scholarly journals Superhydrophobic Coatings as Anti-Icing Systems for Small Aircraft

Aerospace ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filomena Piscitelli ◽  
Antonio Chiariello ◽  
Dariusz Dabkowski ◽  
Gianluca Corraro ◽  
Francesco Marra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Work Of Adhesion ◽  
Ice Formation ◽  
Superhydrophobic Coating ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Superhydrophobic Coatings ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Reference Samples ◽  
Small Aircraft

Traditional anti-icing/de-icing systems, i.e., thermal and pneumatic, in most cases require a power consumption not always allowable in small aircraft. Therefore, the use of passive systems, able to delay the ice formation, or reduce the ice adhesion strength once formed, with no additional energy consumption, can be considered as the most promising solution to solve the problem of the ice formation, most of all, for small aircraft. In some cases, the combination of a traditional icing protection system (electrical, pneumatic, and thermal) and the passive coatings can be considered as a strategic instrument to reduce the energy consumption. The effort of the present work was to develop a superhydrophobic coating, able to reduce the surface free energy (SFE) and the work of adhesion (WA) of substrates, by a simplified and non-expensive method. The developed coating, applied as a common paint with an aerograph, is able to reduce the SFE of substrates by 99% and the WA by 94%. The effects of both chemistry and surface morphology on the wettability of surfaces were also studied. In the reference samples, the higher the roughness, the lower the SFE and the WA. In coated samples with roughness ranging from 0.4 and 3 µm no relevant variations in water contact angle, nor in SFE and WA were observed.

scholarly journals Functional Superhydrophobic Coating Systems for Possible Corrosion Mitigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah F. Jurak ◽  
◽  
Emil F. Jurak ◽  
Md. Nizam Uddin ◽  
Ramazan Asmatulu
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Superhydrophobic Coating ◽  
Sliding Angle ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Superhydrophobic Coatings ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Self Cleaning

Because of their repellent, corrosion-mitigating, anti-icing, and self-cleaning properties, superhydrophobic coatings have numerous applications from windshields to textiles. A superhydrophobic coating is defined as one having a water contact angle (WCA) greater than 150° with a surface sliding angle less than 10°, and very low hysteresis between the advancing and receding angles. Its surface exhibits the so-called “lotus leaf effect,” whereby water bounces and balls up on contact. Here, water droplets run off readily, taking along dirt and dust for a self-cleaning effect that keeps the surface dry. The chemical composition of a surface affects the WCA, which can rise to 120°, but to achieve a WCA greater than 150°, which is considered superhydrophobic, an additional micro- and nanostructural component is needed. This functional hierarchical micro- and nanomorphology is exhibited in nature by plants and insects. A superhydrophobic coating on metallic substrates promises to provide corrosion mitigation by blocking oxygen and electrolytes, which are needed for the initiation of corrosion at the surface and interface. The methods used for preparing functional superhydrophobic coatings include sol-gel processing, layer-by-layer assembly, etching, lithography, chemical and electrochemical depositions, chemical vapor deposition, electrospinning, hydrothermal synthesis, and one-pot reactions. In this work, some research studies conducted to develop robust and durable superhydrophobic coatings are discussed in detail and analyzed for possible corrosion mitigation on the surfaces of metals and alloys. Scientists, engineers, students, and other participants in automotive, aircraft, energy, defense, electronics, and other industries will benefit greatly from this work.

scholarly journals Fabrication of superhydrophobic composite coating based on fluorosilicone resin and silica nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 180598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Wang ◽  
Xingeng Li ◽  
Qingquan Lei ◽  
Yaping Wu ◽  
Wenjing Li
Keyword(s):  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Composite Coating ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Superhydrophobic Coating ◽  
Polymer Model ◽  
Modified Silica ◽  
Sliding Angle ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Modified Silica Nanoparticles

