scholarly journals Impact of Human–Animal Interactions on Psychological and Physiological Factors Associated With Veterinary School Students and Donkeys

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elpida Artemiou ◽  
Pippa Hutchison ◽  
Marcus Machado ◽  
Daria Ellis ◽  
Jennifer Bradtke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Learning ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
School Students ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Veterinary School ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
State Worry ◽  
Remote Learning

There has been an increased interest in evaluating human–animal interactions and assessing the mutual health and wellbeing. In this study, first-year female and male veterinary school students not paired (n = 58) or paired (n = 25) with immature (≤9 mo) donkeys (n = 13) were engaged in three different types of interactions (1st, hands-off remote learning, 2nd, hands-on passive learning, and 3rd, hands-on active learning) for 30 min each during Week 2 (Time 1), Weeks 5–8 (Time 2), and Week 12 (Time 3) over three, 15-week periods. Student psychological data involved the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) scores collected from the interactive (student-donkey pairs) and non-interactive (no student-donkey pairs) groups and modified Comfort from Companion Animals Scale (CCAS) scores collected from the interactive group during Times 1, 2, and 3. Donkey physiological data involved collection of saliva within 10 min pre- and post-interaction during Times 1, 2, and 3 in association with the different types of interactions for immunoanalysis of cortisol. There were no significant effects of the various times and types of interactions on CCAS scores. While there were no significant effects of group and types of interactions on PSWQ scores, there was an effect (P = 0.01) of time. Overall mean PSWQ scores were significantly lower during Week 12 versus Week 2. Correspondingly, while there were no effects pre- vs. post-interaction within or among times on saliva cortisol concentrations in donkeys, there was an effect (P = 0.02) of the type of interaction. Mean concentrations were significantly lower with the hands-on passive and hands-on active learning versus the hands-off remote learning. In conclusion, while this study provides preliminary evidence surrounding student donkey interactions, future studies are required with more comprehensive designs to clarify these benefits and better understand the advantages and challenges surrounding student-donkey interactions.

How do high school students teach geosciences to elementary students?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Larose
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
School Students ◽  
Earthquake Resistant ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Different Types

<p>I am Biology and Geology teacher in a high school and I teach for students between 15 and 18 years old. Geosciences are not very easy to understand because the concepts are complex. I try to interest my students by using different pedagogical materials including hands-on. At the end of the course, to make sure that they have a good understanding, I sometimes organize a meeting between my students and the children of a primary school. It is a way to assess them because if they are able to explain some geological issues to young children, they must before understand them.</p><p>Before the meeting, the elementary school teacher and I did an educational notebook for young children. We have planned 5 activities on the topic "plate tectonics"</p><ul><li>Explosive and effusive volcanism : children identify different types of volcanism by watching two short videos</li> <li>Study the volcanic rocks : children observe the rocks and look under a polarizing microscope</li> <li>Earthquake-resistant buildings: children use a model to understand how a building can withstand an earthquake</li> <li>The different kind of faults: children use a model to create different types of faults.</li> <li>Identify the movement of Plate tectonics: children use software to do this exercise</li> </ul><p>The meeting lasted two hours. It was a great moment for all the students. My student's job was to help the youngest to answer the questions on their notebooks. They had to explain clearly and simply and it was a very interesting exercise for them because they needed knowledge to do it. Young students asked a lot of questions, they were very curious and interested in this topic.</p><p>Here is an article in French. http://svt.spip.ac-rouen.fr/spip.php?article396</p><p> </p>

A Basic Microbiology Course for High School Students

2010 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 485-488
Author(s):  
Cheng-Wai Yip
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Serial Dilution ◽  
School Students ◽  
Modes Of Action ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Microbiological Techniques

I describe a 5-day basic microbiology enrichment course for high school students. In this course, students learn microbiological techniques such as preparation of agar plates, isolation of bacteria from food, serial dilution, and plating. Additionally, they experience the steps involved in the identification of an unknown bacterium and learn about the modes of action of common antibiotics against different types of bacteria. Feedback indicates that this course provided invaluable lessons and experiences for students who had no prior hands-on experience with microorganisms.

