scholarly journals Exploring the Relationship Between Anxiety, Depression, and Sleep Disturbance Among HIV Patients in China From a Network Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Wang ◽  
Muyu Wang ◽  
Xin Xin ◽  
Tong Zhang ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Node Importance ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Mental disorder of people living with HIV (PLWH) has become a common and increasing worldwide public health concern. We aimed to explore the relationship between anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance for PLWH from a network perspective.Methods: The network model featured 28 symptoms on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire in a sample of 4,091 HIV-infected persons. Node predictability and strength were computed to assess the importance of items. We estimated and compared 20 different networks based on subpopulations such as males and females to analyze similarities and differences in network structure, connections, and symptoms.Results: Several consistent patterns and interesting differences emerged across subgroups. Pertaining to the connections, some symptoms such as S12–S13 (“sleepy”—“without enthusiasm”) shown a strong positive relationship, indicating that feeling sleepy was a good predictor of lacking enthusiasm, and vice versa. While other symptoms, such as A3–D3 (“worried”—“cheerful”), were negatively related in all networks, revealing that nodes A3 and D3 were bridge symptoms between anxiety and depression. Across all subgroups, the most central symptom was A7 “panic” and S2 “awake”, which had the greatest potential to affect an individual's mental state. While S3 “bathroom” and S5 “cough or snore” shown consistent lower node importance, which would be of limited therapeutic use.Conclusions: Mental conditions of PLWH varied considerably among subgroups, inspiring psychiatrists and clinicians that personalized invention to a particular subgroup was essential and might be more effective during treatment than adopting the same therapeutic schedule.

scholarly journals A validation study of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in WLHIV

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdilahi Yousuf ◽  
Ramli Musa ◽  
Muhammad Lokman Md. ◽  
Siti Roshaidai Mohd Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a self-assessment tool that measures anxiety and depression and is mostly used in hospital settings. The purpose of this study is to test the validity and reliability of the Somali version of HADS in selected two hospitals in eastern Ethiopia. Method: From the WLHIV who attend the ART service, 357 women were included in the study and assessed with this tool. The English language of HADS was translated into the Somali version and used for this study. Statistical analysis was computed to examine the validity and measure the reliability of the study. Result This version of HADS was found to be acceptable for people living with HIV. To test the reliability, the internal consistency was found to be 0.83 for the anxiety sub-scale and 0.84 for the depression sub-scale. The Somali version of HADS has shown good internal consistency with its metric properties similar to international literature. By two-factor analysis, the Varimax rotation has shown high factor loading in both sub-scales (Anxiety and depression). Conclusion Therefore, this version can be used to screen the anxiety and depression of patients living with HIV. Therefore, the findings of this validation study show that the Somali version of the HADS is a valid and reliable tool to measure depression and anxiety and can be used to screen people living with HIV.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Related Knowledge and Mental Health: Case of Croatia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Galić ◽  
Luka Mustapić ◽  
Ana Šimunić ◽  
Leon Sić ◽  
Sabrina Cipolletta
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mediation Models

Background and Aims: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to radical and unexpected changes in everyday life, and it is plausible that people’s psychophysical health has been affected. This study examined the relationship between COVID-19 related knowledge and mental health in a Croatian sample of participants.MethodsAn online survey was conducted from March 18 until March 23, 2020, and a total of 1244 participant responses were collected (85.5% were women and 58.4% completed secondary education). Measures included eight questions regarding biological features of the virus, symptoms, and prevention, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Optimism-Pessimism Scale. According to the answers given on the questions on COVID-19 related knowledge, participants were divided in two groups: (1) informed and (2) uninformed on each question. They were then compared in the expressed levels of anxiety, depression, pessimism, and optimism. Full vs. partial mediation models with optimism/pessimism as a mediator in the relationship between anxiety/depression and the accuracy of responses for questions about handwashing and ways of transmission were estimated.ResultsParticipants who responded correctly on the question about handwashing had higher levels of anxiety, depression, and pessimism than those participants whose answer was incorrect, while participants who answered correctly on the question about the percentage of patients who develop serious breathing problems had higher levels of depression than those who answered incorrectly. Lower levels of anxiety and pessimism were observed in the participants who answered correctly about ways of transmission. Higher levels of pessimism were found in participants who scored incorrectly on questions about the efficiency of antibiotics, most common symptoms, and the possibility of being infected by asymptomatic carriers. Higher levels of knowledge about handwashing were predicted by higher levels of anxiety and pessimism. Higher levels of knowledge about ways of transmission were predicted by lower levels of anxiety and lower levels of pessimism. The examined relationships between anxiety/depression and knowledge were mediated by pessimism.ConclusionThe findings of this study suggest that knowledge about COVID-19 may be useful to reduce anxiety and depression, but it must be directed to the promotion of health behaviors and to the recognition of fake news.

