scholarly journals Correlation Between Local Air Temperature and the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hubei, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-yi Hu ◽  
Lu-shan Xiao ◽  
Hong-bo Zhu ◽  
Hong Zhu ◽  
Li Liu
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Almost All

Objective: To clarify the correlation between temperature and the COVID-19 pandemic in Hubei.Methods: We collected daily newly confirmed COVID-19 cases and daily temperature for six cities in Hubei Province, assessed their correlations, and established regression models.Results: For temperatures ranging from −3.9 to 16.5°C, daily newly confirmed cases were positively correlated with the maximum temperature ~0–4 days prior or the minimum temperature ~11–14 days prior to the diagnosis in almost all selected cities. An increase in the maximum temperature 4 days prior by 1°C was associated with an increase in the daily newly confirmed cases (~129) in Wuhan. The influence of temperature on the daily newly confirmed cases in Wuhan was much more significant than in other cities.Conclusion: Government departments in areas where temperatures range between −3.9 and 16.5°C and rise gradually must take more active measures to address the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Contemporary Warming and Daily Values of Temperature (on the Example of Warsaw)

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Urszula Kossowska-Cezak
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Absolute Maximum ◽  
Absolute Minimum ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Minimum Daily Temperature ◽  
Warming Process

Abstract This paper aims at presenting changes in everyday air temperature values, triggered by the contemporary warming process. The analysis has been based on the mean, maximum, and minimum daily temperature values measured in Warsaw between 1951 – 2003. The mean daily temperature in that period was between −24.6 and 28.4°C, absolute minimum temperature was −30.7°C, absolute maximum temperature amounted to 36.4°C. Calculations indicate that the number of days with mean temperature ≤ −5.0°C (minimum < 0.0°C, maximum < 0.0°C) in the last several years decreased. This trend slowed down at the beginning of 21st century, nevertheless, the number of days with mean daily temperature > 20.0°C and maximum temperature > 25.0°C was growing, particularly in the 1990’s and even more so in early 2000’s. Also since 1990’s, there has been increasingly more nights with minimum temperature > 15.0°C, which has been particularly apparent in 2001. Contemporary warming is then marked with an increasing frequency of the hottest days and decreasing frequency of the coldest days. These changes were asymmetrical beyond 1950’s, yet, in late 1990’s they coincided.

scholarly journals Evidence of elevation-dependent warming from the Chinese Tian Shan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 5765-5783
Author(s):  
Lu Gao ◽  
Haijun Deng ◽  
Xiangyong Lei ◽  
Jianhui Wei ◽  
Yaning Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Swiss Alps ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Regional Warming ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Warming Rate ◽  
Tian Shan

Abstract. The phenomenon in which the warming rate of air temperature is amplified with elevation is termed elevation-dependent warming (EDW). It has been clarified that EDW can accelerate the retreat of glaciers and melting of snow, which can have significant impacts on the regional ecological environment. Owing to the lack of high-density ground observations in high mountains, there is widespread controversy regarding the existence of EDW. Current evidence is mainly derived from typical high-mountain regions such as the Swiss Alps, the Colorado Rocky Mountains, the tropical Andes and the Tibetan Plateau–Himalayas. Rare evidence in other mountain ranges has been reported, especially in arid regions. In this study, EDW features (regional warming amplification and altitude warming amplification) in the Chinese Tian Shan (CTM) were detected using a unique high-resolution (1 km, 6-hourly) air temperature dataset (CTMD) from 1979 to 2016. The results showed that there were significant EDW signals at different altitudes on different timescales. The CTM showed significant regional warming amplification in spring, especially in March, and the warming trends were greater than those of continental China with respect to three temperatures (minimum temperature, mean temperature and maximum temperature). The significance values of EDW above different altitude thresholds are distinct for three temperatures in 12 months. The warming rate of the minimum temperature in winter showed a significant elevation dependence (p<0.01), especially above 3000 m. The greatest altitudinal gradient in the warming rate of the maximum temperature was found above 4000 m in April. For the mean temperature, the warming rates in June and August showed prominent altitude warming amplification but with different significance above 4500 m. Within the CTM, the Tolm Mountains, the eastern part of the Borokoonu Mountains, the Bogda Mountains and the Balikun Mountains are representative regions that showed significant altitude warming amplification on different timescales. This new evidence could partly explain the accelerated melting of snow in the CTM, although the mechanisms remain to be explored.

scholarly journals Prediction of maximum or minimum air temperature in a coastal location in West Bengal

