scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles and Genes in Streptococcus uberis Associated With Bovine Mastitis in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingrui Zhang ◽  
Guoyi Niu ◽  
Sukolrat Boonyayatra ◽  
Duangporn Pichpol
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Stewardship Program ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Mastitis Pathogens

Streptococcus uberis is recognized as an environmental mastitis pathogen in dairy cattle. The varied success rate of antibiotic treatment for S. uberis intramammary infection may be associated with the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of these bacteria. This observational study aimed to analyze 228 S. uberis strains associated with bovine mastitis in northern Thailand from 2010 to 2017. AMR and AMR genes were determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using a microdilution method and polymerase chain reaction, respectively. The majority of S. uberis strains were resistant to tetracycline (187/228, 82.02%), followed by ceftiofur (44/228, 19.30%), and erythromycin (19/228, 8.33%). The MIC50 and MIC90 of ceftiofur in 2017 were 2–4-fold higher than those in 2010 (P < 0.01). Resistance to tetracycline and ceftiofur significantly increased between 2010 and 2017 (P < 0.05). The most common gene detected in S. uberis was tetM (199/228, 87.28%), followed by ermB (151/228, 66.23 %) and blaZ (15/228, 6.58 %). The association between tetracycline resistance and tetM detection was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The detection rates of tetM significantly increased, while the detection rates of tetO and ermB significantly decreased during 2010–2017. AMR monitoring for bovine mastitis pathogens, especially S. uberis, is necessary to understand the trend of AMR among mastitis pathogens, which can help create an AMR stewardship program for dairy farms in Thailand.

scholarly journals A Novel Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for the Detection of Seven Mycoplasma Species of Cattle Origin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyhmirn Lai ◽  
Hengching Lin ◽  
Peichuan Hsu ◽  
Satoshi Gondaira ◽  
Hidetoshi Higuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Mycoplasma Species ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
The Common ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Mastitis Pathogens

Abstract The aim of this study was to develop a pair of primers for detecting ruminant mycoplasma pathogens. We designed a set of primers based on the most similar sequences within 16sRNA regions of seven Mycoplasma spp. These primers have high sensitivity for detecting Mycoplasma dispar, M. arginine, M. canadense, M. bovis, M. alkalescens, M. californicum, and M. bovisgenitalium within the annealing temperature range of 46°C to 48°C. The minimum amount of DNA that can be detected using the protocol is 250 ng, which is equivalent to 2,000 cfu/mL. The primers can detect mycoplasma from DNA extracted directly from milk samples. The common bovine mastitis pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus coagulase-negative staphylococci, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus uberis, Klebiella pneumonia, Korucia rosea, and Acholeplasma spp. were not detected by the primers. We believe the high sensitivity and specificity of these primers make them useful for detecting infection with seven Mycoplasma species in ruminants, allowing the primers to be used in clinical settings.

scholarly journals A Novel Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for the Detection of Seven Mycoplasma Species of Cattle Origin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyhmirn Lai ◽  
Hengching Lin ◽  
Peichuan Hsu ◽  
Satoshi Gondaira ◽  
Hidetoshi Higuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Mycoplasma Species ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
The Common ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Mastitis Pathogens

Abstract The aim of this study was to develop a pair of primers for detecting ruminant mycoplasma pathogens. We designed a set of primers based on the most similar sequences within 16sRNA regions of seven Mycoplasma spp. These primers have high sensitivity for detecting Mycoplasma dispar, M. arginine, M. canadense, M. bovis, M. alkalescens, M. californicum, and M. bovisgenitalium within the annealing temperature range of 46°C to 48°C. The minimum amount of DNA that can be detected using the protocol is 250 ng, which is equivalent to 2,000 cfu/mL. The primers can detect mycoplasma from DNA extracted directly from milk samples. The common bovine mastitis pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus coagulase-negative staphylococci, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus uberis, Klebiella pneumonia, Korucia rosea, and Acholeplasma spp. were not detected by the primers. We believe the high sensitivity and specificity of these primers make them useful for detecting infection with seven Mycoplasma species in ruminants, allowing the primers to be used in clinical settings.

scholarly journals Influence of nutrient availability on in vitro growth of major bovine mastitis pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Remo Stürmlin ◽  
Josef J. Gross ◽  
Olga Wellnitz ◽  
Lea A. Wagner ◽  
Camille Monney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Mastitis Pathogens

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of milk composition changes on the in vitro growth of bovine mastitis pathogens. Nutritional requirements of three major bovine mastitis pathogens Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Streptococcus uberis (S. uberis) were investigated in vitro. We used ultra-high temperature (UHT) treated milk with different contents of fat, protein, and carbohydrates to test the influence of the availability of various milk constituents on pathogen growth characteristics. Additionally, the bacterial growth was investigated under experimentally modified nutrient availability by dilution and subsequent supplementation with individual nutrients (carbohydrates, different nitrogen sources, minerals, and different types of B vitamins) either to milk or to a conventional medium (thioglycolate broth, TB). Varying contents of fat, protein or lactose did not affect bacterial growth with the exception of growth of S. uberis being promoted in protein-enriched milk. The addition of nutrients to diluted whole milk and TB partly revealed different effects, indicating that there are media-specific growth limiting factors after dilution. Supplementation of minerals to diluted milk did not affect growth rates of all studied bacteria. Bacterial growth in diluted whole milk was decreased by the addition of high concentrations of amino acids in S. aureus, and by urea and additional B vitamins in E. coli and S. aureus. The growth rate of S. uberis was increased by the addition of B vitamins to diluted whole milk. The present results demonstrate that growth-limiting nutrients differ among pathogen types. Because reduced bacterial growth was only shown in diluted milk or TB, it is unlikely that alterations in nutrient availability occurring as a consequence of physiological changes of milk composition in the cow's udder would directly affect the susceptibility or course of bovine mastitis.

