scholarly journals Institutionalisation and implementation of the selected participatory instruments. The case of Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (57) ◽  
pp. 113-134
Author(s):  
Anna Kołomycew
Keyword(s):  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Rational Choice ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
New Institutionalism ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Final Part ◽  
The Third ◽  
Rational Choice Institutionalism ◽  
Depth Interviews

The article traces the process of the institutionalisation of selected elements of the mechanisms of public participation, whose consequence was the unification of the rules of implementation and formalisation. The process, however, did not result in an increase in civic engagement on the part of the citizens of all the territorial units under consideration. The article presents the outcome of both quantitative and qualitative (in-depth interviews) research conducted by the author in Polish municipalities. The theoretical framework of the article is provided by ‘new institutionalism’, and especially by ‘rational choice institutionalism’. The structure of the article is as follows: the first part focuses on the principles of new institutionalism with reference to the mechanisms of public participation. The second part presents a succinct analysis of the step-by-step institutionalisation of selected participatory mechanisms that have ensued in recent years. The third part contains a methodological overview of empirical research, while the fourth, and final, part includes the outcome of the research and its interpretation.

scholarly journals Evolutionary institutionalism

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Fürstenberg
Keyword(s):  
Rational Choice ◽  
Political Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Genetics ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Institutional Stability ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ecosystem Effects ◽  
Choice Analysis ◽  
Rational Choice Institutionalism ◽  
Agency And Structure

Background. Institutions are hard to define and hard to study. Long prominent in political science have been two theories: Rational Choice Institutionalism (RCI) and Historical Institutionalism (HI). Arising from the life sciences is now a third: Evolutionary Institutionalism (EI). Comparative strengths and weaknesses of these three theories warrant review, and the value-to-be-added by expanding the third beyond Darwinian evolutionary theory deserves consideration.Question.Should evolutionary institutionalism expand to accommodate new understanding in ecology, such as might apply to the emergence of stability, and in genetics, such as might apply to political behavior?Methods.Core arguments are reviewed for each theory with more detailed exposition of the third, EI. Particular attention is paid to EI’s gene-institution analogy; to variation, selection, and retention of institutional traits; to endogeneity and exogeneity; to agency and structure; and to ecosystem effects, institutional stability, and empirical limitations in behavioral genetics.Findings.RCI, HI, and EI are distinct but complementary.Conclusions. Institutional change, while amenable to rational-choice analysis and, retrospectively, to critical-juncture and path-dependency analysis, is also, and importantly, ecological. Stability, like change, is an emergent property of institutions, which tend to stabilize after change in a manner analogous to allopatric speciation. EI is more than metaphorically biological in that institutional behaviors are driven by human behaviors whose evolution long preceded the appearance of institutions themselves.

scholarly journals Action, Enaction, Inter(en)action

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Schiavio
Keyword(s):  
Embodied Cognition ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Electronic Music ◽  
Music Perception ◽  
Music Cognition ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Sense Making ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
The Third ◽  
Insight Into

<p>Leman and Maes offer a comprehensive review of the main theoretical and empirical themes covered by the research on <em>music</em> and <em>embodied cognition</em>. Their article provides an insight into the work being carried at the Institute for Psychoacoustic and Electronic Music (IPEM) of Ghent University, Belgium - in which they work - and presents a theory of the main implications of embodiment for music perception. The present paper is divided into three parts. In the first one, I will explore the conceptual topography of embodied music cognition as maintained by the authors, to see whether the empirical research proposed fits the aims of this standpoint. In the second I will argue that while Leman and Maes are right to move towards a more dynamically implemented stance, the arguments used to justify this shift seem to be inconsistent with the framework they account for. In the third and final part of this commentary I will claim that if the authors wish to dedicate their work to develop a truly embodied, sensorimotor, and dynamic account to music cognition, they would need to abandon some of the assumptions defended in their work, searching for further empirical corroboration in the concrete dynamics of interactive, or <em>participatory</em>, musical sense-making.</p>

scholarly journals Vote Buying dalam Pemilihan Kepala Desa dan Upaya Penangkalannya : Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Tabanan

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Piers Andreas Noak
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Rational Choice ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Vote Buying ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Regulatory Aspects ◽  
Rational Choice Institutionalism ◽  
The Law ◽  
Buying In