scholarly journals Anxiety, depression, resilience and self-esteem in individuals with cardiovascular diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela Gonzales Carvalho ◽  
Eduarda dos Santos Bertolli ◽  
Luciana Paiva ◽  
Lidia Aparecida Rossi ◽  
Rosana Aparecida Spadoti Dantas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the relationship between anxiety and depression symptoms, resilience and self-esteem with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics; correlate resilience and self-esteem with age and duration of the disease; check associations between anxiety and depression with measures of resilience and self-esteem among individuals with cardiovascular diseases. Method: correlational study conducted in a large university hospital in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The population was composed of adult inpatients with cardiovascular diseases. A non-probabilistic consecutive sample was composed of 120 patients. Variables of interest were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Resilience Scale, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Results: anxiety and depression symptoms were present in 32.5% and 17.5% of the patients, respectively, and were associated with the female sex (p = 0.002; p = 0.022). Manifestations of depression were associated with the presence of comorbidities (p = 0.020). More resilient patients did not present depression symptoms (p < 0.001) and anxious women were more resilient (p = 0.042). The highest scores regarding self-esteem were present in patients with anxiety and depression. Men presented higher resilience and lower self-esteem compared to women. Conclusion: patients with anxiety and depression were less resilient but presented higher self-esteem.

scholarly journals The Role of Sleep Disturbance, Depression and Anxiety in Frail Patients with AF–Gender Differences

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Beata Jankowska-Polańska ◽  
Jacek Polański ◽  
Krzysztof Dudek ◽  
Agnieszka Sławuta ◽  
Grzegorz Mazur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Frail Patients ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study was to assess the link between anxiety and depression and frailty syndrome (FS) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) with regard to gender differences. Material and methods. The study was conducted on 158 patients with AF (mean age 70.4 ± 7.6). The study used the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS-M), the Athens insomnia scale (AIS) and the Edmonton frailty scale to assess and compare anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance between frail and non-frail patients with AF. Results. FS was diagnosed in 53.2% of patients. A comparative analysis showed a statistically significantly higher severity level of anxiety (12.0 ± 2.6 vs. 8.4 ± 2.5, p < 0.001) and depression (12.5 ± 2.5 vs. 7.2 ± 3.3, p < 0.001) in frail patients compared to non-frail patients. The analysis of the level of anxiety, depression and FS did not show any significant differences between the studied women and men. However, statistically, significant differences were observed when FS occurred, regardless of gender. Anxiety disorders were observed in 75.5% of patients with FS and in 16.7% without frailty, whereas depressive disorders were observed in 73.6% of frail patients and in 4.2% without frailty. In an analysis of the impact of cumulative variables on the level of frailty, the risk of FS in patients with anxiety/depression and sleep disturbance is almost 500 times higher compared to patients without anxiety/depression and sleep disturbance. The risk of frailty in patients with sleep disturbance only is thirteen times higher than in the reference group, i.e., in patients without depression/anxiety and sleep disturbances. Conclusions: Patients with AF and FS show deeper anxiety, depression and sleep disturbances. Gender does not influence the risk of frailty in AF patients. Frailty in patients with AF is associated with a higher risk of depression, sleep disturbances and anxiety.