Molecular Modeling as the Spark for Active Learning Approaches for Interdisciplinary Biology Teaching

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Taly ◽  
Francesco Nitti ◽  
Marc Baaden ◽  
samuela pasquali
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Molecular Modeling ◽  
Active Learning ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Poster Presentation ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Origin Of Life

<div>We present here an interdisciplinary workshop on the subject of biomolecules offered to undergraduate and high-school students with the aim of boosting their interest toward all areas of science contributing to the study of life. The workshop involves Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Computer Science and Biology. Based on our own areas of research, molecular modeling is chosen as central axis as it involves all disciplines. In order to provide a strong biological motivation for the study of the dynamics of biomolecules, the theme of the workshop is the origin of life. </div><div>All sessions are built around active pedagogies, including games, and a final poster presentation.</div>

scholarly journals How to measure uncertainty in uncertainty sampling for active learning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vu-Linh Nguyen ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Shaker ◽  
Eyke Hüllermeier
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Active Learning ◽  
Sampling Strategies ◽  
Total Uncertainty ◽  
Uncertainty Sampling ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Active Learner ◽  
Probabilistic Nature ◽  
Different Sources

AbstractVarious strategies for active learning have been proposed in the machine learning literature. In uncertainty sampling, which is among the most popular approaches, the active learner sequentially queries the label of those instances for which its current prediction is maximally uncertain. The predictions as well as the measures used to quantify the degree of uncertainty, such as entropy, are traditionally of a probabilistic nature. Yet, alternative approaches to capturing uncertainty in machine learning, alongside with corresponding uncertainty measures, have been proposed in recent years. In particular, some of these measures seek to distinguish different sources and to separate different types of uncertainty, such as the reducible (epistemic) and the irreducible (aleatoric) part of the total uncertainty in a prediction. The goal of this paper is to elaborate on the usefulness of such measures for uncertainty sampling, and to compare their performance in active learning. To this end, we instantiate uncertainty sampling with different measures, analyze the properties of the sampling strategies thus obtained, and compare them in an experimental study.

scholarly journals Design of a structure model set for inorganic compounds based on ping-pong balls linked with snap buttons

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Horikoshi ◽  
Hiroyuki Higashino ◽  
Yoji Kobayashi ◽  
Hiroshi Kageyama
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Coordination Compounds ◽  
Periodic Structures ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
School Students ◽  
Model Sets ◽  
Ping Pong ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Model Set

Abstract Structure model sets for inorganic compounds are generally expensive; their distribution to all students in a class is therefore usually impractical. We have therefore developed a structure model set to illustrate inorganic compounds. The set is constructed with inexpensive materials: ping-pong balls, and snap buttons. The structure model set can be used to illustrate isomerism in coordination compounds and periodic structures of ceramic perovskites. A hands-on activity using the structure model set was developed for high school students and was well-received by them. Despite the concepts being slightly advanced for them, the students’ retention of the knowledge gained through the activity was tested a week after they completed the activity and was found to be relatively high, demonstrating the usefulness of the activity based on the structure model set.

The Importance of the Posterolateral Area of the Diaphragm Muscle for Palpation and for the Treatment of Manual Osteopathic Medicine

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Bruno Bordoni ◽  
Stevan Walkowski ◽  
Allan Escher ◽  
Bruno Ducoux
Keyword(s):  
Functional Anatomy ◽  
Diaphragm Muscle ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physical Aspect ◽  
Osteopathic Medicine ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Solid Foundation

The eupneic act in healthy subjects involves a coordinated combination of functional anatomy and neurological activation. Neurologically, a central pattern generator, the components of which are distributed between the brainstem and the spinal cord, are hypothesized to drive the process and are modeled mathematically. A functionally anatomical approach is easier to understand although just as complex. Osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) is part of osteopathic medicine, which has many manual techniques to approach the human body, trying to improve the patient’s homeostatic response. The principle on which OMT is based is the stimulation of self-healing processes, researching the intrinsic physiological mechanisms of the person, taking into consideration not only the physical aspect, but also the emotional one and the context in which the patient lives. This article reviews how the diaphragm muscle moves, with a brief discussion on anatomy and the respiratory neural network. The goal is to highlight the critical issues of OMT on the correct positioning of the hands on the posterolateral area of the diaphragm around the diaphragm, trying to respect the existing scientific anatomical-physiological data, and laying a solid foundation for improving the data obtainable from future research. The correctness of the position of the operator’s hands in this area allows a more effective palpatory perception and, consequently, a probably more incisive result on the respiratory function.

scholarly journals The Influence of Human–Animal Interactions on Mental and Physical Health during the First COVID-19 Lockdown Phase in the U.K.: A Qualitative Exploration

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Shoesmith ◽  
Lion Shahab ◽  
Dimitra Kale ◽  
Daniel S. Mills ◽  
Catherine Reeve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Human Animal Interaction ◽  
Animal Interaction ◽  
The Impact