This article aims to analyze the potential for the practice of buying and selling votes or vote buying in the election of village heads or Perbekel in Tabanan Regency, Bali. This article explores regulatory aspects, views, and variations that occur in society, including efforts to reduce the practice of buying and selling votes. In recent years, in every holding of village head elections or perbekel in several areas, there are always vote buying practices and various activities. To answer this question, the study in this article uses empirical legal research which analyzes the implementation of the law regarding village head elections regulation in reality in the community with a focus on two villages in Tabanan Regency, Bali. This article uses interview and documentation for data collection techniques and uses a rational choice institutionalism framework. With this theoretical framework, it tells the empirical facts that the calculated practice of buying votes is determined by calculations that are all profitable for the candidates and the voters. The opportunity for this practice to occur is considered to be large, carried out by perbekel officers with incumbent status. There are several offers to reduce this problem, namely by using a special website that manages the election of perbekel by loading the profile of the perbekel candidates specifically to ensure the accountability of the election. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi terjadinya praktik jual beli suara atau vote buying dalam pemilihan kepala desa atau perbekel di Kabupaten Tabanan, Provinsi Bali. Artikel ini  mengeksplorasi aspek regulasi, pandangan, dan ragam benturan yang terjadi di masyarakat termasuk upaya-upaya pereduksian praktik jual beli suara tersebut. Pada beberapa tahun belakangan, pada setiap penyelenggaraan pemilihan kepala desa atau perbekel serentak pada beberapa wilayah senantiasa di ikuti oleh adanya praktik-praktik jual beli suara atau vote buying dengan beragam bentuk aktifitasnya. Untuk menjawab persoalan tersebut, studi pada artikel ini menggunakan penelitian hukum empiris dimana menganalisis implementasi hukum terkait pelaksanaan regulasi pemilihan kepala desa dalam realitasnya di masyarakat dengan fokus dua desa di Kabupaten Tabanan, Bali. Artikel ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara dan dokumentasi serta dianalisis menggunakan frame teoritik rational choice institusionalism. Melalui frame  teoritik ini memperlihatkan fakta empirik bahwa praktik vote buying  dianggap turut ditentukan oleh kalkulasi-kalkulasi yang serba menguntungkan baik bagi kalangan kandidat maupun masyarakat pemilihnya. Peluang terjadinya praktik ini dianggap berpotensi besar dilakukan oknum perbekel yang berstatus incumbent. Terdapat beberapa tawaran mereduksi persoalan ini , yaitu dengan pemanfaatan website khusus yang mengelola pemilihan perbekel dengan memuat profil perbekel secara khusus untuk menjamin akuntabilitas pemilihan.

Rational Choice and its Limits for the Solution of Social and Legal Problems

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-54
Author(s):  
Simon Deakin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Learning ◽  
Rational Choice ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Law And Economics ◽  
Collective Learning ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Third ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
Alternative Approaches

This chapter addresses a number of methodological issues arising from the behavioural turn in law and economics and its claim to have established more realistic foundations for both positive and normative analysis. The first is whether models are necessarily better for being more realistic. Friedman’s proposal that the less realistic a model, the more useful it is as a basis for the identification of hypotheses, is rejected on the grounds that this is liable to direct research down fruitless or even erroneous paths. However, models such as the rationality axiom remain approximations of reality, not revealed truths. This leads on to a consideration of the second issue which is whether behavioural research should lead us to reject the rationality axiom. The claim that human beings are systematically wrong in their decision making is shown to be theoretically unsound and empirically unproven. Rather, theory and empirics alike suggest that rationality has a basis in social learning and institutional framing. The third issue concerns the normative conclusions to be drawn from behavioural law and economics. It is suggested that empirical research does not justify privileging ‘libertarian paternalism’ over alternative approaches to law and regulation. In the era of surveillance capitalism and the panoptic state, it is more than timely to reflect on the merits of collective learning and participatory decision making, democratic practices with adaptive qualities neglected by behavioural law and economics.

scholarly journals Municipal management in the south of Russia: managerial tools ensuring efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (Extra-E) ◽  
pp. 607-613
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V. Dyatlov ◽  
Vitaly V. Kovalev ◽  
Svetlana A. Tikhonovskova ◽  
Elena L. Kharitonova
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Rational Choice ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Rational Choice Theory ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Third ◽  
Municipal Management ◽  
Rational Alternative

To establish the potential opportunities to achieve more efficiency of municipal management in the theory and practice of using the tools of state managerialism. This article uses rational choice theory, which is based on the idea of three forms of capital: physical, human and social. These forms are transformed into a set of resources used by the actor to achieve the goal in the process of choosing the most rational alternative. There was the research and presentation of its results on the third empirical indicator. The empirical research was carried out for the practical use of the developed theoretical model. Substantively this research will focus on such aspects of the activities of self-governments as work for indicators, management in the form of service delivery, restructuring of government bodies, effectiveness of interaction with civic activists and business communities.

DISCRESSION OF THE SAMPLE RESORTS POLICE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW PERSPECTIVE INVESTIGATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Tamrin Muchsin ◽  
Sri Sudono Saliro ◽  
Nahot Tua Parlindungan Sihaloho ◽  
Sardjana Orba Manullang
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Criminal Investigation ◽  
Accurate Data ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews

It is still found that investigating officers do not have an S1 degree or equivalent in thejurisdiction of the Sambass Resort Police as mandated in PP No. 58 of 2010 concerningAmendments to Government Regulation Number 27 of 1983 concerning theImplementation of KUHAP article 2A paragraph (1) letter a. If the requirements ofinvestigators are not fulfilled, there will automatically be limits of authority, includingthe inability to issue investigation orders, detention warrants and other administrativeletters. This study used a qualitative method with juridical empirical research. Toobtain accurate data, purposive sampling technique was used, and primary datacollection by conducting in-depth interviews. The research results found, among others:first, discretion regarding the administration of investigations in the jurisdiction of theSambas Resort Police for the Sambas District Police who do not have investigatingofficers who meet the requirements, is then taken over by the Head of the CriminalInvestigation Unit as the supervisor of the integrated criminal investigation function.Second, the impact of an integrated investigation administration causes the time tocarry out investigations to be slow due to the long distance between the Sector Policeand the Resort Police.

