scholarly journals Media Exposure to COVID-19 Predicted Acute Stress: A Moderated Mediation Model of Intolerance of Uncertainty and Perceived Social Support

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangcai He ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Meng Chen ◽  
Jihong Zhang ◽  
Weixing Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽  
Self Report ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Previous studies have found that disaster-related media exposure could predict acute stress responses. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between media exposure to COVID-19 and acute stress, and less is known about the mechanisms that translate media exposure to COVID-19 into acute stress. The current study explored the impact of media exposure to COVID-19 on acute stress, and examined the mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and the moderating role of perceived social support (PSS).Methods: A total of 1,483 Chinese participants (Mage = 27.93 years, SD = 8.45) completed anonymous online questionnaires regarding media exposure to COVID-19, IU, PSS, and acute stress during the COVID-19 outbreak in China.Results: Media exposure to COVID-19 was positively related to acute stress, and IU partially mediated this relationship. The direct effect of media exposure to COVID-19 on acute stress, and the relationship between IU and acute stress, were both moderated by PSS. The impacts of both media exposure to COVID-19 and IU on acute stress were stronger for individuals with low PSS.Limitations: This study collected data in a shorter timeframe, and no assessments occurred during the follow-up, which may prevent us from detecting the changes of the relationships between variables over time. Meanwhile, the self-report method limited the validity of the data due to subjective reporting bias.Conclusions: These findings contribute to a better understanding of how and when pandemic-related media exposure affects acute stress, and provide new perspectives for the prevention to reduce psychological problems following traumatic events.

scholarly journals COVID-19 uncertainty and sleep: the roles of perceived stress and intolerance of uncertainty during the early stage of the COVID-19 outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wu ◽  
Tingzhong Yang ◽  
Daniel L. Hall ◽  
Guihua Jiao ◽  
Lixin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic brings unprecedented uncertainty and stress. This study aimed to characterize general sleep status among Chinese residents during the early stage of the outbreak and to explore the network relationship among COVID-19 uncertainty, intolerance of uncertainty, perceived stress, and sleep status. Methods A cross-sectional correlational survey was conducted online. A total of 2534 Chinese residents were surveyed from 30 provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions of China and regions abroad during the period from February 7 to 14, 2020, the third week of lockdown. Final valid data from 2215 participants were analyzed. Self-report measures assessed uncertainty about COVID-19, intolerance of uncertainty, perceived stress, and general sleep status. Serial mediation analysis using the bootstrapping method and path analysis were applied to test the mediation role of intolerance of uncertainty and perceived stress in the relationship between uncertainty about COVID-19 and sleep status. Results The total score of sleep status was 4.82 (SD = 2.72). Age, place of residence, ethnicity, marital status, infection, and quarantine status were all significantly associated with general sleep status. Approximately half of participants (47.1%) reported going to bed after 12:00 am, 23.0% took 30 min or longer to fall asleep, and 30.3% slept a total of 7 h or less. Higher uncertainty about COVID-19 was significantly positively correlated with higher intolerance of uncertainty (r = 0.506, p < 0.001). The mediation analysis found a mediating role of perceived stress in the relationship between COVID-19 uncertainty and general sleep status (β = 0.015, 95%C.I. = 0.009–0.021). However, IU was not a significant mediator of the relationship between COVID-19 uncertainty and sleep (β = 0.009, 95%C.I. = − 0.002–0.020). Moreover, results from the path analysis further showed uncertainty about COVID-19 had a weak direct effect on poor sleep (β = 0.043, p < 0.05); however, there was a robust indirect effect on poor sleep through intolerance of uncertainty and perceived stress. Conclusions These findings suggest that intolerance of uncertainty and perceived stress are critical factors in the relationship between COVID-19 uncertainty and sleep outcomes. Results are discussed in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, and practical policy implications are also provided.

scholarly journals Role of Hope and Perceived Social Support in Predicting Posttraumatic Growth among Half- Widows in Kashmir

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf Anjum ◽  
Shahina Maqbool
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Posttraumatic Growth ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Total Growth ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
Report Measure