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic presents an opportunity to explore the role of animals as sources of emotional and physical support during a period when most of the population is experiencing social and environmental challenges. We investigated how companion animal owners perceived the influence of human–animal interaction on their physical and mental health during the first COVID-19 lockdown phase in the U.K., and what concerns they had regarding their animals at this time. We also explored the impact of participants’ interaction with non-companion animals during this phase. A cross-sectional online survey of U.K. residents aged over 18 was conducted between April and June 2020. The final item of the survey invited open-ended free-text responses, allowing participants to describe any experiences and/or perceptions of their human–animal relationships during the COVID-19 lockdown phase. A qualitative thematic analysis of responses was undertaken. Four main themes related to the following aspects of human–animal interactions during the COVID-19 lockdown phase were identified: the positive impact of animal ownership during the COVID-19 lockdown (e.g., amelioration of wellbeing and mental health), concerns relating to animal ownership during the COVID-19 lockdown (e.g., concerns over animals carrying the COVID-19 virus), grief and loss of an animal during the COVID-19 lockdown and the impact of engaging with non-companion animals during the COVID-19 lockdown. The findings complement and extend previous insights into the impact of human–animal interaction with both companion and non-companion animals. They also highlight the challenges of caring for an animal during the lockdown phase and indicate the need to consider the development of further targeted support strategies, such as “day care” for the companion animals of key workers in this context.

Relationship Between Different Types of Violence and Mental Health in High School Students From Northern Mexico

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110219
Author(s):  
Oscar Armando Esparza-Del Villar ◽  
Sarah Margarita Chavez-Valdez ◽  
Priscila Montañez-Alvarado ◽  
Marisela Gutiérrez-Vega ◽  
Teresa Gutiérrez-Rosado
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
School Students ◽  
Social Violence ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Different types of violence have been present in Mexico but there have been few studies that have analyzed their relationship with mental health in adolescents, especially in cities with high rates of social violence. It is important to compare different violence types and their relationship with mental health since not all relationships are the same. It appears that social violence has a stronger relationship with mental health, and for this reason it receives more attention, but other types of violence have a stronger relationship and do not receive as much attention. Chihuahua has been one of the most violent states in Mexico, and Juarez has been the most violent city in the world in 2009 and 2010. The purpose of the study is to compare the relationship of different types of violence (social, cyberbullying, partner violence, and child abuse and neglect) with mental health indicators (depression, anxiety, stress, self-esteem, and paranoid thoughts). There were 526 high school students, from the cities of Juarez ( n = 282) and Chihuahua ( n = 244). The mean age was 16.5 ( SD = 1.4) years and 50.6% reported being males. The relationships among the variables were analyzed using Pearson’s correlations and multiple linear regressions. Both cities that have experienced social violence like carjacking, kidnapping, and sexual assault, but they have very small or no relationships with mental health indicators. Other types of violence have stronger correlations. Our findings suggest that interventions should not focus only in preventing and dealing with social violence, but that other types of violence must also be addressed in adolescents.

scholarly journals The Perceived Impact of The First UK Covid-19 Lockdown on Companion Animal Welfare and Behaviour: A Mixed-Method Study of Associations with Owner Mental Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6171
Author(s):  
Emily Shoesmith ◽  
Luciana Santos de Assis ◽  
Lion Shahab ◽  
Elena Ratschen ◽  
Paul Toner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Companion Animal ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Human Animal

Background: Companion animals may be a positive presence for their owners during the Covid-19 pandemic. However, the welfare of a companion animal is strongly influenced by the behaviour of their owners, as well as their physical and social environment. We aimed to investigate the reported changes in companion animal welfare and behaviour and to examine the association between these changes and companion animal owners’ mental health. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey of UK residents over 18 years of age was conducted between April and June 2020 (n = 5926). The questionnaire included validated, bespoke items measuring outcomes related to mental health, human-animal bonds and reported changes in animal welfare and behaviour. The final item of the survey invited open-ended free-text responses, allowing participants to describe experiences associated with human-animal relationships during the first UK lockdown phase. Results: Animal owners made up 89.8% of the sample (n = 5323), of whom 67.3% reported changes in their animal’s welfare and behaviour during the first lockdown phase (n = 3583). These reported changes were reduced to a positive (0–7) and negative (0–5) welfare scale, following principal component analysis (PCA) of 17 items. Participants reported more positive changes for cats, whereas more negative changes were reported for dogs. Thematic analysis identified three main themes relating to the positive and negative impact on companion animals of the Covid-19 pandemic. Generalised linear models indicated that companion animal owners with poorer mental health scores pre-lockdown reported fewer negative changes in animal welfare and behaviour. However, companion animal owners with poorer mental health scores since lockdown reported more changes, both positive and negative, in animal welfare and behaviour. Conclusion: Our findings extend previous insights into perceived welfare and behaviour changes on a very limited range of species to a wider a range of companion animals. Owner mental health status has a clear, albeit small, effect on companion animal welfare and behaviour.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document