scholarly journals A Thermodynamic Framework for Stretching Processes in Fiber Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Arango-Restrepo ◽  
J. M. Rubi ◽  
Srutarshi Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Mechanical Treatment ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Thermal Fluctuations ◽  
Dissipated Energy ◽  
Fiber Breakage ◽  
Thermodynamic Framework ◽  
Fiber Materials ◽  
Stretching Process

Fiber breakage process involves heat exchange with the medium and energy dissipation in the form of heat, sound, and light, among others. A purely mechanical treatment is therefore in general not enough to provide a complete description of the process. We have proposed a thermodynamic framework which allows us to identify new alarming signals before the breaking of the whole set of fibers. The occurrence of a maximum of the reversible heat, a minimum of the derivative of the dissipated energy, or a minimum in the stretching velocity as a function of the stretch can prevent us from an imminent breakage of the fibers which depends on the nature of the fiber material and on the load applied. The proposed conceptual framework can be used to analyze how dissipation and thermal fluctuations affect the stretching process of fibers in systems as diverse as single-molecules, textile and muscular fibers, and composite materials.

scholarly journals Flattening simulations of 3D thick sheets made of fiber composite materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kotaro Morioka ◽  
Yutaka Ohtake ◽  
Hiromasa Suzuki ◽  
Yukie Nagai ◽  
Hiroyuki Hishida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Vector Fields ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Constant Thickness ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Fiber Materials ◽  
Fiber Composite Materials

Abstract Recently, fiber composite materials have been attracting attention from industry because of their remarkable material characteristics, including light weight and high stiffness. However, the costs of products composed of fiber materials remain high because of the lack of effective manufacturing and designing technologies. To improve the relevant design technology, this paper proposes a novel simulation method for deforming fiber materials. Specifically, given a 3D model with constant thickness and known fiber orientation, the proposed method simulates the deformation of a model made of thick fiber-material. The method separates a 3D sheet model into two surfaces and then flattens these surfaces into two dimensional planes by a parameterization method with involves cross vector fields. The cross vector fields are generated by propagating the given fiber orientations specified at several important points on the 3D model. Integration of the cross vector fields gives parameterization with low-stretch and low-distortion.

Technologies for processing materials based on glass-fiber materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Kseniya Golubeva ◽  
Aleksey Noskov
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Fiber Materials ◽  
Abrasive Cutting

The review of basic methods for glass-fiber material machining is shown, characteristic features are presented also advantages and drawbacks of different processing methods are mentioned. There is shown a description of glass-fiber material edge machining. The alternative methods such as hydro-abrasive cutting and laser working are considered.

The air permeability of composite fiber material

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
T. A. Leshchenko ◽  
◽  
N. V. Chernousova ◽  
A. V. Dedov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Permeability Coefficient ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Composite Fiber ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Fibrous Matrix ◽  
Composite Fiber Material

The air permeability of composite materials obtained by impregnating a non-woven needle-punched cloth with latex was investigated. The permeability of composite materials with different rubber content was estimated by the coefficient of air permeability at a pressure drop of 49 and 100 Pa. The dependence of the air permeability coefficient on the degree of impregnation of the fabric showed that at 15 – 20 % of the rubber content, the maximum air permeability coefficient is observed, and when the degree of impregnation increases, the air permeability coefficient decreases. The process of forming a porous structure of composite materials and its influence on air transport is considered. The increase of the coefficient of permeability is explained by the fixation of the fibers of the surface layer with limited mobility under the action of air flow, and a reduction in the coefficient of air permeability by reducing pore space and an increase in fiber matrix composite materials in the process of sushi-Ki-impregnated material. The air permeability of composite materials is determined by the ratio between the processes of increasing the volume of the fibrous matrix and reducing porosity when filling the space between the portages with rubber particles. A model is proposed for calculating the coefficient of breathability of composite materials of known density.