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-680
Author(s):  
SUKUMAR LALAROY ◽  
SANJIB BANDYOPADHYAY ◽  
SWETA DAS
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Radiation Data ◽  
Sunshine Hour ◽  
Minimum Air Temperature

bl 'kks/k i= dk mÌs'; Hkkjrh; rVh; LFkku vFkkZr~ if'peh caxky ds vyhiqj ¼dksydkrk½ esa izsf{kr HkweaMyh; lkSj fofdj.k dh enn ls gjxzhCl fofdj.k QkWewZyk ls rkjh[kokj la'kksf/kr KRS irk djuk gS ftlls fd vkxs ;fn U;wure rkieku ¼Tmin½ Kkr gks rks vf/kdre rkieku ¼Tmax½ dk iwokZuqeku nsus esa vFkok blds foijhr] mi;ksx fd;k tk ldsA HkweaMyh; lkSj fofdj.k ds chp lglaca/k dh x.kuk rkjh[kokj fd, x, /kwi ds ?kaVkokj  vk¡dM+ksa ds vkSlr ds mi;ksx ftlesa vkaXLVªkse izsLdkWV QkewZyk ls izkIr fu;rkad  as = 0-25 vkSj bs = 0-5 gS] ls dh xbZZ gSA blesa izsf{kr fd, x, HkweaMyh; lkSj fofdj.k vkadM+ksa dk v/;;u fd;k x;k gSA ;g fuf'pr :i  ls dgk tkrk gS fd vkaxLVªkse izsldkWV QkewZyk HkweaMyh; lkSj fofdj.k dk lVhd vkdyu djrk gS vkSj ;g lgh ik;k tkrk gSA bl 'kks/k i= esa gjxzhCl fofdj.k QkewZyk ¼ftles KRS = 0-19 fy;k x;k gS½ ls rkjh[kokj izkIr fd, x, vf/kdre rkiekuksa rFkk U;wure rkiekuksa ds vkSlr ¼vkadM+s Hkkjr ekSle foKku foHkkx ds vyhiqj] dksydkrk ftyk & 24 ijxuk ds dk;kZy; ls izkIr½ dk mi;ksx djds HkweaMyh; lkSj fofdj.k ds chp lglaca/k dh x.kuk dh xbZ gS vkSj bldk v/;;u izsf{kr HkweaMyh; lkSj fofdj.k ds lkFk Hkh fd;k x;k gSA rkjh[kokj la'kksf/kr KRS dh x.kuk gjxzhCl fofdj.k QkewZyk ls dh xbZA blesa HkweaMyh; lkSj fofdj.k ds izsf{kr vkadM+ksa] rkjh[kokj vf/kdre rkiekuksa vkSj U;wure rkiekuksa ds vkSlr mi;ksx esa fy, x, gSaA bls fdlh LVs'ku ds vf/kdre rkiekuksa  vkSj U;wure rkieku vkadMksa ds rkjh[kokj KRS  ds mi;ksx ds }kjk vkl ikl ds {ks=ksa ds ok"iksRltZu ds fy, HkweaMyh; lkSj fofdj.k dk vkdyu djus ds fy, Hkh mi;ksx esa yk;k tk ldrk gSA  The objective of this study is to find the date wise corrected KRS from the Hargreaves Radiation formula with the help of observed global solar radiation for the Indian coastal location namely Alipore (Kolkata) in West Bengal so that subsequently it can be used for predicting maximum temperature Tmax if minimum temperature Tmin is known or vice-versa. The correlation between the global solar radiation calculated by using date wise average sunshine hour data with constants as = 0.25 and bs = 0.5, from Angstrom Prescott formula with the observed global solar radiation data was studied. The assertion that the Angstrom Prescott formula gives nearly accurate estimation of global solar radiation has been found to be correct. Correlation between the global solar radiation calculated by using date wise average of Tmax and Tmin (sourced from IMD located at Alipore, Kolkata, District - South 24 parganas) from Hargreaves Radiation formula (taking KRS  = 0.19 ) with the observed global solar radiation data was also  studied. Date wise corrected  KRS by Hargreaves Radiation formula was computed using the observed data of global solar radiation, date wise average of maximum temperature Tmax and minimum temperature Tmin. The date wise corrected KRS can be used for better prediction of Tmax and Tmin. Also it can be used for estimation of global solar radiation for reference evapo-transpiration of the neighbourhood areas by utilizing the date wise KRS with the Tmax and Tmin of the station.

scholarly journals Prediction of solar radiation with air temperature data in a coastal location in Tamilnadu

