Multifaceted Analysis of Barley Landraces Collected during Gene Bank Expeditions in Poland at the End of the 20th Century

The extensive genetic diversity of crop landraces deposited in gene banks is an important part of future breeding programs. However, in order to exploit this potential, it is necessary both to preserve germplasm and to collect and share a wide range of data on its characteristics and evaluation. The main objective of the presented paper was to evaluate the diversity of spring barley landraces originating from Poland. Historical data from standard field evaluation of agronomic traits, genetic data obtained from Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) analysis and grain morphometric data were used. The analysis showed that groups of hulled and hulls barley accessions were substantially separate. Genetic and grain morphological variation did not show any relationship with eco-geographical conditions in the place of origin. There was also no clear division into forms with two- and six-row ears. The combination of the results of various types of analyzes describing this collection makes us believe that its chances of being used in research and breeding will increase.

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QTL analysis of yield-related traits and their association with functional markers in Brassica napus L.

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar06350 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 58 (8) ◽

pp. 759 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Yuanyuan Li ◽

Jinxiong Shen ◽

Tonghua Wang ◽

Qingfang Chen ◽

Xingguo Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brassica Napus ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

High Yield ◽

Functional Markers ◽

Multiple Traits ◽

Brassica Napus L ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

F2 Population ◽

Expressed Sequence ◽

Simple Sequence

Yield is one of the most important traits in Brassica napus breeding programs. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for yield-related traits based on genetic mapping would help breeders to develop high-yield cultivars. In this study, a genetic linkage map of B. napus, containing 142 sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers, 163 functional markers, 160 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, and 117 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers, was constructed in an F2 population of 184 individuals resulting from the cross SI-1300 × Eagle. This map covered 2054.51 cM with an average marker interval of 3.53 cM. Subsequently, QTLs were detected for 12 yield-related traits in Wuhan and Jingmen. In total, 133 QTLs were identified, including 14 consistent ones across the 2 locations. Fifteen of 20 linkage groups (LGs) were found to have QTLs for the 12 traits investigated, and most of the QTLs were clustered, especially on LGs N2 and N7, where similar QTL positions were identified for multiple traits. Eight of 10 QTLs for yield per plant (YP) were also associated with number of seeds per silique (SS), number of siliques per plant (SP), and/or 1000-seed weight (SW). In addition, 45 functional markers involved in 39 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were linked to the QTLs of 12 traits. The present results may serve as a valuable basis for further molecular dissection of agronomic traits in B. napus, and the markers related to QTLs may offer promising possible makers for marker assisted selection.

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Agronomic performance and stability and of grain yield of f2 populations maize hybrids

Scientific Electronic Archives ◽

10.36560/13920201118 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

C. S. Bernini ◽

P. S. Guimarães

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Maize Populations ◽

Wide Range ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Different Types ◽

Productive Potential

In Brazil, corn is grown in a wide variety of environments, investments and technologies, requiring the development of different types of hybrids. Breeding programs aim to identify genotypes with productive potential combined with better adaptation and stability. The objective of this work was to evaluate 28 hybrids of F2 maize populations, obtained from a complete diallel, together with the eight parent F2 populations and two commercial witnesses, regarding the main agronomic traits: male flowering (FM), plant height and ear ( AP and AE) and grain mass (MG) and estimate the parameters of adaptability and stability. The experiments were developed in 2008/2009 and 2009/2010, in three locations in the State of São Paulo (Campinas, Mococa and Palmital) and the experimental design used was the randomized blocks with three replications. Individual and joint analyzes of variance were performed, the means being grouped by the Scott-Knott test and the parameters of adaptability and stability estimated by the methods of Eberhart and Russell (1966) and Annicchiarico (1992). There was a significant difference (P <0.01) for treatments, locations and interaction between treatments in all evaluated characters. The average for MG was 7,515 kg ha-1, highlighting the hybrid P4 x P1 with MG of 9,095 kg ha-1. The average of hybrids was 40.5% higher than that of parental F2 populations. The hybrids of F2 populations differ in terms of adaptability and stability for MG, with the majority of hybrids (82%) showing general adaptability. The P4xP1 and P4xP2 hybrids are superior to MG and are promising for recommendation in a wide range of environments.