Development of green nanocomposites reinforced by cellulose nanofibers extracted from paper sludge

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (06n07) ◽  
pp. 1540025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Takagi ◽  
Antonio N. Nakagaito ◽  
Kazuya Kusaka ◽  
Yuya Muneta
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Mechanical Treatment ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Cellulose Nanofiber ◽  
Paper Sludge ◽  
Reinforcing Effect ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties

Cellulose nanofibers have been showing much greater potential to enhance the mechanical and physical properties of polymer-based composite materials. The purpose of this study is to extract the cellulose nanofibers from waste bio-resources; such as waste newspaper and paper sludge. The cellulosic raw materials were treated chemically and physically in order to extract individualized cellulose nanofiber. The combination of acid hydrolysis and following mechanical treatment resulted in the extraction of cellulose nanofibers having diameter of about 40 nm. In order to examine the reinforcing effect of the extracted cellulose nanofibers, fully biodegradable green nanocomposites were fabricated by composing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) resin with the extracted cellulose nanofibers, and then the tensile tests were conducted. The results showed that the enhancement in mechanical properties was successfully obtained in the cellulose nanofiber/PVA green nanocomposites.

scholarly journals PROBLEM OF THE ANISOTROPY OF ELASTICITY AND STRENGTH IN ANISOTROPIC FIBER MATERIALS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Vladimir Glukhikh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Elastic Constants ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Anisotropic Body ◽  
High Strength ◽  
The Other ◽  
Orthotropic Materials ◽  
Order Partial Differential Equation ◽  
Fiber Materials

Introduction: The paper presents new results of studies on the anisotropy of fiber materials with cylindrical anisotropy, which include filament-wound composite materials reinforced with various fibers. Methods: We suggest a mathematical solution to a fourth-order partial differential equation in polar coordinates with two variables for an orthotropic anisotropic body. To solve this equation, we converted it into Cartesian coordinates and presented the stress function as a sum of polynomials. Results and Discussion: As a result of the solution, we obtained two relationships between the elastic constants in the principal directions of anisotropy (so-called elasticity parameters). One of them was obtained for the first time, and the other results from the solution of the anisotropy problem for an orthotropic curved body, suggested by S. G. Lekhnitsky. The obtained solution does not contradict Lekhnitsky’s solution. Thus, in our opinion, orthotropic materials can be divided into two groups. In one group, when shifting from the radial to the tangential direction, the elastic constants take on extreme values when the layers are at angles of 0, 60, and 90°. In the other group, there is no intermediate extreme value and the elastic constants take on extreme values when the layers are at angles of 0 and 90°. The obtained results can be applied in the development of new high-strength composite materials and new technologies for the design and manufacture of building structures, as well as in the design of high-strength structures from synthetic composite materials.

scholarly journals The Use of Mathematical Modelling Methods in the Creation of Composite Materials Based on Carbon Fibre Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (2) ◽  
pp. 022093
Author(s):  
Valery Varentsov ◽  
Valentina Kuzina ◽  
Alexander Koshev ◽  
Valentina Varentsova
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Electrochemical Modification ◽  
Electrochemical Parameters ◽  
Solutions Of Electrolytes ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Fiber Materials ◽  
Electrodeposition Of Metals

Abstract The report provides data on the electrochemical modification of carbon-graphite fibers as the basis for the creation of composite materials. The results of studies of the electrodeposition of metals on pre-electrochemically modified carbon fiber materials (CFM) in order to obtain composite materials based on them are presented. The use of CFM for the creation of composite materials is associated with the possibility of deposition of metals, alloys or their compounds on the surface of their constituent fibers. Electrochemical treatment in aqueous solutions of electrolytes is a promising method for modifying the surface properties of carbon materials, including in order to improve their adhesive properties. Preliminary electrochemical modification of carbon fiber materials in indifferent solutions of electrolytes made it possible to obtain composite and nanocomposite materials with good adhesion of the electrodeposited metal to the surface of the fibers of carbon materials.When metals are deposited on carbon fiber materials, it is necessary to solve the problem of applying a uniform metal deposit or with a certain profile in the thickness of the material. In this case, it is effective to use methods of mathematical modeling of metal deposition processes in a flowing three-dimensional electrode. Depending on the selected modes of deposition of metal sediment on the CFM, some electrochemical parameters of the process and system may be dependent on both the time of the process and the thickness coordinate of the electrode. This is especially true for the value of the resistivity of the solid phase of the system, that is, carbon-graphite fibrous material. Other electrochemical parameters, such as the specific electrode surface, the exchange current and the transfer coefficient of the electrochemical reaction, the porosity of the material, etc., can also change during the electrodeposition of the metal on the CFM. It is proposed to take into account the change in the characteristic properties of modified carbon fiber materials in the mathematical modeling of the processes of electrodeposition of metals on carbon fiber materials in order to determine the technological parameters to improve the efficiency of the properties of composite materials. In order to implement mathematical models used in the calculation of electrochemical processes in the volume and on the surface of carbon fiber materials, a set of programs based on modern computational methods and programming languages has been developed.

