Are Chilean Pasture Seed End-Users Adopting New Species? Trends and Joinpoint Regression Analysis of the Last 19 Years of Seed Imports

Pastures are important for the agricultural sector as forage, recreational and sports systems. The Chilean pasture seed market is highly dependent on introduced genetics; however, the effect of climate change and market conditions can modify pasture options. The objective of this study was to quantify changes of the pasture seeds sown by Chilean end-users, as metric tons (Mt) or proportion of the total (PT), based on 19 years of imported seed. The Mann–Kendall test and joinpoint regression analysis were used to estimate the overall trends and the average annual percent change (AAPC) for the whole period, respectively. The total imported Mt had an increasing trend and AAPC (+5.7%), wherein a large PT corresponded to ryegrasses (Lolium spp.) (0.681), with increasing trends for Mt and PT. Clovers (Trifolium spp.) had decreasing trends and AAPC (−2.9% for Mt and −9.6% for PT). For PT, the main species was perennial ryegrass (L. perenne L.) (0.357), with increasing trends for Mt. As Mt, a positive AAPC was found for plantain (P. lanceolata L.) (+17.4%) and chicory (C. intybus L.) (+63.2%). Over a period of 19 years, based on Mt but not PT, Chilean end-users have been adopting new pasture species with a decreasing use of Trifolium spp.

Download Full-text

Joinpoint Regression Analysis of Trends in Multiple Sclerosis Incidence in Kuwait: 1980–2019

Neuroepidemiology ◽

10.1159/000511205 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 (6) ◽

pp. 472-481

Author(s):

Saeed Akhtar ◽

Jarrah Al-Abkal ◽

Raed Alroughani

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Age At Onset ◽

Joinpoint Regression ◽

Annual Percent Change ◽

Joinpoint Regression Analysis ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Increasing Trend ◽

Increasing Trends ◽

Incident Cases

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system with unknown precise etiology. Temporally, a tendency for increasing MS incidence has been recorded worldwide. This cross-sectional cohort study sought to quantify trends in the age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) (per million person-years) of MS in Kuwait from 1980 to 2019, overall and by subcohorts defined by age at MS onset, sex, and nationality. Methods: MS incidence data from 1980 to 2019 were obtained from the Kuwait National MS Registry (KNMSR). Using midyear relevant Kuwait population as denominator and the World Standard Population as a reference, MS ASIRs overall and by subcohorts defined by age at onset (0–19, 20–39, and 40+ years), sex (male and female), and nationality (Kuwaiti and non-Kuwaiti) were computed. Joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to estimate average annual percent change (AAPC) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) overall and by subcohorts. Results: During 1980–2019, a total of 1,764 MS incident cases of 95.6 million person-years at-risk were diagnosed and registered in KNMSR. The overall MS ASIR (per million person-years) during the study period was 34.1 (95% CI: 16.1, 52.1). Between 1980 and 2010, in the total cohort, ASIRs of MS significantly increased by 13% (AAPC = 13.0; 95% CI: 10.8, 15.3; p < 0.001), followed by statistically nonsignificant declining trend during the ensuing period (AAPC = −3.8; 95% CI: −14.8, 8.8; p = 0.522). Joinpoint regression analysis revealed that 2 subcohorts of Kuwaiti females each with one joinpoint had significant increasing trends in MS ASIRs (0- to 19-year-old Kuwaiti females, AAPC: 1980–2009, 81.0; 95% CI: 58.2, 107.0; p = 0.001; 20- to 39-year-old Kuwaiti females, AAPC: 1980–1999, 131.7; 95% CI: 26.9, 322.8; p = 0.021). Additionally, of remaining 10, 6 subcohorts had significantly (p < 0.05) increasing trends in MS ASIRs from 1980 to 2019. Conclusions: From 1980 to 2010, Kuwait has an overall significantly increasing trend in MS ASIRs followed by a nonsignificant declining drift in the ensuing period. The increasing trend in MS risk appeared to be driven by increased risk among Kuwaiti females younger than 40 years. The underlying factors modulating MS risk in Kuwait need further studies.

Download Full-text

Temporal Trends in Apparent Food Consumption in Bangladesh: A Joinpoint Regression Analysis of FAO’s Food Balance Sheet Data from 1961 to 2013

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11081864 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1864 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Syed Mahfuz Al Hasan ◽

Jennifer Saulam ◽

Kanae Kanda ◽

Tomohiro Hirao

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Vegetable Oils ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Temporal Trends ◽

Balance Sheet ◽

Joinpoint Regression ◽

Annual Percent Change ◽

Dietary History ◽

Joinpoint Regression Analysis

We analyzed the temporal trends and significant changes in apparent food consumption or availabilityin Bangladesh from 1961 to 2013. Due to the lack of a long-term national dietary intake dataset, this study used data derived from the FAO’s food balance sheets. We used joinpoint regression analysis to identify significant changes in the temporal trends. The annual percent change (APC) was computed for each segment of the trends. Apparent intake of starchy roots, eggs, fish, vegetables, milk, and vegetable oils significantly has increased (p < 0.05) in the Bangladeshi diet since 1961; whereas cereals changed by merely 4.65%. Bangladesh has been experiencing three structural changes in their dietary history after the Liberation War, though the intake level has been grossly inadequate. Initially, since the late-1970s, apparent vegetable oils intake increased at a market rate (APC = 7.53). Subsequently, since the early-1990s, the real force behind the structural change in the diet has been the increasing trends in the apparent intake of fish (APC = 5.05), eggs (APC = 4.65), and meat (APC = 1.54). Lastly, since the early 2000s, apparent intakes of fruits (APC = 20.44), vegetables (APC = 10.58), and milk (APC = 3.55) increased significantly (p <0.05). This study result reveals and quantifies the significant secular changes in the dietary history of Bangladesh from 1961 to 2013. Bangladesh has experienced inadequate but significant structural changes in the diet in the late-1970s, early-1990s, and early-2000s. Overabundance of cereals and inadequate structural changes in the diet may have caused the increasing prevalence of overweightness and emergence of diet-related, non-communicable diseases in Bangladesh.

Download Full-text

Changing trends in age-adjusted pulmonary fibrosis mortality in the USA: a joinpoint regression analysis

European Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1183/13993003.00364-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 1900364 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Evans R. Fernández Pérez

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Joinpoint Regression ◽

Changing Trends ◽

Joinpoint Regression Analysis ◽

The Usa

Download Full-text

Increases of suicide rates in Kansas: results from 2009-2018

Journal of Public Mental Health ◽

10.1108/jpmh-04-2020-0027 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Jason D. Lloyd ◽

David W. Oakley

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Percentage Change ◽

Sex Characteristics ◽

Annual Percentage Change ◽

Joinpoint Regression ◽

Content Type ◽

Suicide Rates ◽

Joinpoint Regression Analysis ◽

The Difference

Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the increase in suicide rates for Kansas residents, as well as quantify the difference in suicide rates between men and women across the State of Kansas. Design/methodology/approach To evaluate increases in suicide rates, a joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to calculate the annual percentage change in suicide rates. To evaluate differences between sex characteristics, a one-way analysis of variance was conducted. Findings Results of a joinpoint regression analysis found that the annual percentage change in the suicide rates of Kansas did increase significantly between 2009 and 2018. Furthermore, the rate of suicide increase among women was greater than the suicide rate increases of men. Originality/value The value of this study provides context to the suicide literature that could allow for better local and statewide policy decisions.

Download Full-text