Retroaktive Neuverhandlung

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Martin Feige
Keyword(s):  
Original Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
The Third ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
The Relationship

Der Beitrag widmet sich der Frage historischer Folgeverhältnisse in der Kunst. Gegenüber dem Gedanken, dass es ein ursprüngliches Werk in der Reihe von Werken gibt, das späteren Werken seinen Sinn gibt, schlägt der Text vor, das Verhältnis umgekehrt zu denken: Im Lichte späterer Werke wird der Sinn früherer Werke neu ausgehandelt. Dazu geht der Text in drei Schritten vor. Im ersten Teil formuliert er unter der Überschrift ›Form‹ in kritischer Abgrenzung zu Danto und Eco mit Adorno den Gedanken, dass Kunstwerke eigensinnig konstituierte Gegenstände sind. Die im Gedanken der Neuverhandlung früherer Werke im Lichte späterer Werke vorausgesetzte Unbestimmtheit des Sinns von Kunstwerken wird im zweiten Teil unter dem Schlagwort ›Zeitlichkeit‹ anhand des Paradigmas der Improvisation erörtert. Der dritte und letzte Teil wendet diese improvisatorische Logik unter dem Label ›Neuaushandlung‹ dann dezidiert auf das Verhältnis von Vorbild und Nachbild an. The article proposes a new understanding of historical succession in the realm of art. In contrast to the idea that there is an original work in the series of works that gives meaning to the works that come later, the text proposes to think it exactly the other way round: in the light of later works, the meanings of earlier works are renegotiated. The text proceeds in three steps to develop this idea. Under the heading ›Form‹ it develops in the first part a critical reading of Danto’s and Eco’s notion of the constitution of the artworks and argues with Adorno that each powerful work develops its own language. In the second part, the vagueness of the meaning of works of art presupposed in the idea of renegotiating earlier works in the light of later works is discussed under the term ›Temporality‹ in terms of the logic of improvisation. The third and final part uses this improvisational logic under the label ›Renegotiation‹ to understand the relationship between model and afterimage in the realm of art.

Anthropology and Theology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas J. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Final Part ◽  
The Third

This tripartite chapter calls for a creative approach that engages diverse themes while striving for satisfying resolutions of disciplinary tensions between anthropology and theology. It calls for this even if these resolutions are not achieved. The first part, entitled “Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Dialogue,” is heavily autobiographical, and offers a case study of reflexivity, excusing its indulgence in biographical reflection on account of its intention to pinpoint the very particular and contextual nature of idea development. The second part, headed “Further Conversation Pieces,” picks up just such ideas open to anthropological–theological conversation, including a cautionary gloss on the over-easy use of anthropology and theology as discrete terms. The third and final part, described as “Disciplinary Quandaries,” takes some of these formal classifications of disciplines further and also brings together some personal and institutional factors surrounding both anthropological and theological practice.

Dilthey und einige Folgen

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 370-385
Author(s):  
Hans-Harald Müller ◽  
Mirko Nottscheid
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Research Program ◽  
The Third

AbstractThe first part of our text analyzes Dilthey’s seminal lecture and essay Archives of Literature in the context of his endeavors to form a philosophically founded empirical research program for the humanities. The second part describes the structure, aims, history, and activities of the Berliner Literatur-Archiv-Gesellschaft (LAG, 1891–1944) which was founded following Diltheyʼs essay. The third part compares the LAG with contemporary archives and archival endeavors by libraries and private collectors.

scholarly journals Is Liturgy Ludic? Distinguishing between the Phenomena of Play and Ritual

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Christina M. Gschwandtner
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Ritual Practice ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ontological Claim

What is the nature (or “Wesen”) of the liturgical phenomenon? It has become immensely popular to describe liturgical or ritual practice as a kind of “holy play,” whether as metaphor, as productive analogy for pragmatic or theological purposes, or even as making an ontological claim about what liturgy “is” in its essence. The present article seeks to complicate the association of the phenomena of liturgy and of play. The first part traces the origins of the notion of play and the development of its application to ritual in the most influential sources from Kant to Gadamer. The second part highlights its prevalence in the contemporary discussion and elucidates how it is being used. The third part provides a phenomenological analysis to demonstrate important differences between the two phenomena and to question the contention that liturgy is a form of play. The final part tries to ascertain the broader practical and theological aims being served by the association of the two phenomena and—via a return to the question of the nature of the liturgical phenomenon in a more theological mode—suggests that these aims might be accomplished more productively in ways that avoid the downsides of identifying ritual or liturgy with play.

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