Antibacterial Capability of Triclosan Treated on Filter Fiber Materials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
yanju li ◽  
Qinging MIAO ◽  
Xinyu WANG ◽  
Jinlu HE
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Material ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Chemical Fiber ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Percent Reduction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Filter Materials ◽  
Filtration Material ◽  
Fiber Materials

Abstract Antibacterial filtration material is an effectively control technique of airborne biological pollutant to purify indoor air. This study aims to assess the antibacterial capability of triclosan treated on three filter fiber materials: the glass fiber (GF), the non-woven fabric (NF) and the chemical fiber (CF). Triclosan was loaded on filtration materials by the impregnation method. E. coli, S. albus and S. aureus were used as test strains. It’s found that the filter materials loaded with triclosan showed obvious antibacterial zone: the antibacterial zones against E. coli were 11.5 mm(GF), 13.2 mm(NF) and 11.0 mm(CF) respectively; zones against S. albus were 28.0 mm(GF), 21.0 mm(NF) and 25.0 mm(CF); zones against S. aureus were 21.5 mm(GF), 14.0 mm(NF) and 11.5 mm(CF). The percent reduction of bacteria of antibacterial fiber treated with triclosan against E. coli were 78.57% (CF) and 80.00% (GF), the percent reduction of bacteria of triclosan treated fiber against S. albus were 68.59% (NF) and 82.52% (CF), respectively. This research provided an effective antibacterial filter fiber material loaded with triclosan and it aids to reduce the transmission and harm of infectious diseases and to decontaminate the indoor environment.

Dissipated Energy of Composite Materials—Part I: Cyclic Dynamic Stress

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 467 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR Petersen ◽  
RE Link ◽  
AK Bledzki ◽  
J Gassan
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Dynamic Stress ◽  
Dissipated Energy ◽  
Cyclic Dynamic

Failure Mechanism and Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Members with Fiber-Steel Laminate Composites

2007 ◽  
Vol 345-346 ◽  
pp. 677-680
Author(s):  
Jeong Bae Yoon ◽  
Ji Hye Choi ◽  
Young Gyun Hong ◽  
Sang Ho Ahn ◽  
Jung Hyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Laminate Composites ◽  
Flexural Members ◽  
Concrete Members ◽  
Flexural Member ◽  
Fiber Materials

The new composite method combined by fiber laminates and steel plate composites was applied for reinforced concrete members. The experimental investigation for the applicability of this method was presented for flexural member. Two different fiber materials such as carbon and fiberglass with steel plate were used. All specimen using fiber material and steel plate were divided by two different groups such as control group without strengthening, innovated fiber-steel laminate composites group. Failure modes and load-deflection curves were presented for flexural members by fiber-steel laminate composites. Numerical analysis for tested beam was investigated.

Fiber Materials AC Impedance Spectroscopy and its Application

2014 ◽  
Vol 915-916 ◽  
pp. 549-554
Author(s):  
Xiao Feng Li ◽  
Xiang Gao Pan
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Signal Frequency ◽  
Electrode Polarization ◽  
Electric Conductance ◽  
Ac Electric Field ◽  
Impedance Technique ◽  
Charging Current ◽  
Fiber Materials

This article presents a recent study on the behavior of impedance versus frequency of fiber materials. When applying a constant amplitude, it was experimentally observed that the impedance of fiber materials first dropped steeply and then retained in a stable state being followed by a rapid increase with increasing inspiriting signal frequency. The overall impedance versus frequency curve revealed a bathtub-like shape. This behavior is therefore defined as bathtub phenomenon of fiber alternating current (AC) electric conductance. Analysis of the bathtub phenomenon, by using the circuit theory and medium polarization theory, revealed that there exist four different kinds of current in a fiber material when it is exposed to an AC electric field, viz., absorbing current, conductance current, charging current and superficial current. The study showed that this phenomenon is well consistent with and can be evaluated by the medium polarize theory. Understanding of the bathtub effect of fiber AC electric conductance provides a theoretical basis for development of a breaking-through solution to resolve many challenges of conventional impedance technique, such as greatness test error and electrode polarization, etc. The results of this research can be applied to the technology development of novel equipment design for the quick fiber moisture test.

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