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Short communication: Identification of cultivated and wild Vaccinium species grown in Portugal

Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5424/sjar/2018163-12502 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. e07SC01

Author(s):

Márcia Carvalho ◽

Manuela Matos ◽

Valdemar Carnide

Keyword(s):

Short Communication ◽

Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Polymorphic Markers ◽

Wild Populations ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Germplasm Collections ◽

Simple Sequence ◽

Selection Of

Vaccinium crops offer a variety of benefits for human health due their high levels of antioxidants. Genetic diversity between two Vaccinium species (sixteen cultivars of Vaccinium corymbosum and three wild populations of Vaccinium myrtillus) were evaluated using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. In V. corymbosum 74 polymorphic markers corresponding to 83.2% of polymorphism were obtained while in V. myrtillus only four polymorphic markers corresponding to 83.2% and 10.6% of polymorphism were observed. The dendrogram obtained showed a clear division into two distinct groups corresponding to the two analyzed species. V. corymbosum group is divided in different sub-clusters based on cultivars pedigree relationships. Twenty-eight specific bands were detected in total; 6 for V. corymbosum and 22 for V. myrtillus. Results allowed the selection of five primers due it potential to detect specific bands in the two species. These markers could be useful for identifying species and cultivars and consequently help in the management of germplasm collections and in breeding programs.

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Genetic Diversity Assessment of Selected Annona muricata L. Germplasm in Sri Lanka

Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research ◽

10.9734/ajahr/2020/v7i130084 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

S. H. M. R. N. P. Samaradiwakara ◽

W. L. G. Samarasinghe ◽

P. G. S. Shantha ◽

K. G. C. N. Jayarathna ◽

P. Dehigaspitiya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Polymorphic Band ◽

Annona Muricata ◽

Sequence Repeat ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Simple Sequence

Annona muricata L. commonly known as soursop is an underutilized fruit crop species in Sri Lanka gaining much importance in the recent past due to its high nutritional and medicinal value. Soursop germplasm collections are available within the country and assessing the genetic diversity is needed to proceed with conservation, detecting promising lines and breeding programs. This study was conducted to assess the genetic diversity of 50 soursop individuals using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. The study was conducted at Plant Genetic Resources Centre of the Department of Agriculture in Gannoruwa during 2017 to 2019. DNA of the 50 soursop samples were extracted using CTAB method and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was carried using 13 Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) Markers. PCR products were visualized using 1.5 percent Agarose gel electrophoresis under the Biorad Gel documentation system and analyzed using POPGENE 1.31. PCR amplified 139 bands from 13 ISSR markers among which 118 were found to be polymorphic. The polymorphic band percentage was 85 percent while as the average number of bands observed (Na) was 1.8489 and the effective allele number (Ne) was 1.5377. The Nei's gene diversity index (h) was 0.3079. The Shannon Information Index (I) found to be 0.4556. Dendrogram constructed based on the UPGMA method clustered the studied accessions into four major clusters at 80 percent similarity level. Results revealed considerable degree of genetic diversity existed within the studied soursop germplasms at Sri Lanka. Existing genetic diversity within soursop individuals will serve as germplasm bank to identify and utilize potential germplasm resources for conservation and future breeding programs to develop quality soursop varieties in Sri Lanka.

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Genetic variability of Orobanche aegyptiaca infesting tobacco in Iran by Bayesian analysis

Biologia ◽

10.2478/s11756-014-0473-6 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 69 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Samaneh Abedi ◽

Reza Darvishzadeh ◽

Iraj Bernousi ◽

Babak Abdollahi Mandoulakani ◽

Hamid Hatami Maleki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Similarity Coefficients ◽

Genetic Groups ◽

Wide Range ◽

Orobanche Aegyptiaca ◽

Simple Sequence ◽

Issr Primers

AbstractBroomrapes (Orobanche L.) are holoparasitic plants, parasitizing roots of a wide range of host plants. In this study, genetic polymorphism among 44 Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. individuals collected from different regions of northwest Iran was investigated using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Two hundred-sixty one discernible bands were amplified using 20 ISSR primers which 245 (94%) was polymorphic, indicating considerable genetic variation among the examined individuals. The number of polymorphic bands per primer ranged from 4 to 17, averaging 12.25. UPGMA clustering using Jaccard’s similarity coefficients revealed six main groups. Genetic similarity coefficients varied from 0.71 (between individuals 23 and 27) to 0.34 (between 13 and 30). A model-based Bayesian approach subdivided 38 out of 44 broomrape genotypes into 2 genetic groups and the remaining ones were categorized as mixed genotypes based on Q values. According to an analysis of molecular variance, 99% of the total variation was partitioned within genetic groups. The results demonstrated the potential usefulness of ISSR markers for determination of genetic variation in O. aegyptiaca. Understanding the variability in broomrape is important when attempting to develop resistant host crops against this parasite.