scholarly journals Associations Between COVID-19 Symptoms and Psychological Distress

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju-Wan Kim ◽  
Hee-Ju Kang ◽  
Min Jhon ◽  
Seunghyong Ryu ◽  
Ju-Yeon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Hospital isolation for COVID-19 may cause significant psychological stress. The association between COVID-19 symptoms and psychological symptoms has not been systematically studied. We investigated the effects of telephonic intervention on the relationship between psychological symptoms and COVID-19 symptoms at the time of hospitalization and 1 week later.Method: We screened 461 patients with COVID-19 for psychiatric symptoms from February 29, 2020, to January 3, 2021. In total, 461 patients were evaluated 2 days after admission, and 322 (69.8%) were followed 1 week later. To assess anxiety and depressive symptoms, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was administered to patients once per week. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and item 9 of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-9) were used weekly to assess insomnia and suicidal ideation.Results: Of 461 enrolled patients, we observed clinically meaningful psychological anxiety symptoms (in 75/16.3% of patients), depression (122/26.5%), insomnia (154/33.4%), and suicidal ideation (54/11.7%). Commonly reported COVID-19 symptoms are cough/sputum/sneezing (244, 52.9%), headache/dizziness (98, 21.3%), myalgia (113, 24.5%), and sore throat (89, 19.3%). Compared to baseline, significant improvements were found in anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation at 1 week. No significant group differences in ISI score were observed.Conclusions: COVID-19 symptoms at baseline had a significant and persistent negative impact on anxiety and depression at admission and at 1 week after hospitalization. Early intervention is essential to improve the outcomes of patients with mental illness.

scholarly journals JACOBSON'S PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE RELAXATION (JPMR) TRAINING TO REDUCE ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 072-078
Author(s):  
Prameelarani Bommareddi ◽  
Blessy Prabha Valsaraj ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Progressive Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Disease Specific

Abstract: Background: The term AIDS refers only to the last stage of the HIV infection. AIDS can be called as our modern pandemic affecting both industrialized and developing countries. Objectives: To assess the anxiety and depression among people living with HIV as measured by HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), to determine the effectiveness of JPMR in terms of reduction in the mean posttest anxiety and depression scores, to find the association of anxiety and depression among people living with HIV with selected demographic and disease specific variables. Materials and Methods: one group pre test and post test design was used. 30 people living with HIV who were admitted at ART center, District Hospital, Udupi were selected and different scales on anxiety and depression scale for people living with HIV were administered. Purposive sampling technique was used for the study. Results: Out of 30 subjects, 13.30% (4) experienced abnormal anxiety and 16.7% (5) abnormal depression. There was significance difference between mean difference of pretest and post test scores of anxiety (t=8.471, df=29, p=0.001) and depression (t=6.811, df=29, p=0.001). Anxiety is independent of the selected variables (Demographic and disease specific). Depression is dependent on previous history of psychiatric illness (÷2=6.584, df =2, p=0.037). Conclusion: JPMR is a simple non-invasive, cost effective method. The result showed that JPMR training had a positive effect in reducing the anxiety and depression and JPMR can be used as an effective alternative therapy.

