scholarly journals Marketing of Vegetable Seeds: Practice and Behavioral Inclinations of Vegetable Seed Sellers and Farmers in Selected Areas of Bangladesh

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 364
Author(s):  
Shahriar Mustafiz ◽  
Akira Nakayasu ◽  
Mamoru Itabashi
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Distribution Channel ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Market Information ◽  
Marketing System ◽  
Margin Distribution ◽  
Vegetable Seed ◽  
Average Current ◽  
Current Price

This research was based on a survey conducted in Bangladesh in three major seed-producing divisions, viz., Dhaka, Mymensingh, and Chittagong. Descriptive data was gathered by randomly selecting 100 peasants and 100 rural retailers for in-depth interviews. The general accounting approach was also used to assess profit and loss. The objective of the study was to analyze the marketing tendencies of vegetable seed farmers and sellers. The results showed a lack of market information, poor institutions and arrangements, poor marketing infrastructures, transportation system, and high and unfair profit margin distribution among the value chain actors with little share to the farmers in the vegetable seed market. These findings are indicators of poor marketing efficiency and thereby suboptimal operation of the seed marketing system. The significant determinants of market supply of vegetable seeds were found to be the average current price, age, the total size of land, farmers’ experience, sex, number of oxen, and access to market information. The determinants of demand for vegetable seeds—family size, purchase frequency, the average current price, income level, average expenditure on food and purchasing, profit or loss of vegetable seed farming—were found to be significant in the study. According to the findings of this report, vegetable seed sector in Bangladesh needs more government support, especially in terms of marketing policies in order to improve the current state of vegetable seed farming. Vegetable seed farming was not profitable due to a lack of technology and knowledge, as well as a lack of funding. With the existing status of infrastructure, the presence of middlemen is unavoidable. As a result, farmers have no alternative but to follow the orders of the middlemen, resulting in seed quality problems. Hence, the results are indicative of the measures that should be taken for production, market infrastructure, arrangements, and institutions to improve the functioning of the seed marketing system. It also proposes a vegetable seed distribution channel through which a cooperative community would serve as a collecting hub for a more efficient marketing scheme.

scholarly journals Risk Profiles Along the Lifecycle in Dynamic Markets

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Tamas Koplyay ◽  
Brian Mitchell ◽  
Sorin Cohn ◽  
Maria Fekete ◽  
Abdelkader Jazouli
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Distribution Channel ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Dynamic Markets ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Distribution Channel Management ◽  
A Company

Abstract That supply chain management and logistics are a determining factor for the long term success of a company was well documented by Forrester over a half century ago [1], with the importance of the statement only growing through the intervening years.Whether consciously factored into the operating mode or not, logistics and distribution channel management plays a critical role in the life, and death, of a firm. From the rudimentary beginnings of the start-up company to the hectic world of the growth company and onto the relatively secure existence in mature markets, the value chain consisting of logistics and distribution channel linkages follows the firm, until it solidifies into immutable form of the mature value chain and begins to exert an inexorable pressure on the survival of the entire chain, and conversely the chain imposes its will on the members. The emergence of mature industry value chains is often driven by the need to monopolistically control logistics and distribution channels which provides a competitive advantage but also introduces a serious exposure to pending shock loadings of the chain.

scholarly journals Determinants of Value Chain Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic Industry in Kathmandu Valley

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Anita Rizal
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Distribution Channel ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Value Chain Analysis ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Chain Analysis ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic System

<p>The objective of this paper is to find out key factors influencing target market of solar photovoltaic industry; and identify ways on how to reduce cost of sales in solar photovoltaic industry in Nepal. It also analyzes better ways of marketing solar photovoltaic system in current market. The conceptual model taken for this study comprises of Porter’s (1985) value chain analysis theory which has identified two sequences of activities i.e. primary and support activities. Exploratory research has been used where primary data is collected through structured questionnaire distributed among 120 individual sellers of solar photovoltaic system inside Kathmandu valley. The data collected are analyzed using SPSS 16.0 which is coded and tabulated by Microsoft Excel spreadsheet application.</p><p>The result of the analysis of the data shows that factors influencing value chain of solar PV industry are infrastructure (mostly furniture, workshop, showroom, capital and human resources in less number) needed to set up a company, imported from different countries, distribution channel, subsidy claim, marketing medium and after sales service. Few companies import huge quantity of solar related products. Most of the companies targeting direct customer don't claim subsidy directly rather they claim via other pre-qualified companies. Also these companies consider radio advertisement to reach customers at large rather than any other medium of marketing. These companies value warranty and repair &amp; maintenance services as an after sales service. Although few of the solar photovoltaic systems are manufactured in Nepal, they prefer to import these items rather than promote Nepal made products. Thus, these factors have created value from import to service to the customers.</p><p>Journal of Business and Social Sciences Research, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 153-168</p>

scholarly journals Korelasi Tipe Pemain Dengan Pengukuran Usability Pada Game Freemium

