Evaluating Genotypes and Seed Treatments to Increase Field Emergence of Low Phytic Acid Soybeans

Low phytic acid (LPA) soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] genotypes reduce indigestible PA in soybean seeds in order to improve feeding efficiency of mono- and agastric animals, but often exhibit low field emergence, resulting in reduced yield. In this study, four LPA soybean varieties with two different genetic backgrounds were studied to assess their emergence and yield characters under 12 seed treatment combinations including two broad-spectrum, preplant fungicides (i.e., ApronMaxx (mefenoxam: (R,S)-2-[(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-methoxyacetylamino]-propionic acid methyl ester; fludioxonil: 4-(2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile) and Rancona Summit (ipconazole: 2-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-5-(1-methylethyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl) cyclopentanol; metalaxyl: N-(methooxyacetyl)-N-(2,6-xylyl)-DL-alaninate)), osmotic priming, and MicroCel-E coating. Two normal-PA (NPA) varieties served as controls. Both irrigated and non-irrigated plots were planted in Blacksburg and Orange, Virginia, USA in 2014 and 2015. Results revealed that three seed treatments (fungicides Rancona Summit and ApronMaxx, as well as Priming + Rancona) significantly improved field emergence by 6.4–11.6% across all genotypes, compared with untreated seeds. Seed priming was negatively associated with emergence across LPA genotypes. Seed treatments did not increase the yield of any genotype. LPA genotypes containing mips or lpa1/lpa2 mutations, produced satisfactory emergence similar to NPA under certain soil and environmental conditions due to the interaction of genotype and environment. Effective seed treatments applied to LPA soybeans along with the successful development of LPA germplasm by soybean breeding programs, will increase use of LPA varieties by commercial soybean growers, ultimately improving animal nutrition while easing environmental impact.

Download Full-text

lpa1-5525: A New lpa1 Mutant Isolated in a Mutagenized Population by a Novel Non-Disrupting Screening Method

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants8070209 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 209 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Giulia Borlini ◽

Cesare Rovera ◽

Michela Landoni ◽

Elena Cassani ◽

Roberto Pilu

Keyword(s):

Phytic Acid ◽

Screening Method ◽

Lower Amount ◽

Wild Type ◽

New Mutation ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Low Phytic Acid ◽

Protein Storage Vacuoles ◽

Mixed Salts ◽

Phytic Phosphorus

Phytic acid, or myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate, is the main storage form of phosphorus in plants. It is localized in seeds, deposited as mixed salts of mineral cations in protein storage vacuoles; during germination, it is hydrolyzed by phytases to make available P together with all the other cations needed for seed germination. When seeds are used as food or feed, phytic acid and the bound cations are poorly bioavailable for human and monogastric livestock due to their lack of phytase activity. Therefore, reducing the amount of phytic acid is one strategy in breeding programs aimed to improve the nutritional properties of major crops. In this work, we present data on the isolation of a new maize (Zea mays L.) low phytic acid 1 (lpa1) mutant allele obtained by transposon tagging mutagenesis with the Ac element. We describe the generation of the mutagenized population and the screening to isolate new lpa1 mutants. In particular, we developed a fast, cheap and non-disrupting screening method based on the different density of lpa1 seed compared to the wild type. This assay allowed the isolation of the lpa1-5525 mutant characterized by a new mutation in the lpa1 locus associated with a lower amount of phytic phosphorus in the seeds in comparison with the wild type.

