scholarly journals Soil Microbial Community Profiling and Bacterial Metabolic Activity of Technosols as an Effect of Soil Properties following Land Reclamation: A Case Study from the Abandoned Iron Sulphide and Uranium Mine in Rudki (South-Central Poland)

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1795
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Wolińska ◽  
Kinga Włodarczyk ◽  
Agnieszka Kuźniar ◽  
Anna Marzec-Grządziel ◽  
Jarosław Grządziel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Uranium Mine ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
South Central ◽  
Community Profiling

The aims of the study were (1) to recognize the structure of bacteria diversity in Technosols developed from mine spoils containing iron (Fe) sulphides with the use of culture-independent technique, and (2) to determine microbial metabolic activities, in the context of their potential to be an adequate indicators of soil properties being the consequence of land reclamation. The study site was located in the vicinity of the abandoned Fe sulphide and uranium mine in Rudki village (Holy Cross Mts., Poland). Three soil profiles with different chemical properties (pH, content of carbonates, soil salinity, content of total organic carbon and total nitrogen) were studied. Biodiversity was determined with the use of meta-barcoding of 16S rRNA community profiling analysis based on the hypervariable V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene (MiSeq, Illumina). The catabolic fingerprinting of soil microbial communities was evaluated with the use of Biolog®EcoPlates™ System. It was evidenced that changes in microbial structure and their metabolic activity were the consequence of a combined effect of both the soil depth and soil chemical properties being the final result of reclamation process. Consequently, microbial indicators (from phyla to genera level) indirectly testifying about success or ineffectiveness of reclamation in technogenic soils were recommended. To our best knowledge, the present study is the first insight into Polish Technosols biodiversity and catabolic activity.

scholarly journals Soil microbial communities in the face of changing farming practices: A case study in an agricultural landscape in France

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252216
Author(s):  
Laurie Dunn ◽  
Christophe Lang ◽  
Nicolas Marilleau ◽  
Sébastien Terrat ◽  
Luc Biju-Duval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Bacterial Richness ◽  
Over Time

According to biogeography studies, the abundance and richness of soil microorganisms vary across multiple spatial scales according to soil properties and farming practices. However, soil microorganisms also exhibit poorly understood temporal variations. This study aimed at better understanding how soil microbial communities respond to changes in farming practices at a landscape scale over time. A regular grid of 269 sites was set up across a 1,200 ha farming landscape, and soil samples were characterized for their molecular microbial biomass and bacterial richness at two dates (2011 and 2016). A mapping approach highlighted that spatial microbial patterns were stable over time, while abundance and richness levels were modified. The drivers of these changes were investigated though a PLS-PM (partial least square path-modeling) approach. Soil properties were stable over time, but farming practices changed. Molecular microbial biomass was mainly driven by soil resources, whereas bacterial richness depended on both farming practices and ecological parameters. Previous-crop and management effects and a temporal dependence of the microbial community on the historical farming management were also highlighted.

scholarly journals A Critical-Systematic Review of the Interactions of Biochar with Soils and the Observable Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13726
Author(s):  
Jackson Nkoh Nkoh ◽  
M. Abdulaha-Al Baquy ◽  
Shamim Mia ◽  
Renyong Shi ◽  
Muhammad Aqeel Kamran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Meta Analyses

Biochar research has experienced a significant increase in the recent two decades. It is growing quickly, with hundreds of reviews, including meta-analyses, that have been published reporting diverse effects of biochar on soil properties and plant performance. However, an in-depth synthesis of biochar–soil interactions at the molecular level is not available. For instance, in many meta-analyses, the effects of biochar on soil properties and functions were summarized without focusing on the specificity of the biochar and soil properties. When applied to soils, biochar interacts with different soil components including minerals, organic matter, gases, liquids, and nutrients, while it also changes soil microbial community structure and their occurrence. These different interactions modify soil physicochemical properties with consequences for dynamic changes in nutrient availability and, thus, plant performance. This review systematically analyzed biochar effects on soil properties and functions: (a) soil physical properties; (b) chemical properties; (c) biological properties; and (d) functions (plant performance, nutrient cycling, etc.). Our synthesis revealed that the surface properties of biochar (specific surface area and charge) and its associated nutrient content determine its role in the soil. At the same time, the extent of changes depends on soil properties, suggesting that both biochar and soil properties need to be considered for harvesting benefits of biochar application. Altogether, we believe our synthesis will provide a guide for researchers and practitioners for future research as well as large-scale field applications.

scholarly journals Influence of aerobic treated manure application on the chemical and microbiological properties of soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. e1104
Author(s):  
Adriana Montañez ◽  
Natalia Rigamonti ◽  
Silvana Vico ◽  
Carla Silva ◽  
Lucía Nuñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbial Biomass P ◽  
Properties Of Soil ◽  
Microbiological Properties

Aim of study: This study evaluated the effect of the application of liquid aerobic treated manure (continuous liquid composting, CLC) on physical, chemical and biological soil properties, with the objective of monitoring changes induced by soil management with CLC as a biofertilizer.Area of study: Colonia, Uruguay (lat. 34,338164 S, long. 57,222630 W).Material and methods: Soil’s chemical properties, including nitrogen mineralization potential (NMP) and 15 microbiological properties (microbial biomass carbon, MBC; mesophylic aerobic bacteria; actinobacteria; filamentus fungi; fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis; dehydrogenase; with NMP; acid and alkaline phosphatase; cellulolose degraders; P-solubilizing bacteria; nitrifying; denitrifying and free-living N-fixing microorganisms; glomalin; and soil-pathogenicity index, SPI) were evaluated in two sites with similar cropping history, with one and three years of respective CLC application.Main results: CLC application had significant effects on soil microbial biomass (p<0.05), soil enzyme (p<0.1) and functional groups activity (p<0.05). SPI decreased in both sites with CLC application. No significant variations were detected for the chemical variables, with the exception of NMP, which was significantly high (p<0.05) in soil treated with CLC at both sites.Research highlights: The improved biological soil properties analyzed (MBC, soil enzyme activities and SPI, together with NMP) emerged as reasonable indicators to assess and monitor the effects of CLC application.