Techno Com ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-258
Author(s):  
. Rizky
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Distribution Channel ◽  
App Store

Game merupakan kategori terpopuler di Play Store dan App Store, matangnya industri game sudah terbentuk sejak puluhan tahun lalu dari zaman konsol. Value Chain game di zaman mobile mengalami perubahan yang signifikan, terutama di sisi distribution channel yang memotong banyak proses. Namun, disayangkan developer banyak hanya berfokus pada proses penciptaan game, tanpa mempersiapkan strategi monetising yang baik, salah satunya adalah model Freemium dan Premium. Untuk itu diperlukan studi lebih lanjut tentang tipe tipe pemain yang akan berhubungan dengan keputusan pembelian game. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi tipe pemain terhadap pengujian usability dan dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu acuan dalam penentuan model bisnis game bagi para developer. Metode yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif persentase. yang disesuaikan dengan kondisi pemain. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tipe pemain yang terdiri dari empat jenis pemain memiliki pengaruh yang tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan pemain dalam memilih judul game, namun memliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pengujian usability game freemium. 

scholarly journals Consumers’ preference and willingness to pay for graded beef in Polokwane municipality, South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florah L. Makweya ◽  
Isaac B. Oluwatayo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Current Price

Consumers around the world are progressively becoming more concerned and aware about food standards, quality and safety issues. The purpose of this study was to determine consumers’ preference regarding safe and quality beef and willingness to pay (WTP) for graded beef in Polokwane municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa. The research surveyed 150 consumers using a structured questionnaire to collect data on consumer characteristics and responses to different bid levels for graded beef. Analytical methods were descriptive statistics, Likert scales, contingent valuation method to evaluate respondents’ mean WTP for graded beef and logit model to determine the dependence of WTP on consumers’ socioeconomic characteristics. Results showed that consumers prefer their beef tender, with less fat and bones and labelled with price, grade/class, size or quantity of the product and lastly quality inspection or certification indicator. Over half of the respondents (53%) were aware of grading or classification systems. The results further revealed that most respondents are willing to pay an increase of 16.04% over the current price for beef. This could be an opportunity for investments in beef label industry. Consumer characteristics including age, income, gender and household size significantly influenced WTP for graded beef in Polokwane Municipality. Marketing strategies considered by beef product investors should target young, female and wealthier consumers. Grading with respect to quality attributes would make beef sales at differentiated prices possible. This will eventually enhance sales volume and returns for all stakeholders along the value chain.

scholarly journals Assessment of present status and action plan development of vegetable seed enterprise in Rukum, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-132
Author(s):  
Amar Bahadur Pun ◽  
Damodar Poudyal
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Major Player ◽  
Vegetable Seed ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Stakeholder Workshop ◽  
Conducting Research

Vegetable seed enterprise is a highly potential sub-sector for the economic growth of rural farmers in Nepal. Rukum has been known as the most important district for vegetable seed production since long time because of favorable agro-climatic condition. However, Rukums' sub-sector is facing several limitations including organized production and marketing, technology adoption and entrepreneurship development. This study has been carried out to assess the vegetable seed sub-sector of Rukum and propose action plans accordingly for the sustainable seed enterprise development. The study conducted stakeholder workshop and field survey; consulted district line agencies, seed producers and cooperatives, agro-vets and seed companies, and reviewed previous works. The study found that there were many individual farmers, farmers' groups and cooperatives being involved in vegetable seed production in the district. The role of private sector is emerging rapidly with higher share in the seed marketing. The public sector is still a major player for conducting research; and provision of source seeds, quality assurance and other support services. Strategic efforts and action plans are needed to push the existing traditional seed sub-sector towards commercial venture. Technology adoption for quality seed production, processing and marketing; transformation of the classical seed sub-sector into a competitive and sustainable enterprise; organized and demand led seed production programs; and coordination and participatory approaches among stakeholders in seed value chain activities are highly recommended.