Composite superhydrophobic coating built with film former and filler is attracting much attention for its facile and convenient fabrication, but significant limitations and disadvantages still remain. In this paper, a composite superhydrophobic coating is introduced which can be cured at room temperature and made by dispersing modified silica nanoparticles with 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane in fluorosilicone resin. Silica content and dispersion time showed obvious influences on the morphology and topography of composite coating by reuniting dispersed nanoparticles to form peaks on the surface. Excessively large distances between these peaks would decrease water contact angle value. Increasing slope of peaks, appropriate distance between peaks and decreasing diameter size of peaks would diminish sliding angle value. Formation mechanism of the composite coating based on fluorosilicone resin and modified nanoparticles was explained using interpenetrating polymer model.

scholarly journals Increasing the efficiency of a Peltier device by assessing the thermal performance of liquid-cooled microchannel heat sinks

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
System Administrator ◽  
Lauren Sharpe ◽  
Navil Burhanuddin ◽  
Tiana Majcan ◽  
Jonathan Rebolledo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Heat Sinks ◽  
Peltier Effect ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Specific Flow ◽  
Operating Current ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Peltier Device ◽  
Vital Resource

Water is, arguably, Earth's most valuable and vital resource. Devices that extract water from the atmosphere have been intensely researched as a means of harvesting potable water in environments where it is otherwise scarce. One such device is a Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC); a device that utilises the Peltier effect to cool a system. TECs are a promising solution for atmospheric water generation (AWG) over their competitors due to their simplicity and refrigeration capabilities. Despite these advantages, TECs are still considered mostly inefficient as they demand relatively high costs and energy consumption. This meta-analysis focuses on optimising the efficiency of small-scale Peltier devices. It explores the means of optimising the liquid cooled heat sink by using a specific flow field microchannel configuration such that less pumping power is required to push the coolant and more energy can be saved. A combination of optimal operating current of the Peltier device and of a novel flow liquid-cooled microchannel heatsink configuration with bifurcated fins using Galinstan as a coolant promises a significant increase in water production per unit of energy consumption for the AWG system.

Facile preparation of self-healing waterborne superhydrophobic coatings based on fluoroalkyl silane-loaded microcapsules

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (59) ◽  
pp. 53949-53954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingqing Rao ◽  
Kunlin Chen ◽  
Chaoxia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Titania Nanoparticles ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Superhydrophobic Coating ◽  
Superhydrophobic Coatings ◽  
Facile Preparation

A self-healing waterborne superhydrophobic coating comprising polysiloxane latex, microcapsules, fluorinated silica and photocatalytic titania nanoparticles shows self-repairing ability after mechanical damage or oily contaminations.

Additional Energy Dissipation of Vehicles on a Gradient Road

2013 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 2304-2307
Author(s):  
Rui Ling Yu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption Model ◽  
Consumption Model

The additional energy consumption model of vehicles on a gradient road is introduced in this paper. The numerical simulation of the model shows that the additional energy consumption varies with the different slope. Larger solpe means less additional energy loss on a uphhill road while it is the contrary tendency on the downhill road. The analysis of the simulation result is consistent with the actual.

Fabrication of transparent, durable and self-cleaning superhydrophobic coatings for solar cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (34) ◽  
pp. 14481-14489
Author(s):  
Zihui Liang ◽  
Zezhu Zhou ◽  
Li Zhao ◽  
Binghai Dong ◽  
Shimin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
Adhesive Force ◽  
Superhydrophobic Coating ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Excellent Thermal Stability ◽  
High Transparency ◽  
Superhydrophobic Coatings

A superhydrophobic coating with high transparency and ultrahigh adhesive force is prepared for application on the glass covers of solar cells, which also exhibits excellent thermal stability and strong acid–base corrosion resistance.