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Agronomic Trait and Genetic Analysis of Latvian Flax Germplasm

Environment Technology Resources Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference ◽

10.17770/etr2011vol2.1000 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 260

Author(s):

Dainis Runģis ◽

Linards Ļubinskis ◽

Veneranda Stramkale

Keyword(s):

Dna Markers ◽

Dna Marker ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Field Trials ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Genomic Libraries ◽

Science Centre ◽

History Of ◽

Simple Sequence

There is a long history of flax cultivation in Latvia, and breeding programs were active until 1970’s, when flax breeding in Latvia was halted. Since 1992, the Agriculture Science Centre of Latgale (ASCL) has repatriated Latvian flax germplasm from various genebanks, as well as renewed limited breeding activities in flax. Currently, the ASCL holds a collection of 497 flax accessions, as well as 9865 accessions of various lines and hybrids developed at the LLZC since 1993. To assist in the characterization of this Latvian flax germplasm, we have utilised DNA markers to assess genetic diversity and relatedness, as well as surveying functional polymorphism. We have utilised Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers developed from both genomic libraries as well as expressed sequences. The results of the DNA marker survey were utilised to determine the genetic polymorphism and relatedness within Latvian flax germplasm, and these results were compared with the analysis of agronomic traits carried out in field trials at the ASCL. The development of DNA markers linked to traits of agronomic importance will assist in the development of a Latvian flax breeding program. The use of DNA marker technology will allow more efficient assessment and rational utilization of Latvian flax germplasm.

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Screening of Olive Biodiversity Defines Genotypes Potentially Resistant to Xylella fastidiosa

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.723879 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Stefano Pavan ◽

Marzia Vergine ◽

Francesca Nicolì ◽

Erika Sabella ◽

Alessio Aprile ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Xylella Fastidiosa ◽

Field Evaluation ◽

Genetic Cluster ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Recent Outbreak ◽

Olive Quick Decline Syndrome ◽

Definition Of ◽

Genetic Profiles ◽

Simple Sequence ◽

Selection Of

The recent outbreak of the Olive Quick Decline Syndrome (OQDS), caused by Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca (Xf), is dramatically altering ecosystem services in the peninsula of Salento (Apulia Region, southeastern Italy). Here we report the accomplishment of several exploratory missions in the Salento area, resulting in the identification of thirty paucisymptomatic or asymptomatic plants in olive orchards severely affected by the OQDS. The genetic profiles of such putatively resistant plants (PRPs), assessed by a selection of ten simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, were compared with those of 141 Mediterranean cultivars. Most (23) PRPs formed a genetic cluster (K1) with 22 Italian cultivars, including ‘Leccino’ and ‘FS17’, previously reported as resistant to Xf. The remaining PRPs displayed relatedness with genetically differentiated germplasm, including a cluster of Tunisian cultivars. Markedly lower colonization levels were observed in PRPs of the cluster K1 with respect to control plants. Field evaluation of four cultivars related to PRPs allowed the definition of partial resistance in the genotypes ‘Frantoio’ and ‘Nocellara Messinese’. Some of the PRPs identified in this study might be exploited in cultivation, or as parental clones of breeding programs. In addition, our results indicate the possibility to characterize resistance to Xf in cultivars genetically related to PRPs.

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Molecular diversity and assessment of reactions of pepper pure line germplasm to Botrytis cinerea

Plant Protection Science ◽

10.17221/44/2017-pps ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 54 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 147-152

Author(s):

Polat Ilknur ◽

Baysal Ömür ◽

Gümrükcü Emine ◽

Sülü Görkem ◽

Kitapci Aytül ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Molecular Diversity ◽

Pure Line ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Resistance Level ◽

Significant Information ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Pure Lines ◽

Simple Sequence ◽

Issr Primers

The host resistance level of pure line materials was assessed in the genepool for the purpose of breeding. The highest resistance to the pathogen was observed in bell-type pepper. Moreover, genetic diversity of pure lines was investigated using selected inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers. Generally, genetic markers showed genetic diversity, so that long-type pure lines were separated from the other accessions. This is the first report on host reactions of Turkish pure lines as breeding material. These results provide significant information for future pepper breeding programs.

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