Purpose: The study investigates the role of hope and perceived social support in predicting posttraumatic growth among half-widows in Kashmir. Method: A correlational design was applied. The sample consists of 150 half widows with age ranging between (35-65) yrs, taken from Srinagar, Kupwara and Kulgam districts in Kashmir. Purposive sampling was the technique used for collection of data. Tools used: The Posttraumatic growth inventory developed by Tedeschi and Calhoun in 1996 is a 21-item, 6-point scale self-report measure. The summation of all 21 items yielded a total growth score which can range from 0 to 105. Higher scores were indicative of greater growth. In the present study, internal consistency (Cronbach’s α) of the total score was .96 and item-total correlations ranged from .59 to .82. The Trait Hope Scale (Snyder et al., 1991), comprising the 4-item Agency subscale and the 4-item Pathways subscale. Items are scored on an 8-point Likert scale, anchors ranging from ‘1 = Definitely False’ to ‘8 = Definitely True’. Both subscales have adequate internal reliability, with Cronbach’s alphas ranging from .70 to .84 for the Agency subscale, and from .63 to .86 for the Pathways subscale (Snyder et al., 1991). Perceived Social Support was measured using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). The MSPSS was developed by Zimet et al. (1988). The scale is a 12-item self-report measure for subjective assessment of experienced social support from three sources: Family, Friends, and Significant Other. Each item is rated on a 7-point Likert-type scale ranging from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree”. The total score ranges from 12 to 84 for the entire 12-item questionnaire and from 4 to 28 for each of the three subscales. For these three subscales higher scores indicate greater perceived social support. In the current study reliability coefficient of the scale is 0.89.

scholarly journals Far Away, So Close? The Role of Destructive Leadership in the Job Demands–Resources and Recovery Model in Emergency Telework

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Dolce ◽  
Emilie Vayre ◽  
Monica Molino ◽  
Chiara Ghislieri
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Destructive Leadership ◽  
Recovery Model ◽  
Cognitive Demands ◽  
Remote Workers ◽  
The Relationship

During the Covid-19 pandemic, people started teleworking intensively, which has led to some benefits in terms of economic continuity, but also some complaints. International teams of scholars have pointed out the new work-related challenges, underlining leaders’ role in successfully managing them. This study aimed at investigating the role of destructive leadership in the job demands–resources and recovery model during the Covid-19 pandemic. In detail, this study intended to assess (1) whether destructive leadership is positively associated with off-work-hours technology-assisted job demand (off-TAJD) and cognitive demands, as well as whether it decreases autonomy, (2) whether two demands—off-TAJD and cognitive demands—and two resources—social support and autonomy—are respectively negatively and positively related to recovery, and (3) whether recovery mediates the relationship between demands, resources, and exhaustion. A total of 716 French remote workers (61% were women) took part in this study. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire. A multi-group structural equation model was used to test the hypotheses. The findings confirmed a significant association between destructive leadership, the two job demands, and autonomy; furthermore, all three variables mediated the relationship between destructive leadership and recovery. The findings showed the key role played by recovery as a mediator between, on one hand, off-TAJD, cognitive demands, autonomy, and social support, and, on the other hand, exhaustion. This study highlighted the role of destructive leadership, job resources, job demands, and recovery as determinants of exhaustion, illustrating their relationships in a sample of remote workers. Practical implications are discussed.

Impact of Perceived Social Support on Mental Health, Quality of Life, and Disability in Post–9/11 U.S. Military Veterans

2020 ◽  
pp. 0095327X2091992
Author(s):  
Eric Proescher ◽  
Darrin M. Aase ◽  
Holly M. Passi ◽  
Justin E. Greenstein ◽  
Christopher Schroth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Support Group ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
The Impact

This study examined the impact of perceived social support on mental health and psychosocial functioning in combat veterans after military deployment, including veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and veterans with comorbid PTSD and alcohol use disorder. Veterans ( n = 139; female = 23) completed self-report and clinician-administered measures of social support, mental and physical health, functional impairment, and quality of life. The cohort was divided into high, medium, and low perceived social support based on averages of the total score from the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Relative to the low perceived social support group, the high perceived social support group reported fewer symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, and depression. The high perceived social support group also reported a more diverse and embedded social network, less disability, and better quality of life. Of note, the high and low perceived social support groups did not differ on age, gender, education, race ethnicity, or combat trauma exposure. These findings highlight that perceived social support may play an important role in the treatment of postwar veterans as they transition back to civilian life.