The invasive potential of a hybrid species: insights from soil chemical properties and soil microbial communities

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Feng Sun ◽  
Yuyi Ou ◽  
Qiaojing Ou ◽  
Lingda Zeng ◽  
Hanxia Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Natural Hybridization ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Aims Natural hybridization between invasive and native species, as a form of adaptive evolution, threatens biodiversity worldwide. However, the potential invasive mechanisms of hybrids remain essentially unexplored, especially insights from soil chemical properties and soil microbial communities. Methods In a field experiment, soil microbial community, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, enzyme activities, and light-saturated photosynthetic rate were measured in invasive Sphagneticola trilobata and its hybrid with native Sphagneticola calendulacea in 2 years. Important Findings In general, soil dissolved organic carbon and the biomass of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria were significantly higher under the hybrid treatment than S. trilobata and S. calendulacea. However, there were no significant differences in acid phosphatase, total PLFAs, bacterial PLFAs, fungi PLFAs, cellulase, and urase in these treatments. The hybrids had significantly higher light-saturated photosynthetic rate, photosynthetic nitrogen-, phosphorus-, potassium- use efficiencies than the invasive S. trilobata, but no significant difference with S. calendulacea. The total biomass and root biomass of hybrids were higher than S. calendulacea. Our results indicate that the hybrids species have a higher invasive potential than S. calendulacea, which may aggravate the local extinction of S. calendulacea in the future.

Medium-term impact of post-fire emergency rehabilitation techniques on a shrubland ecosystem in Galicia (NW Spain)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montserrat Díaz Raviña ◽  
Alba Lombao Vázquez ◽  
Ana Isabel Barreiro Buján ◽  
Angela Martín Jiménez ◽  
Tarsy Carballas Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Burnt Soil ◽  
Stabilization Technique

The aim of this work was to study the effectiveness of two post-fire emergence<em> </em>rehabilitation techniques (seeding and mulching) for reducing soil erosion as well as their effects on the soil quality; therefore in the field, experimental plots of unburnt soil, burnt soil, burnt soil plus seeding and burnt soil plus mulching were established. Soil samples were collected from the A horizon and a wide range of physical, chemical and biological soil properties were analyzed to evaluate soil quality. The effect of fire on the vegetation cover was observed after one year and changes in soil properties persisted even after four years. The phospholipid fatty acids pattern showed that in the medium-term (8-48 months after the fire), the fire may modify the soil microbial communities by altering the plant community via plant-induced changes in the soil environment. No effect of seeding or mulching on the vegetation cover was observed. The mean efficiency in preventing soil erosion between 8 and 12 months after the fire and the application of the treatments was 11% for seeding and 65% for mulching. These stabilization treatments had a minor influence on the post-fire soil quality in the medium-term (48 months); therefore, taking into account its effectiveness for reducing soil erosion, the mulching treatment is recommended as the best post-fire stabilization technique.

Can reclaimed land be converted to arable land? –Positive: Evidences of soil microbial activity from a laboratory experiment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruirui Chen ◽  
Jianwei Zhang ◽  
Youzhi Feng
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Tolerant Species

&lt;p&gt;Agriculture is a drive for land reclamation. Reclaiming coastal saline soils is increasingly undertaken as water and heat resources are normally plentiful in coastal land. However, growth of both crops and soil microorganisms is limited due to high cation content and osmotic stress, making saline soils unproductive when converted to arable land. For crops, great efforts have to be made to screen salt-tolerant species suitable for land reclamation. For soil microorganisms in saline soils, will the same separation and domestication of salt-tolerant species be necessary to improve microbial activity as done with crops?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To improve such understandings, we studied coastal saline soils covering non-, mild-, and severe-salinity. Their bacterial diversities were characterized by high throughput sequencing, and microbial metabolic activities analyzed with substrate-induced heat release curves. Abundant and diverse bacterial communities were detected in the severe-salinity soils. While we did not observe soil salinity significantly affected the microbial richness, it did shift soil bacterial community composition. However, the severe-salinity soil was not dominant with salt-tolerant microbial species. With thermodynamic analysis, we discovered glucose amendment efficiently promoted microbial metabolic activity regardless of their community composition. Severe salinity did not inhibit potential metabolic activity of soil microbial community. A further 2-month incubation experiment supported that microbial metabolic kinetics of the severe-salinity soil amended with maize straw recovered and moved toward to the non-salinity soil.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, our study supported that salt-tolerant species are not indispensable in land reclamation. An addition of labile organic amendments can help to rapidly multiply microbial growth and recover soil microbial functions.&lt;/p&gt;

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