Bioinspired hierarchically hairy particles for robust superhydrophobic coatings via a droplet dynamic template method

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongmei Lv ◽  
Li Sheng ◽  
Jiping Wan ◽  
Jianwei Dong ◽  
Hongsheng Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Template Method ◽  
Superhydrophobic Coating ◽  
Superhydrophobic Coatings ◽  
Dynamic Template

Bioinspired hierarchically hairy particles are prepared by using initiator droplets as dynamic templates to achieve a robust superhydrophobic coating.

scholarly journals Degradation of Hydrophobic, Anti-Soiling Coatings for Solar Module Cover Glass

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3811
Author(s):  
Fabiana Lisco ◽  
Farwah Bukhari ◽  
Soňa Uličná ◽  
Kenan Isbilir ◽  
Kurt L. Barth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incident Light ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Cover Glass ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Hydrophobic Coatings ◽  
Low Surface Energy ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Promising Solution

Soiling of solar module cover glass is a serious problem for solar asset managers. It causes a reduction in power output due to attenuation of the incident light, and reduces the return on investment. Regular cleaning is required to mitigate the effect but this is a costly procedure. The application of transparent hydrophobic, anti-soiling coatings to the cover glass is a promising solution. These coatings have low surface energy and contaminants do not adhere well. Even if soiling does remain on the coated surface, it is much more easily removed during cleaning. The performance of the coatings is determined using the water contact angle and roll-off angle measurements. However, although hydrophobic coatings hold out great promise, outdoor testing revealed degradation that occurs surprisingly quickly. In this study, we report on results using laboratory-based damp heat and UV exposure environmental tests. We used SEM surface imaging and XPS surface chemical analysis to study the mechanisms that lead to coating degradation. Loss of surface fluorine from the coatings was observed and this appeared to be a major issue. Loss of nanoparticles was also observed. Blistering of surfaces also occurs, leading to loss of coating material. This was probably due to the movement of retained solvents and was caused by insufficient curing. This mechanism is avoidable if care is taken for providing and carrying out carefully specified curing conditions. All these symptoms correlate well with observations taken from parallel outdoor testing. Identification of the mechanisms involved will inform the development of more durable anti-soiling, hydrophobic coatings for solar application.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION OF A SECOND-LAW MODELLING PROCEDURE

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
JOHN W. CHINNECK
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Second Law ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Plant Manager ◽  
Modelling Procedure ◽  
Modelling Techniques

The energy systems in large industrial plants are often very complex involving hundreds of items of equipment such as furnaces, turbines, boilers, generators, etc., and numerous energy forms such as oil, natural gas, steam, electricity and so on. It is usually not obvious how to operate the system to minimize energy consumption, thereby minimizing fuel expenditures. Computer models can be effective tools for the plant manager in tackling this problem. This paper presents the results of the application of a new modelling procedure to the energy system in an existing Canadian petrochemicals plant. The new procedure identified an estimated $600,000 per annum in additional energy savings over other modelling techniques that had been applied to the plant. The procedure includes second-law measures in a convenient and easily-applied form.

scholarly journals An exploration of load-shifting potential in real in-situ heat-pump/gas-boiler hybrid systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Stafford
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Heat Output ◽  
Electrical Load ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Smart Systems

Monitoring data from two hybrid air-source heat-pump/gas-boiler systems were used to explore the systems’ potential for energy flexibility, i.e. the potential for shifting electrical load in response to grid requirements while maintaining acceptable performance in the overall hybrid system. In both cases, a significant proportion of the heat-pump load could potentially be shifted to the gas boiler with only a modest increase in the overall energy consumption, provided certain operational conditions were met. Furthermore, under these operational conditions, it is possible to estimate this additional energy consumption for a given system from simple heat output, and gas and electricity consumption data. This provides a potential basis for groups of similar systems equipped with smart technology to offer flexibility to the grid, while minimising the resulting energy penalty by choosing to use the most appropriate systems at any given time with respect to their operating conditions at that time. In addition, this type of flexibility means that the thermal comfort within the dwelling remains unaffected since overall heating requirement is met at all times by one of the two heating sub-systems. Practical application: The ability to shift or shed electrical load in response to grid requirements is likely to become a significant, commercially incentivised aspect of building energy systems in the future, to mitigate the stress on electrical grids at times of peak consumption. For domestic systems, aggregation will be a key factor, requiring ‘smart’ systems to provide real-time information to potential aggregators or grid operators. This article explores what type of system information may be necessary in the case of hybrid heat-pump/gas-boiler systems if loads are to be shifted from the heat-pump to the gas-boiler element, while minimising the resulting energy penalties.

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