The relationship between anxiety, depression and risk behaviors in adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Soleimani ◽  
Saeed Pahlevan Sharif ◽  
Nasim Bahrami ◽  
Ameneh Yaghoobzadeh ◽  
Kelly A. Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Aim Adolescence is a developmental period often associated with high-risk behaviors. While some risk-taking behavior is considered normative in adolescents, research has indicated an association between risky behaviors and mental ill-health. The current research aimed to examine the relationship between anxiety and depression with the occurrence of high-risk behaviors in adolescents and also determine the predictive factors of these main variables. Methods A descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational design was used to collect data from 399 adolescents between the ages of 14 and 19 residing in Qazvin, Iran using the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) and the Iranian Adolescents Risk-taking Scale (IARS) between the period of October and November 2015. Data analysis included descriptive and inferential statistics powered by SPSS (v. 23). Results Mean scores for anxiety, depression and risky behaviors were 37.70 ± 21.11 and 80.76 ± 31.30, respectively. Participants’ frequency of suicidal thoughts (β = 0.126, p < 0.05) positively predicted anxiety and depression, while age (β = −0.126, p < 0.01) and self-confidence (β = −0.307, p < 0.001) negatively predicted anxiety and depression. Moreover, having friends that smoke (β = 0.366, p < 0.001), suicidal thoughts (β = 0.127, p < 0.01), and the strength of suicidal thoughts (β = 0.100, p < 0.05) were positive predictors of occurrence of risky behaviors. Furthermore, religious belief (β = −0.204, p < 0.001) negatively predicted occurrence of risky behaviors in Iranian adolescents. Male respondents were more likely to have higher level of occurrence of risky behaviors than females (β = −0.193, p < 0.001). Conclusion Findings of the present study suggest that anxiety and depression positively and significantly predict the occurrence of risky behaviors in addition to having friends that smoke, suicidal thoughts, and strong suicidal thinking. The implications of these findings have relevance for screening, prevention, and treatment interventions targeting mental health in adolescents.

scholarly journals Levels of anxiety and depression as predictors of mortality: the HUNT study

2009 ◽  
Vol 195 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnstein Mykletun ◽  
Ottar Bjerkeset ◽  
Simon øverland ◽  
Martin Prince ◽  
Michael Dewey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Symptom ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Symptom Load ◽  
Hunt Study ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundDepression is reported to be associated with increased mortality, although underlying mechanisms are uncertain. Associations between anxiety and mortality are also uncertain.AimsTo investigate associations between individual and combined anxiety/depression symptom loads (using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)) and mortality over a 3–6 year period.MethodWe utilised a unique link between a large population survey (HUNT–2, n = 61 349) and a comprehensive mortality database.ResultsCase-level depression was associated with increased mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.52, 95% CI 1.35–1.72) comparable with that of smoking (HR = 1.59, 95% CI 1.44–1.75), and which was only partly explained by somatic symptoms/conditions. Anxiety comorbid with depression lowered mortality compared with depression alone (anxiety depression interaction P = 0.017). The association between anxiety symptom load and mortality was U-shaped.ConclusionsDepression as a risk factor for mortality was comparable in strength to smoking. Comorbid anxiety reduced mortality compared with depression alone. The relationship between anxiety symptoms and mortality was more complex with a U-shape and highest mortality in those with the lowest anxiety symptom loads.

scholarly journals Assessment of depression, anxiety, hopelessness and suicidal risk in HIV+ inpatients

Salud Mental ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Alderete-Aguilar ◽  
◽  
Rosa Cruz-Maycott ◽  
María Candela-Iglesias ◽  
Evelyn Rodríguez Estrada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Beck Hopelessness Scale ◽  
Inpatient Population ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Discharge Method ◽  
Risk Scale

Introduction. People living with HIV frequently experience anxiety, depression, hopelessness and suicide risk, particularly if they are hospitalized due to HIV complications. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of anxiety, depression, hopelessness and suicide risk in HIV+ inpatients at admission and discharge. Method. A comparative study was conducted with the HIV+ inpatient population of the National Institute for Respiratory Diseases in Mexico City, from February to November 2013. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Beck Hopelessness Scale and the Plutchik Suicide Risk Scale were applied at hospital admission and discharge. Results. One hundred and fifteen patients completed all three assessments. Upon admission, 10.4% of the patients scored above the cut-off point for suicide risk; 1.7% presented high levels of hopelessness; 5.2% had clinical depression, and 7% had clinical anxiety. The comparison of scores at admission and discharge showed significant decreases in all symptom levels. Discussion and conclusion. Most of the patients presented low levels of all symptoms assessed at admission and these decreased at discharge. Further research is necessary with the hospitalized HIV population.

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