Formal and Informal Seed Systems in Kenya: Supporting Indigenous Vegetable Seed Quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 758-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia M. Croft ◽  
Maria I. Marshall ◽  
Martins Odendo ◽  
Christine Ndinya ◽  
Naman N. Ondego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Systems ◽  
Vegetable Seed

scholarly journals Cashew Apples in Ghana: Stakeholders’ Knowledge, Perception, and Utilization

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yaw Gyau Akyereko ◽  
Faustina Dufie Wireko-Manu ◽  
Francis Alemawor ◽  
Mary Adzanyo
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Value Added ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Government Support ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Know How ◽  
Cashew Apple ◽  
Value Added Products

Cashew (Anacardium occidentale), a crop projecting Ghana internationally beside cocoa, is usually cultivated for its nut, for both local and international markets. The cashew apple is underutilized in many African countries. This study is aimed at determining the knowledge, perception, and utilization of cashew apples in Ghana among stakeholders in the cashew value chain. Results from the study showed that the cashew industry consisted of farmers (89.1%), nut buyers (6.8%), extension officers (3.5%), and processors (0.6%) with uneven distribution of males (66.2%) and females (33.8%). Cashew apple utilization was low (<10%), though 84.37% had in-depth knowledge on the health benefits and value-added products made from the apples. Cashew apple is mainly utilized as fresh fruits or juice, with minor uses as an ingredient in food preparation, animal feed formulation, and production of mushroom, weedicide, ethanol, and manure. The cashew apple processors identified high cost of processing equipment, perishability of apples, lack of capital, market, technical know-how, and government support as challenges. Based on these findings, education of the stakeholders on value addition or processing of the apples at household and industrial levels and provision of stimulus packages to private processors are recommended to maximize cashew apple utilization in Ghana.

scholarly journals Value Chain Analysis of adventure tourism: a case study of Ajara Autonomous Republic (Georgia)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nargiz Phalavandishvili ◽  
◽  
Natalia Robitashvili ◽  
Ekaterine Bakhtadze ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Weak Links ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Adventure Tourism ◽  
The Government ◽  
Autonomous Republic

Ajara Autonomous Republic, both within the country and in the world tourist market, has always been positioned as a maritime tourist destination. However, over recent years diversification of tourist products and appealing new market segments have become one of the main priorities of the tourism development strategy of Ajara Autonomous Republic. As a result, the government is creating an appropriate tourist infrastructure, especially in rural areas to support developing such tourist products as adventure and eco-tourism. Adventure tourism can deliver significant benefits at the local level and it is a developing segment in Ajara. Creating adventure tourism products requires integration of various interdependent services. A tourism value chain is defined as a system that describes the cooperation of private and state sectors in providing resources, which creates costs and adds value through various processes and delivers final products to visitors. The purpose of the research was to determine weak links in the value chain and creating a comprehensive value chain model to form the competitive adventure tourism product. The research involved all actors, which operate in the tourism sector. Based on the results of the survey, in the value chain, the food link turned out to be the weakest, whereas the accommodation with the highest share was distinguished in the visitor spending structure. Overall, the cost of the adventure tour will be affordable for both international and domestic tourists. At this stage, government support and participation are crucial in the formation of adventure tourism infrastructure. Through using the case study and qualitative research methods, we tried to identify challenges to the growth of adventure tourism in Ajara and developed recommendations to overcome these challenges.

scholarly journals VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF VEGETABLE SEED IN WESTERN RUKUM DISTRICT, NEPAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Melsan Shresth ◽  
Shiva Chandra Dhakal ◽  
Rishi Ram Kattel ◽  
Susan Parajuli ◽  
Katherine Parker
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Vegetable Seed

The vegetable seed is one of the growing high-value subsectors in Nepal because of the increasing commercialization of vegetable production, the deficit of seed supply, and the rising involvement of different actors at different levels of its value chain. In this context, the present study was designed to analysis the value chain of vegetable seeds with a special focus on the competitiveness of the value chain actors. The study was conducted in Western Rukum, Nepal in 2017. Data from 210 randomly selected vegetable seed producers using simple random sampling, 13 seed traders including seed collectors, seed companies and agro vets, eight enablers as well as information from secondary sources were collected and analyzed by using descriptive statistics. The result showed that even having nine functional vegetable seed marketing channels in the district there was a weak relationship among value chain actors. The actors involved in the production and marketing sides had different areas of interest. The producers were typically interested in access to technical input and market assurance in both price and quantity, on the other hand, the market actors were interested in quality assurance and market-led price fixation. Additionally, the market information was limited to the local level seed traders. In the contrast, networking among local traders was found very strong. However, they were also not sure about the quality of seed produced by farmers and had to wait until the quality test by the seed company to clear their product. The finding of this study indicates farmers should maintain the quality of seed, the seed traders should provide the essential information to producers regarding the price and quality standard that need to be met, and government agencies should increase the extension service on the technical know-how of high yielding varieties based on consumers demand to promote the export of the seeds.

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