Download Full-text

Seed treatments for sustainable agriculture-A review

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v7i1.641 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 521-539 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

K.K. Sharma ◽

U.S. Singh ◽

Pankaj Sharma ◽

Ashish Kumar ◽

Lalan Sharma

Keyword(s):

Seed Treatment ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Environmental Safety ◽

Advanced Technology ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Solid Matrix ◽

Technological Advancement ◽

Seed Treatments ◽

Treatment Technologies ◽

Future Work

Seed treatment refers to the application of certain agents physical, chemical or biological to the seed prior to sowing in order to suppress, control or repel pathogens, insects and other pests that attack seeds, seedlings or plants and it ranges from a basic dressing to coating and pelleting. Introduction and ban of arsenic (used from 1740 until 1808) is the key milestones in the history of modern seed treatment till then a continuous research and advancement in this technology is going on. The technological advancement prepared a roadmap for refiningexisting seed treatment technologies and future work on technologies like fluid drilling as a way to sow germinated seeds where gel can also serve as a delivery system for other materials, seed priming advances the early phase of germination without redicle emergence. Another advanced technology, solid matrix priming (SMP) has been evaluated as a means to advances the germination of seeds and serve as a carrier for useful material too. Physical and biological seed treatments alone an alternative to chemicals or in combination with a chemical treatment are being used worldwide because of their environmental safety and socioeconomic aspects. Biological seed treatments are expected to be one of the fastest growing seed treatment sectors in the near future, in part because they are easier to register at Environment Protection Agency (EPA). Lack of awareness to seed treatments at farmer’s level is one of the limiting factors in disease management and hence, efforts should be made at farmer’s level to adopt the technology. Keeping the all above facts in mind, selected seed treatment technologies with their improvement and significance will be discussed in this review.

Download Full-text

Impact of Cross-Breeding of Low Phytic Acid MIPS1 and IPK1 Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) Mutants on Their Contents of Inositol Phosphate Isomers

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ◽

10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06117 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 247-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sophia Goßner ◽

Fengjie Yuan ◽

Chenguang Zhou ◽

Yuanyuan Tan ◽

Qingyao Shu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Phytic Acid ◽

Inositol Phosphate ◽

Cross Breeding ◽

Low Phytic Acid ◽

Glycine Max L

Download Full-text

Stability of the Metabolite Signature Resulting from the MIPS1 Mutation in Low Phytic Acid Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) Mutants upon Cross-Breeding

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ◽

10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00817 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 67 (17) ◽

pp. 5043-5052

Author(s):

Sophia Goßner ◽

Fengjie Yuan ◽

Chenguang Zhou ◽

Yuanyuan Tan ◽

Qingyao Shu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Phytic Acid ◽

Cross Breeding ◽

Low Phytic Acid ◽

Glycine Max L

Download Full-text

Influence of Chemicals, Botanicals and Growth Regulator Treatments on Plant Growth and Yield Attributing Traits of Lentil (Lens culinaris L.) Variety: K-75

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science ◽

10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i1930608 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 124-129

Author(s):

Avuta Saipriya Ramesh ◽

Prashant Kumar Rai ◽

Sasya Nagar

Keyword(s):

Seed Treatment ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Seed Treatments ◽

Maximum Increase ◽

Simple Method ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Percentage Yield ◽

Field Emergence ◽

Sowing Seed

The experiment was conducted in post graduate Seed Testing Laboratory and Field Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P) during Rabi season 2020-2021, in order to standardize the suitable pre-sowing seed treatment for Lentil (K-75). Different pre-sowing seed treatments viz.,T0-Control (untreated), T1- KCL @1%, T2- KCL @ 3%, T3- KNO3 @ 1%, T4- KNO3 @ 3%, T5- Panchagavya @ 2%, T6 – GA3 @ 20ppm, T7 – Panchagavya @ 4%, T8 – GA3 @ 10ppm,T9 – Panchagavya @ 6%,T10 – Tulasi Leaf Extract @ 2%, T11 – Tulasi Leaf Extract @ 4%,T12 – Tulasi Leaf Extract @ 6% were evaluated by screening of 12 hour. It was found that all the pre-sowing seed treatments recorded the significant difference with that of control. In field condition highest field emergence percentage,yield and yielding attributes was found in T7 -Panchagavya @ 4%. Pre-sowing seed treatment with Panchagavya @ 4% followed by GA3 @ 10 ppm, Panchagavya @ 2%, KCL @ 1% significantly increased the germination and yielding attributes of Lentil. Pre-sowing seed treatments with Panchagavya (4%) and GA3 (10ppm) resulted in maximum increase in field emergence, vigour of Lentil seeds and found to be lowest in control seeds. Pre-sowing seed treatment that leads to a physiological condition that allows the seed to germinate more effectively and no costly equipment and chemical requirements could be used. Hence it is a simple method for overcoming weak germination and seedling establishment and helps to preserve agriculture and economical, non-toxic, eco-friendly sources.

