scholarly journals A New Paradigm for the Study of Cognitive Flexibility in Children and Adolescents: The “Virtual House Locomotor Maze” (VHLM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Castilla ◽  
Gregoire Borst ◽  
David Cohen ◽  
Jacques Fradin ◽  
Camille Lefrançois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Tangential Velocity ◽  
Typical Development ◽  
Head Direction ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Initial Direction ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Neuropsychological Assessments ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Classical neuropsychological assessments are designed to explore cognitive brain functions using paper-and-pencil or digital tests. The purpose of this study was to design and to test a new protocol named the “Virtual House Locomotor Maze” (VHLM) for studying inhibitory control as well as mental flexibility using a visuo-spatial locomotor memory test. The VHLM is a simple maze including six houses using the technology of the Virtual Carpet Paradigm™. Ten typical development children (TD) were enrolled in this study. The participants were instructed to reach a target house as quickly as possible and to bear in mind the experimental instructions. We examined their planning and replanning abilities to take the shortest path to reach a target house. In order to study the cognitive processes during navigation, we implemented a spatio-temporal index based on the measure of kinematics behaviors (i.e., trajectories, tangential velocity and head direction). Replanning was tested by first repeating a path chosen by the subject to reach a given house. After learning this path, it was blocked imposing that the subject inhibited the learned trajectory and designed a new trajectory to reach the same house. We measured the latency of the departure after the presentation of each house and the initial direction of the trajectory. The results suggest that several strategies are used by the subjects for replanning and our measures could be used as an index of impulsivity.

scholarly journals Explication of Some Codes of the Yakut Epos Olonkho Mythological System (Folklore Time and Space)

2020 ◽  
pp. 302-319
Author(s):  
M. T. Satanar
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Laws Of Nature ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Temporal Organization ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Semiotic System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Fundamental Categories

The relevance of the study is due, on the one hand, to the insufficient knowledge of the semiotics of the Yakut epos olonkho, and on the other, the need to implement a new paradigm of modern science, which involves the convergence of scientific knowledge. It is noted that the fundamental categories in the worldview are the modes of space and time, which in total lead to another mode of being - a chronotope. The subject of this article is the codes of cosmological mythology in the texts of the epic olonkho from the perspective of a peculiar spatio-temporal organization of the epic world of olonkho. The purpose of the study is to decode the elements of mythology, as a result of which “compressed” messages about scientific knowledge that indicate the existence of a single source of typology of culture are found. Particular attention is paid to the variety of codes, the rules for their emergence, taking into account the national characteristics of language and thinking. A systematic approach to the subject of study, structural-semiotic analysis, methods of review and description are used in the study. The novelty of the study is in an attempt to partially solve the problem of the disunity of two types of cultures (folklore and fundamental laws of nature) in the context of a general typology of culture. This study indicates the prospects for further consideration and definition of the elements of a peculiar symbolic-semiotic system of space-time organization in the texts of the Yakut epos olonkho.

ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ПАРАДИГМЫ МЕТОДОЛОГИИ ЮРИСПРУДЕНЦИИ

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Ю. М. Оборотов
Keyword(s):  
Legal Theory ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
The State ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Methodological Question ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Decisive Importance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
The Law

В современной методологии юриспруденции происходит переход от изучения состо­яний ее объекта, которыми выступают право и государство, к постижению этого объек­та в его изменениях и превращениях. Две подсистемы методологии юриспруденции, подсистема обращенная к состоянию права и государства; и подсистема обращенная к изменениям права и государства, — получают свое отображение в концептуальной форме, методологических подходах, методах, специфических понятиях. Показательны перемены в содержании методологии юриспруденции, где определяю­щее значение имеют методологические подходы, определяющие стратегию исследова­тельских поисков во взаимосвязи юриспруденции с правом и государством. Среди наи­более характерных подходов антропологический, аксиологический, цивилизационный, синергетический и герменевтический — определяют плюралистичность современной методологии и свидетельствуют о становлении новой парадигмы методологии юриспру­денции.   In modern methodology of jurisprudence there is a transition from the study the states of its object to its comprehension in changes and transformations. Hence the two subsystems of methodology of jurisprudence: subsystem facing the states of the law and the state as well as their components and aspects; and subsystem facing the changes of the law and the state in general and their constituents. These subsystems of methodology of jurisprudence receive its reflection in conceptual form, methodological approaches, methods, specific concepts. Methodology of jurisprudence should not be restricted to the methodology of legal theory. In this regard, it is an important methodological question about subject of jurisprudence. It is proposed to consider the subject of jurisprudence as complex, covering both the law and the state in their specificity, interaction and integrity. Indicative changes in the content methodology of jurisprudence are the usage of decisive importance methodological approaches that govern research strategy searches in conjunction with the law and the state. Among the most characteristic of modern development approaches: anthropological, axiological, civilization, synergistic and hermeneutic. Modern methodology of jurisprudence is pluralistic in nature alleging various approaches to the law and the state. Marked approaches allow the formation of a new paradigm methodology of jurisprudence.