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
A. MUGRAPAN ◽  
SUBBARAYAN SIVAPRAKASAN ◽  
S. MOHAN
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Reference Evapotranspiration ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Adjustment Coefficient ◽  
Meteorological Observatory ◽  
Daily Sunshine ◽  
Sunshine Hour

The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of the Hargreaves’ Radiation formula in estimating daily solar radiation for an Indian coastal location namely Annamalainagar in Tamilnadu State. Daily solar radiation by Hargreaves’ Radiation formula was computed using the observed data of maximum temperature, Tmax and minimum temperature, Tmin, sourced from the India Meteorological Observatory located at Annamalainagar and employing the adjustment coefficient KRS of 0.19. Daily solar radiation was also computed using Angstrom-Prescott formula with the measured daily sunshine hour data. The differences between the daily solar radiation values computed using the formulae were more pronounced in year around. Hence, the adjustment coefficient KRS is calibrated for the study location under consideration so that the calibrated KRS could be used to better predict daily solar radiation and hence better estimation of reference evapotranspiration.

INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE AVAILABILITY OF IRON TO AN OAT CROP

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Evans ◽  
A. R. Mack ◽  
A. J. Dekker
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Root System ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dark Period ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Fe Uptake ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

The availability of Fe-59 added as FeCl3∙6H2O to sandy-textured soils decreased in relation to the total amount of Fe taken up by oats when the temperature of the soil-root system was raised from 10 to 27 °C. When the soil temperature was raised to 27 °C, the ratio of Fe-59/total-Fe in the forage material of the oats decreased over the entire temperature range, even though maximum yield and total-Fe uptake occurred near 20 °C. Changing the aerial environment by lowering the dark-period air temperature from 25 to 10 °C markedly reduced the yield of dry matter and raised the concentration of total-Fe in the plant but did not consistently affect the ratio Fe-59/total-Fe. Incubating the soil for 30 days prior to adding the Fe-59 and seeding also reduced the proportion of Fe-59 in the plant material.

scholarly journals Relationship between mean annual temperatures and precipitation sums in Montenegro between 1951-1980 and 1981-2010 periods

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Buric ◽  
Vladan Ducic ◽  
Jovan Mihajlovic
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Temperature Fluctuations ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

In the second half of the 20th and by the beginning of the 21st century the area of Montenegro was dominated by positive air temperature fluctuations and negative precipitation sums. This paper analyses a 60-year period (1951-2010), with the aim to determine air temperature and precipitation deviation between the two 30-year periods: 1951-1980 and 1981-2010. Calculations of mean, mean maximum and mean minimum temperature have been done, as well as annual values of precipitation sums. All three temperature parameters, particularly maximum values, show that the 1981-2010 period was significantly warmer in relation to previous three decades. Significant changes in mean annual precipitation sums between the two observation periods have been recorded on the coast and, locally, in the western part of the country. The results also showed that there was a significant increase in positive deviations of mean maximum temperature in most parts of Montenegro during the 1981-2010 period in relation to the 1951-1980 period, while changes of this type in other observation parameters were mostly minor.

scholarly journals Analysis of Climate Change and Sustainable Development in Peru and Its Departments during the Year 2006 - 2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-46
Author(s):  
Vladimir Villarroel Diaz ◽  
Ronald Révolo Acevedo ◽  
Uriel Quispe Quezada ◽  
Elvis Carmen Delgadillo ◽  
Joel Colonio Llacua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
P Value ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
General Index

Aims: Analyze and relate the general index of climate change and sustainable development of Peru and its departments during the year 2006 - 2018. Study Design:  The research is not intended to deliberately manipulate the variables, therefore, it is non-experimental; is descriptive, correlational and longitudinal. Place and Duration of Study: The research project was carried out in the Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Sciences of the UNCP, likewise the collection of information data was carried out during 2020 and 2021, due to the Covid19 pandemic. Methodology: Two economic data, four social data and five environmental data were selected, in addition climatic data of precipitation, maximum and minimum temperature of the 24 departments of Peru were collected during the years 2006 - 2018; To estimate the climatic and sustainable indices, the Prescott-Allen methodology was applied, the interpretation and assessment scale (climate change and sustainable development) was carried out using the barometric analysis of McCarthy. Five regression models were applied [dependent variable GISD; independent variable IGCC], hypothesis testing was performed using Karl Pearson's r coefficient and p-value at 0.05. Results: It is stated that Peru presents an economic sustainable index [EcSI] of 0.066 low, social sustainability [SoSI]: 0.225 medium, environmental sustainability [EnSI]: 0.282 high and general index of sustainable development [GISD] is 0.572 medium. In itself the climate index of precipitation is [CPrI]: 0.079 weak, the climate index maximum temperature [CTxI]: 0.251 severe, climate index minimum temperature [CTnI]: 0.138 weak and the general index of climate change [GICC] is 0.468 moderate. Two appropriate regression models [linear and exponential] were determined to estimate the GISD as a function of the GICC, CPrI, CTxI and CTnI. Conclusion: It was found that during the year 2006 to 2018 Peru presented a low economic, social medium, high environmental situation and therefore its sustainable development is in a medium situation; while precipitation is weak, severe maximum temperature, weak minimum temperature, and therefore, climate change has a moderate impact. Likewise, it is stated that there are two linear and exponential regression models to estimate the GISD based on the GICC, CPrI, CTxI and CTnI. It is recommended to collect more climatic data and economic indicators to be able to differentiate the economic and climatic situation that Peru and departments represent during its thirteen years of development.