Download Full-text

Biological Seed Treatments

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.30.4.749e ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 749E-749

Author(s):

Nancy W. Callan ◽

Don E. Mathre

Keyword(s):

Seed Treatment ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Pythium Ultimum ◽

Nutrient Level ◽

Seed Treatments ◽

Seed Decay ◽

Environmentally Responsible ◽

And Function ◽

Disease Pressure

Biological seed treatment offers a safe, environmentally responsible option for protection of seeds and seedlings from attack by soilborne pathogens. Most effective biological seed treatments have used either bacterial or fungal agents. The efficacy of a biological seed treatment depends upon the ability of the biocontrol agent to compete and function on the seed and in the rhizosphere under diverse conditions of soil pH, nutrient level, moisture, temperature, and disease pressure. Seed treatment performance may be improved through application and formulation technology. An example of this is the bio-priming seed treatment, a combination of seed priming and inoculation with Pseudomonas aureofaciens AB254, which was originally developed for protection of sh-2 sweet corn from Pythium ultimum seed decay. Bio-priming has been evaluated for protection of seed of sweet corn and other crops under a range of soil environmental conditions.

Download Full-text

Quantitative proteomic analyses of two soybean low phytic acid mutants to identify the genes associated with seed field emergence

BMC Plant Biology ◽

10.1186/s12870-019-2201-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xiaomin Yu ◽

Hangxia Jin ◽

Xujun Fu ◽

Qinghua Yang ◽

Fengjie Yuan

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Phytic Acid ◽

Lipid Transfer Protein ◽

Cysteine Proteinase ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitor ◽

Plant Seed ◽

Low Phytic Acid ◽

Seed Field ◽

Field Emergence

Abstract Background Seed germination is essential to crop growth and development, and ultimately affects its harvest. It is difficult to breed soybeans low in phytic acid with a higher seed field emergence. Although additional management and selection could overcome the phytate reduction, the mechanisms of seed germination remain unknown. Results A comparative proteomic analysis was conducted between two low phytic acid (LPA) soybean mutants (TW-1-M and TW-1), both of which had a deletion of 2 bp in the GmMIPS1 gene. However, the TW-1 seeds showed a significantly lower field emergence compared to the TW-1-M. There were 282 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) identified between two mutants at the three stages. Among these DAPs, 80 were down-accumulated and 202 were up-accumulated. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the identified proteins were related to functional categories of oxidation reduction, response to stimulus and stress, dormancy and germination processes and catalytic activity. KEGG analysis showed that these DAPs were mainly involved in energy metabolism and anti-stress pathways. Based upon the conjoint analysis of DAPs with the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) previously published among three germination stages in two LPA mutants, 30 shared DAPs/DEGs were identified with different patterns, including plant seed protein, beta-amylase, protein disulfide-isomerase, disease resistance protein, pyrophosphate-fructose 6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase, cysteine proteinase inhibitor, non-specific lipid-transfer protein, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and acyl-coenzyme A oxidase. Conclusions Seed germination is a very complex process in LPA soybean mutants. The TW-1-M and TW-1 showed many DAPs involved in seed germination. The differential accumulation of these proteins could result in the difference of seed field emergence between the two mutants. The high germination rate in the TW-1-M might be strongly attributed to reactive oxygen species-related and plant hormone-related genes. All these findings would help us further explore the germination mechanisms in LPA crops.

Download Full-text