scholarly journals Fear of Evaluation and Online Self-Disclosure on WeChat: Moderating Effects of Protective Face Orientation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runxi Zeng ◽  
Di Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Loss Of Face ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Chinese Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fear Of Positive Evaluation ◽  
Positive Evaluation

Fear of evaluation is a key factor that affects how social media users present themselves to others, but little is known about the effects and mechanisms involved, especially on the relationship between fear of positive evaluation and online self-disclosure. This study explores how fear of evaluation affects online self-disclosure and examines how this relationship is moderated by protective face orientation in the Chinese context. A total of 750 Chinese WeChat users constituted the sample for a questionnaire-based analysis and regression analysis. The results showed that both fear of positive evaluation and fear of negative evaluation had a significant negative effect on the amount of online self-disclosure and a significant positive effect on the depth of online self-disclosure. Protective face orientation had a moderating effect on the relationship between fear of evaluation and online self-disclosure for both the amount and depth of online self-disclosure. Our findings suggest that social network site (SNS) users' fear of evaluation can be attributed to their cognitive attitude toward the external environment, and the loss of face in the Chinese context can be included in the social context.

Hours of Paid Work and Volunteering: Evidence From Danish Panel Data

2021 ◽  
pp. 089976402199166
Author(s):  
Hans-Peter Y. Qvist
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Time Constraint ◽  
Integration Theory ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Constraint Theory ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Relationship

The nature of the relationship between the time people spend on paid work and volunteering remains debated in the social sciences. Time constraint theory suggests a negative relationship because people can allocate only as much time to volunteering as their work responsibilities permit. However, social integration theory suggests a more complex inverse U-shaped relationship because paid work not only limits people’s free time but also plays a key role in their social integration. Departing from these competing theories, this study uses two-wave panel data from Denmark to examine the relationship between hours of paid work and volunteering. In support of time constraint theory, the results suggest that hours of paid work have a significant negative effect on the total number of hours that people spend volunteering, not mainly because paid work hours affect people’s propensity to volunteer but because they affect the number of hours that volunteers contribute.

An Empirical Research on the Relationship between Real Estate Prices and Inflation

2011 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 1992-1996
Author(s):  
Tie Qun Li
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Social Demand ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Labor Service ◽  
Real Estate Prices ◽  
The Relationship

The former researches referring to inflation and real estate prices concentrated mainly on the stock prices rather than the real estate prices. Owing to the enlarging ratio of real estate industry in national economy with each passing day, as well as the overheating real estate prices in recent years, the relationship between real estate prices and inflation is particularly vital to the monetary policy making for the monetary authorities. According to the test analysis of data from 2001 to 2009, it is found that real estate prices is Granger Cause of inflation while inflation is not the Granger Cause of real estate prices in this paper. Through the Effects of Wealth, Credit and Tobin, real estate prices drive the growth of social consumption and investments and expand the total social demand which possess an positive effect on inflation; nevertheless the rising of real estate prices causes the rising of currency for real estate purchasing, which, under the circumstance of that currency supply remains, will inevitably bring about the reduction of currency for other consumption and investments and restrain the total social demand which would mean a suppression of continuous rising of prices of other commodity and labor service. All these show that real estate also has a negative effect on inflation. The cancellations between the two effects make the long-term influence real estate bearing on inflation is not obvious. The experimental results indicate that when the price of real estate rises 1%, inflation only rises 0.058%. Consequently, a strict controlling of the amount of money issued is the key factor for keeping the over rapid rising of real estate prices from leading to inflation.

Can we be friends with Mitsuku? A longitudinal study on the process of relationship formation between humans and a social chatbot

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-300
Author(s):  
Emmelyn A. J. Croes ◽  
Marjolijn L. Antheunis
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Communication Research ◽  
Relationship Formation ◽  
Social Attraction ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Abcde Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Machine Communication ◽  
The Relationship

This explorative study investigated (a) whether social attraction, self-disclosure, interaction quality, intimacy, empathy and communicative competence play a role in getting-acquainted interactions between humans and a chatbot, and (b) whether humans can build a relationship with a chatbot. Although human-machine communication research suggests that humans can develop feelings for computers, this does not automatically imply that humans experience feelings of friendship with a chatbot. In this longitudinal study, 118 participants had seven interactions with chatbot Mitsuku over a 3-week period. After each interaction participants filled out a questionnaire. The results showed that the social processes decreased after each interaction and feelings of friendship were low. In line with the ABCDE model of relationship development, the social processes that aid relationship continuation decrease, leading to deterioration of the relationship. Furthermore, a novelty effect was at play after the first interaction, after which the chatbot became predictable and the interactions less enjoyable.

scholarly journals Internal R&D and Acquisition Performance of Chinese Pharmaceutical Firms: Moderation Effect of Acquisition Motive and Corporate Ownership