Using augmented reality for navigation in space. Creating Visual Dictionaries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Khakimova ◽  
Oleg Zolotarev ◽  
Lyudmila Sharapova ◽  
Daler Mirzoev ◽  
Aleksanra Belaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Cultural Codes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The City

The image of the city is a spatio-temporal continuum in which everything is interconnected, it exists as a single monolith expressing itself in the general atmosphere. The visual image of the city may contain two planes of meanings: culturally ratified and universally valid, expressed by cultural codes, and also significant only to those who are viewing the image. Therefore, the content of the visual image depends on who the subject of perception is, what he pays attention to and in what situation the process of perception of the image occurs.

Industrial Factionalism in Modern German History

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 122-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Republican Party ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
German History ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Business World ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Domestic Markets ◽  
Parliamentary Government ◽  
The Subject

At a time when the Republican party in America seems to have abandoned its brief hopes of proclaiming a new paradigm, it may seem apropos to observe that old ones die hard—and not only in public life. A case in point from the scholarly world is the subject of this essay: the persistent historiographical notion of industrial factionalism. Throughout this century, students of German political economy have tended to see the country's business world as divided between two groupings. One comprises the classic heavy industries of the first Industrial Revolution and the Ruhr: coal, iron, and steel. Supposedly oriented toward domestic markets, burdened with high labor costs, doomed to flattening gains in productivity and profits, and habituated to hierarchy within their plants and the nation, executives in this grouping have figured in the historical literature as consistently and intransigently united against free trade, labor unions, and parliamentary government—indeed, against modernization itself.

scholarly journals MULTI-DIMENSIONAL ERROR ANALYSIS OF NEARSHORE WAVE MODELING TOOLS, WITH APPLICATION TOWARD DATA-DRIVEN BOUNDARY CORRECTION

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (32) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Boyang Jiang ◽  
James Kaihatu
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Initial Boundary ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Dimensional Error ◽  
Lateral Boundary Conditions ◽  
Boundary Information ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Spatio Temporal

As the forecasting models become more sophisticated in their physics and possible depictions of the nearshore hydrodynamics, they also become increasingly sensitive to errors in the inputs, such as errors in the specification of boundary information (lateral boundary conditions, initial boundary conditions, etc). Evaluation of the errors on the boundary is less straightforward, and is the subject of this study. The model under investigation herein is the Delft3D modeling suite, developed at Deltares (formerly Delft Hydraulics) in Delft, the Netherlands. Coupling of the wave (SWAN) and hydrodynamic (FLOW) model requires care at the lateral boundaries in order to balance run time and error growth. To this extent, we will use perturbation method and spatio-temporal analysis method such as Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis to determine the various scales of motion in the flow field and the extent of their response to imposed boundary errors.

scholarly journals SPATIO-TEMPORAL DATA ANALYSIS WITH NON-LINEAR FILTERS: BRAIN MAPPING WITH fMRI DATA

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Karsten Rodenacker ◽  
Klaus Hahn ◽  
Gerhard Winkler ◽  
Dorothea P Auer
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Linear Filters ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Sensory Activation ◽  
Temporal Data Analysis

Spatio-temporal digital data from fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) are used to analyse and to model brain activation. To map brain functions, a well-defined sensory activation is offered to a test person and the hemodynamic response to neuronal activity is studied. This so-called BOLD effect in fMRI is typically small and characterised by a very low signal to noise ratio. Hence the activation is repeated and the three dimensional signal (multi-slice 2D) is gathered during relatively long time ranges (3-5 min). From the noisy and distorted spatio-temporal signal the expected response has to be filtered out. Presented methods of spatio-temporal signal processing base on non-linear concepts of data reconstruction and filters of mathematical morphology (e.g. alternating sequential morphological filters). Filters applied are compared by classifications of activations.

scholarly journals Perception and Text Comprehension. It’s a Matter of Perception!