scholarly journals Sequence Types and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Streptococcus uberis Isolated From Bovine Mastitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Käppeli ◽  
Marina Morach ◽  
Katrin Zurfluh ◽  
Sabrina Corti ◽  
Magdalena Nüesch-Inderbinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Sequence Types

Efficacy of a teat dip containing the bacteriocin lacticin 3147 to eliminate Gram-positive pathogens associated with bovine mastitis

2009 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Klostermann ◽  
Fiona Crispie ◽  
Jim Flynn ◽  
William J Meaney ◽  
R Paul Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Lacticin 3147 ◽  
Mastitis Pathogens ◽  
Teat Canal

On most dairy farms teat dips are applied to the teats of cows either before or after milking in order to prevent pathogens from gaining access to the mammary gland via the teat canal. In the present experiments, a natural teat dip was developed using a fermentate containing the live bacteriumLactococcus lactisDPC 3251. This bacterium produces lacticin 3147, a two-component lantibiotic which was previously shown to effectively kill Gram-positive mastitis pathogens. Lacticin 3147 activity in the fermentate was retained at 53% of its original level following storage for 3 weeks at 4°C. In the initial experiments in vitro, 105colony-forming units/ml (cfu/ml) of eitherStaphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus dysgalactiaeorStreptococcus uberiswere introduced into the lacticin-containing fermentate. NeitherStaph. aureusnorStr. dysgalactiaecould be detected after 30 min or 15 min, respectively, whileStr. uberiswas reduced approximately 100-fold after 15 min. Following these trials, preliminary experiments were performed in vivo on teats of lactating dairy cows. In these experiments, teats were coated with each of the challenge organisms and then dipped with the lacticin-containing fermented teat dip. Following a dip contact time of 10 min, staphylococci were reduced by 80% when compared with the undipped control teat. Streptococcal challenges were reduced by 97% forStr. dysgalactiaeand by 90% forStr. uberis. These trials showed that the teat dip is able to reduce mastitis pathogens on the teats of lactating cows.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities of Acetic Acid against Major and Minor Pathogens Isolated from Mastitis in Dairy Cows

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 961
Author(s):  
Noppason Pangprasit ◽  
Anyaphat Srithanasuwan ◽  
Witaya Suriyasathaporn ◽  
Surachai Pikulkaew ◽  
John K. Bernard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Culture Broth ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Mastitis Pathogens

The present study evaluated the antimicrobial activities of acetic acid against bovine mastitis pathogens compared to lactic acid and lauric and caprylic saturated fatty acids. Eleven mastitis pathogens were isolated from sub-clinical and clinical bovine mastitis cases for the study. An initial screening of their antibacterial activities by agar well diffusion method was performed. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of each acid were obtained using a microdilution method; each acid was diluted from stock solution and then were diluted with culture broth to reach concentrations ranging from 4 to 0.004% w/v. The results showed acetic acid had the highest zone of inhibition against all pathogens except Escherichia coli compared with lauric and caprylic acids. The MIC and MBC were lowest for acetic acid against both Gram-positive (except Staphylococcus chromogenes from the coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) group) and Gram-negative pathogens, intermediate for lactic and caprylic acids and greatest for lauric acid. In conclusion, acetic acid had antimicrobial activities against most mastitis pathogens compared with other acids. Further studies are needed to optimize the formulation and concentration of acetic acid for teat-dipping agent in the future.

scholarly journals Trueperella pyogenes Isolates from Livestock and European Bison (Bison bonasus) as a Reservoir of Tetracycline Resistance Determinants

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Ewelina Kwiecień ◽  
Ilona Stefańska ◽  
Dorota Chrobak-Chmiel ◽  
Magdalena Kizerwetter-Świda ◽  
Agata Moroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
European Bison ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Bison Bonasus ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance Genes ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Trueperella Pyogenes ◽  
Microdilution Method

Determinants of tetracycline resistance in Trueperella pyogenes are still poorly known. In this study, resistance to tetracycline was investigated in 114 T. pyogenes isolates from livestock and European bison. Tetracycline minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was evaluated by a microdilution method, and tetracycline resistance genes were detected by PCR. To determine variants of tetW and their linkage with mobile elements, sequencing analysis was performed. Among the studied isolates, 43.0% were tetracycline resistant (MIC ≥ 8 µg/mL). The highest MIC90 of tetracycline (32 µg/mL) was noted in bovine and European bison isolates. The most prevalent determinant of tetracycline resistance was tetW (in 40.4% of isolates), while tetA(33) was detected only in 8.8% of isolates. Four variants of tetW (tetW-1, tetW-2, tetW-3, tetW-4) were recognized. The tetW-3 variant was the most frequent and was linked to the ATE-1 transposon. The tetW-2 variant, found in a swine isolate, was not previously reported in T. pyogenes. This is the first report on determinants of tetracycline resistance in T. pyogenes isolates from European bison. These findings highlight that wild animals, including wild ruminants not treated with antimicrobials, can be a reservoir of tetracycline-resistant bacteria carrying resistance determinants, which may be easily spread among pathogenic and environmental microorganisms.

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