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Yue ◽  
Xing Hua ◽  
Jianyuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Path Dependence ◽  
Corporate Ownership ◽  
Acquisition Performance ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Pharmaceutical Firms ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Although corporate capability has been recognized as a key factor affecting corporate acquisition performance, the role of R&D capability in acquisition performance has not been fully explained. The aim of this paper was to research the impact of internal R&D on acquisition performance according to a sample of 215 acquisitions of Chinese listed pharmaceutical companies from 2012 to 2016. First, it was found that R&D has a significant negative effect on acquisition performance. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the acquisition motive and the ownership of the acquiring firm have a moderating effect on the relationship between R&D and acquisition performance. Compared to non-technical acquisitions, the negative effect of internal R&D on acquisition performance was reduced for technical acquisitions. Compared with non-state-owned-enterprise acquisition, the negative effect of internal R&D on the acquisition performance of state-owned enterprises was weakened. Our study enriches the research of the path dependence theory on the acquisition performance of enterprises and also the interpretation of acquisition performance on the basis of internal and external innovation and the institutional theory.

A macro context theory of academic self-concept: Ability stratification and the big-fish-little-pond effect

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Parker ◽  
Theresa Dicke ◽  
Jiesi Guo ◽  
Herb Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Science Study ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ability Levels ◽  
Negative Findings ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Relationship

Governments rarely aim at altering the way children view themselves. Yet, governments, culture, and social norms shape the social settings children find themselves in (i.e., the amount of ability stratification in the education system). Reviewing sociological, economic, and psychological literature we construct a theory that states that any macro influence which leads children to be schooled with peers of similar ability levels (ability stratification) will bias children’s academic self-concepts via larger Big-Fish-Little-Pond effects (the negative effect of school average achievement on academic self-concept). Applying meta-analysis to estimates derived from four cycles of the Trends in International Math and Science Study we test the hypothesis that the relationship between achievement stratification and the effect of school average achievement on academic self-concept will be large and negative. Findings strongly support our hypothesis (r < -.50).

Bureaucracy and Entrepreneurship: Workplace Effects on Entrepreneurial Entry

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesper B. Sørensen
Keyword(s):  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Nascent Entrepreneurs ◽  
Entrepreneurial Entry ◽  
Individual Traits ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Sociological Approaches ◽  
Context Shapes ◽  
The Relationship

Using a study of the relationship between bureaucratic work environments and individual rates of entrepreneurship, I revisit a fundamental premise of sociological approaches to entrepreneurship, namely, that the social context shapes the likelihood of entrepreneurial activity, above and beyond any effects of individual characteristics. Establishing such contextual effects empirically is complicated by the possibility that unobserved individual traits influence both the contexts in which people are observed and their likelihood of becoming entrepreneurs. This paper presents the first systematic study of the effects of bureaucracy on entrepreneurship that accounts for such unobserved sorting processes. Analyses of data on labor market attachments and transitions to entrepreneurship in Denmark between 1990 and 1997 show that people who work for large and old firms are less likely to become entrepreneurs, net of a host of observable individual characteristics. Moreover, there is strong evidence to suggest that this negative effect of bureaucracy does not spuriously reflect self-selection by nascent entrepreneurs into different types of firms. An important implication of this finding is that the structure of organizational populations affects the supply of nascent entrepreneurs, as well as the availability of entrepreneurial opportunities.

Partners' Support During Good Times: Associations With Fears of Positive and Negative Evaluation

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 559-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara Zahavi ◽  
Eran Bar-Kalifa ◽  
Haran Sened ◽  
Eshkol Rafaeli
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Fear Of Negative Evaluation ◽  
Romantic Couples ◽  
Positive Events ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Fear Of Positive Evaluation

Capitalization interactions within romantic couples, in which they share positive events with each other, are significantly tied to their satisfaction and overall wellbeing. Recent work suggests that social anxiety is negatively associated with beneficial capitalization interactions (i.e., making capitalization bids and responding with active and constructive responses). To further investigate this understanding, we offer a deeper and differentiating look at two core components of social anxiety: fears of positive and negative evaluation. In addition, we offer an innovative look at the varying self-disclosures of capitalization recipients, by using a novel index—Relevant Talking Time (RTT) which examines the duration of relevantly disclosing and discussing one's own good event. We reasoned that the two types of evaluative fears might have different connections to capitalization processes, considering provision, receipt, and self-disclosure. Our findings (N = 74; 37 community couples in a lab-videotaped‘ interaction) suggest that high fear of positive evaluation is associated with poorer provision of active-constructive capitalization, whereas high fear of negative evaluation is associated with a reduced disclosers' RTT. In addition, our results interestingly demonstrate that disclosers' RTT is tied to their partners' anxiety characteristics as well. We discuss the possible implications and explanations of our findings.

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