Assessing several downscaling methods for daily minimum and maximum temperature in a mountainous area. Are we able to statistically simulate a warmer climate in the Pyrenees?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Lemus-Canovas ◽  
Swen Brands
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Maximum Daily Temperature

&lt;p&gt;Mountain areas are one of the most vulnerable areas to climate change, due to the large amount of natural resources they contribute to society. Moreover, the announced increase in temperature for the next few decades may have uncertain consequences for the ecosystems and landscapes of such territories. To face this challenge, it is necessary to test the capacity to simulate the climate of warm periods using observed data. In the present contribution, different perfect prog (PP) downscaling methods were evaluated to simulate the minimum and maximum daily temperature in a 1x1 km grid in the Pyrenees (Spain, France &amp; Andorra) for the period 1985-2015. To obtain the results, several combinations of predictors, different geographical domains of such predictors, as well as different reanalysis databases were used, to check how much they can influence the prediction skill. In addition, different metrics were calculated to evaluate the bias, the similarity in the observed and predicted distributions, the temporal correlation, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The results obtained reflect that the regression models better represent the warm periods using the observed data, as well as a lower bias. The present study will facilitate the decision making on which method of downscaling PP is more useful to reproduce the future temperature in the Pyrenees.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keywords: &lt;/strong&gt;Statistical downscaling, perfect prog, Pyrenees, daily temperature.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Forecasting of minimum temperature over Gangtok

MAUSAM ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
S.D. ATTRI ◽  
A.B. PANDYA ◽  
D.P. DUBEY
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Cloud Amount ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Cold Wave ◽  
Percentage Frequency

A study has been conducted to assess day-to-day changes, departure and persistence of minimum temperature and the frequency of cold wave and severe cold wave over Gangtok for five winter months i.e., November-March for the years 1969 to 1992. Regression models have also been formulated to forecast minimum temperature with the knowledge of dew point, cloud amount, maximum temperature and minimum temperature recorded on previous day. In case of changes, ‘little change’ and ‘no change’ constitute about four-fifth of total changes. The cases of nearly normal were found maximum when departure of minimum temperature from normal was considered. Frequency of cold wave and severe cold wave has been recorded more in January and February respectively. It has been observed that there is a gradual fall in the percentage frequency with the increase in the magnitude of variation. Regression model gives good results from November to February.   

The effect of temperature on high-resolution TEM image contrast

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 640-641
Author(s):  
T. Geipel ◽  
W. Mader ◽  
P. Pirouz
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Waller Factor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Debye Waller Factor ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Atomic Form Factor

Temperature affects both elastic and inelastic scattering of electrons in a crystal. The Debye-Waller factor, B, describes the influence of temperature on the elastic scattering of electrons, whereas the imaginary part of the (complex) atomic form factor, fc = fr + ifi, describes the influence of temperature on the inelastic scattering of electrons (i.e. absorption). In HRTEM simulations, two possible ways to include absorption are: (i) an approximate method in which absorption is described by a phenomenological constant, μ, i.e. fi; - μfr, with the real part of the atomic form factor, fr, obtained from Hartree-Fock calculations, (ii) a more accurate method in which the absorptive components, fi of the atomic form factor are explicitly calculated. In this contribution, the inclusion of both the Debye-Waller factor and absorption on HRTEM images of a (Oll)-oriented GaAs crystal are presented (using the EMS software.Fig. 1 shows the the amplitudes and phases of the dominant 111 beams as a function of the specimen thickness, t, for the cases when μ = 0 (i.e. no absorption, solid line) and μ = 0.1 (with absorption, dashed line).

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