dominate in mastering these professions.

scholarly journals The Sustainability of Tobacco Agribusiness in Temanggung District, Indonesia: The Perspective of Young-Adult Family Members of Farmers in Three Tobacco Center Villages

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Agus G. Runtiko ◽  
F. Trisakti Haryadi ◽  
Roso Witjaksono
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Knowledge Process ◽  
Transmission Of Knowledge ◽  
The Future ◽  
Younger Generation

Tobacco agribusiness has contributed immensely to the economic, social, and cultural lives of the community of Temanggung district. The tobacco industry faces various challenges, such as government regulations regarding its health concerns, poor climatic conditions, decreasing agricultural land, price fluctuation of crops, and ageing farmers. However, the sustainability of tobacco agribusiness in Temanggung district still maintained by continuing their tradition, but threatened in the future by lack of farmers’ regeneration. This research is aimed at exploring and analysing the transmission of traditional knowledge in the framework of tobacco agribusiness sustainability from the perspective of young-adult family members of tobacco farmers. The focus is on: (1) aspects of social-culture and environment in the transmission of knowledge process; (2) the method of transmission of knowledge from older generation farmers; (3) the opinions of younger generation farmers in the transmission of knowledge process for the future; and (4) the role of younger generation in the transmission of knowledge. This study employed a qualitative case studies approach. Data for this research was acquired through literature review, direct observation, interview, and focus group discussions. A field study was conducted at three villages located in Temanggung district. Results indicated disparities in the level of optimism among young-adult family members of tobacco farmers towards the future of tobacco agribusiness. The high optimism among the young generation is one of the supporting factors of transmission and sustainability of traditional knowledge. This study also found important role of communications as additional points for Transactional Model proposed by Sameroff.

Abstract 389: Role of her3 signaling pathways in er+ and her2+ breast cancers

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalin Mishra ◽  
Samar Alanazi ◽  
Hima Patel ◽  
Long Yuan ◽  
Joan T. Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Breast Cancers

scholarly journals The nuclear receptor 4A family members: mediators in human disease and autophagy

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqun Chen ◽  
Fengtian Fan ◽  
Lingjuan Wu ◽  
Yiyi Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Drug Development ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Nuclear Receptor ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Disease Therapy ◽  
Development Processes

Abstract The Nuclear receptor 4A (NR4A) subfamily, which belongs to the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily, has three members: NR4A1 (Nur77), NR4A2 (Nurr1) and NR4A3 (Nor1). They are gene regulators with broad involvement in various signaling pathways and human disease responses, including autophagy. Here, we provide a concise overview of the current understanding of the role of the NR4A subfamily members in human diseases and review the research into their regulation of cell autophagy. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms has potential to improve drug development processes and disease therapy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document