Mindfulness and Cyberbullying Among Chinese Adolescents: The Mediating Roles of Perceived Social Support and Empathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 815-827
Author(s):  
Caimeng Liu ◽  
Linjia Wang ◽  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Guangzhe Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mindfulness Skills ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Teachers And Parents ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionPrevious studies have shown that mindfulness is associated with fewer cyberbullying behaviors in adolescents. The present study investigated the ways in which mindfulness is related to cyberbullying in Chinese adolescents by considering the role of empathy and perceived social support.MethodsA total of 1,390 Chinese high school students were recruited for this study. Adolescents' self-reports of mindfulness, cyberbullying, empathy, and perceived social support were used in the analyses. Results: The results showed our model fitted the data well [χ2/df = 2.413, CFI = 0.968, TLI = 0.958, RMSEA (90% CI) = 0.059 (0.040–0.078)], and revealed empathy and perceived social support partially mediate the relationship between mindfulness and cyberbullying.ConclusionThe results of this study indicate adolescents' mindfulness plays a crucial role on the likelihood of cyberbullying as well as empathy and perceived social support. Improving the mindfulness skills of adolescents should be considered by teachers and parents seeking to decrease cyberbullying.

The impact of supervisor humor on newcomer adjustment

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Gkorezis ◽  
Eugenia Petridou ◽  
Katerina Lioliou
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Relational Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – Substantial research has examined the pivotal role of supervisor positive humor in generating employee outcomes. To date, though, little is known about the relationship between supervisor humor and newcomers’ adjustment. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to this gap by examining the effect of supervisor positive humor on newcomers’ adjustment. In doing so, the authors highlighted relational identification with the supervisor as a mediating mechanism that explains the aforementioned association. Design/methodology/approach – Data were drawn from 117 newcomers. In order to collect the data the authors used the snowball method. Also, hierarchical regression analysis was conducted. Findings – The results demonstrated that supervisor positive humor affects employees’ relational identification with the supervisor which, in turn, positively relates to newcomers’ adjustment. Research limitations/implications – Data were collected using a cross-sectional design and, therefore, the authors cannot directly assess causality. Moreover, the authors used self-report measures which may strengthen the causal relationships. Originality/value – To the best of the knowledge, this is the first study that illustrates the role of supervisor humor in enhancing both newcomers’ relational identification and adjustment.

The moderating role of parenting on the relationship between psychopathy and antisocial behavior in adolescence

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 505-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa C. Silva ◽  
Håkan Stattin
Keyword(s):  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Linear Interaction ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Quadratic Interaction ◽  
Willingness To Disclose ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWe aimed to analyze the impact of several parenting factors on the relationship between psychopathy and antisocial behavior. Nine hundred youths and their mothers reported on parent–youth interactions, and youth self-report measures of psychopathy, delinquency and violent behavior were taken. Multiple regression was used to test for the significance of interactions between parenting and psychopathy scores. In terms of delinquency, linear interactions between psychopathy and the level of conflict with parents and parents' knowledge of their youths' whereabouts/youths' willingness to disclose information were found based on the data reported by the youths. Data reported by mothers indicated a linear interaction between psychopathy and parents' knowledge/youth disclosure, and a quadratic interaction of conflict with parents. For violence, we used logistic regression models to analyze moderation. No interaction effects between psychopahy scores and parenting factors were found. Youths' reports of high conflict with parents and parents' knowledge/youth disclosure showed to have an impact on violence regardless of the level of psychopathic traits. Implications for the prevention and treatment are discussed.

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