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (07) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Aglaia Tourimpampa ◽  
Athanasios Drigas ◽  
Alexandra Economou ◽  
Petros Roussos
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Text Comprehension ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Cognitive Skill ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Communicative Act ◽  
Linguistic Approach ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scientific Achievements

This study is a comprehensive attempt to assess the impact of the cognitive skill of perception in the ability to comprehend a text. More specifically, it investigates the function of perception as a primary structure of the human brain to contact the world and examines the certain cognitive processes of perception that affect text comprehension. It is also presented the relation between cognitive perception and the linguistic approach of pragmatics in order the subject to comprehend the text. Perception is the organization, identification and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the environment. Pragmatics is the linguistic field that studies how people comprehend and produce speech or a text as a communicative act. Furthermore, it features the current scientific achievements on the ICTs processes and tools, which exploit the assessment of perception in text comprehension.

UNDERSTANDING BLOGGERS POSTING ABOUT POP CULTURE: LINGUAPRAGMATICS OF «UNPOPULAR OPINION» IN THE ENGLISH INTERNET-DISCOURSE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Kukovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Pop Culture ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Given ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Blog Posts ◽  
Subcultural Community

The paper explores communication within the English blogosphere in which the discourse manifests itself in blog posts, devoted, in particular, to reactions to a variety of pop-culture works. These posts are characterized by specific linguapragmatics. The article examines the language and the discourse of bloggers from the standpoint of the Linguistic Creativity approach, which may help to have an in-depth insight into the mechanisms of cognitive processes. The topicality of this topic is justified by the interest that modern linguists have in text studies, discourse analysis and computer-mediated Internet-discourse. The novelty of the article lies in the fact that the given discourse and the linguapragmatics of the posts in question in the English blogosphere have not so far received the attention they deserve and should be the subject of more research and analysis. The paper supplies relevant conclusions made on the basis of the empiric material. The research demonstrates that within the English Internet-discourse of bloggers, who interpret modern pop culture and can be considered a subcultural community, among other types of posts there can be singled out the so-called “unpopular opinion”, that boasts a number of linguapragmatic peculiarities coinciding with the communicative goals of bloggers. Decoding such posts may be a challenge and we, among other things, want to draw researchers’ attention to the “language of bloggers” and its study.

Hypervideo and Cognition

2011 ◽  
pp. 26-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Chambel ◽  
Carmen Zahn ◽  
Matthias Finke
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Knowledge Building ◽  
Meaningful Learning ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Information Structures ◽  
Video Information ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Spatio Temporal

This chapter discusses how advanced digital video technologies, such as hypervideo, can be used to broaden the spectrum of meaningful learning activities. Hypervideo is conceptualized as the true integration of video into nonlinear information structures by means of spatio-temporal links. Based on cognitive-psychological perspectives, the discussion focuses on the way cognitive and socio-cognitive processes relate to the specific characteristics of hyperlinked videos, and how they inform their design. Then, with regard to technology, two approaches are introduced, providing tools for knowledge building and interaction with nonlinear information structures based on dynamic video information. Case studies and research findings are presented and prospects for future research are outlined.

scholarly journals Possible cognitive processes underlying competency assessment

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Boshoff ◽  
R. Van Wyk ◽  
C. L. Bester
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Competency Assessment ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Cognitive Evaluation ◽  
Cognitive Theories ◽  
Cognitive Choice ◽  
Theoretical Frame ◽  
Social Cognitive Theories

Indications are that research on competency assessment lacks a theoretical frame of reference. An attempt is made to explore cognitive processes taking place during assessment explaining the large percentage of rater variance. The principles of five different cognitive theories are discussed in the search for possible explanations namely: cognitive choice-, cognitive evaluation-, social cognitive theories, metacognitive- and the new paradigm approaches.

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