scholarly journals Agronomic performance and stability and of grain yield of f2 populations maize hybrids

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
C. S. Bernini ◽  
P. S. Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Maize Populations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Productive Potential

In Brazil, corn is grown in a wide variety of environments, investments and technologies, requiring the development of different types of hybrids. Breeding programs aim to identify genotypes with productive potential combined with better adaptation and stability. The objective of this work was to evaluate 28 hybrids of F2 maize populations, obtained from a complete diallel, together with the eight parent F2 populations and two commercial witnesses, regarding the main agronomic traits: male flowering (FM), plant height and ear ( AP and AE) and grain mass (MG) and estimate the parameters of adaptability and stability. The experiments were developed in 2008/2009 and 2009/2010, in three locations in the State of São Paulo (Campinas, Mococa and Palmital) and the experimental design used was the randomized blocks with three replications. Individual and joint analyzes of variance were performed, the means being grouped by the Scott-Knott test and the parameters of adaptability and stability estimated by the methods of Eberhart and Russell (1966) and Annicchiarico (1992). There was a significant difference (P <0.01) for treatments, locations and interaction between treatments in all evaluated characters. The average for MG was 7,515 kg ha-1, highlighting the hybrid P4 x P1 with MG of 9,095 kg ha-1. The average of hybrids was 40.5% higher than that of parental F2 populations. The hybrids of F2 populations differ in terms of adaptability and stability for MG, with the majority of hybrids (82%) showing general adaptability. The P4xP1 and P4xP2 hybrids are superior to MG and are promising for recommendation in a wide range of environments.

scholarly journals Assessment of Algerian Maize Populations for Saccharification and Nutritive Value

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana López-Malvar ◽  
Abderahmane Djemel ◽  
Leonardo Gomez ◽  
Rogelio Santiago ◽  
Pedro Revilla
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Maize Populations ◽  
Algerian Sahara ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Grain Starch ◽  
Saccharification Yield ◽  
And Control

Maize (Zea mays L.) from the Algerian Sahara was adapted to arid conditions and has been used for food and feed. The objective of this work was to assess the potential value of Saharan maize for saccharification and nutritive value under drought conditions. Eighteen maize populations from the Algerian Sahara were evaluated under drought and control conditions and representative samples of those populations were taken for nutrients and saccharification analyses. The evaluation of saccharification was made in one Spanish trial under drought and control conditions. Differences among Algerian populations for nutritive value were significant for starch and ash, but not for lipids and proteins. Drought-reduced saccharification yield and differences among populations were significant for saccharification potential under drought conditions, and for saccharification yield under both drought and control conditions. The Algerian populations PI527465 and PI542689 had high grain starch and low ash, PI527469 and PI527474 had a balanced nutritional value, and PI527475 and PI542683 had low grain starch and moderately high ash. Besides high nutritional value, the drought-tolerant population PI542683 had high saccharification under drought conditions. Most agronomic traits had no significant effects on saccharification, and some grain nutrients affected saccharification and agronomic performance. Therefore, improving the nutritive value of grain and saccharification of stover, while maintaining agronomic performance, could be feasible, attending to the weak interactions between them.

scholarly journals Soybean response to NPK fertilization of sowing and potassium at topdressing in soil of improved fertility

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clério Hickmann ◽  
Álvaro Vilela de Resende ◽  
Carlos Alberto Silva ◽  
Julian Junior de Jesus Lacerda ◽  
Antonio Eduardo Furtini Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Additional Input ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Npk Fertilization

The introduction of indeterminate habit soybean cultivars expanded the possibilities of rotation or succession crops in producing areas of the Cerrado region, but it represents a less well-known component in the management of soil fertility. The objective of this work was to verify the agronomic and economic response of indeterminate habit soybean to the variations in NPK fertilization of sowing and potassium at topdressing in an improved fertility Latosol in Campos das Vertentes (MG). The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with subdivided plots in three replications. In plots, the treatments consisted of doses of 315 and 485 kg ha-1 of NPK 02-30-10 formulation in the sowing furrow and, in the subplots, the application of 0, 15, 30 and 45 kg ha-1 of K2O in topdressing at 21 days after sowing was tested. There is no significant difference in the variation of sowing fertilization, but productivity increases linearly by the additional input of potassium at topdressing. Soybean cultivar requires more K2O in maintenance fertilization in soil of improved fertility to express productive potential near 4 t ha-1, which is economically rewarding.

scholarly journals Genetic Parameters of Agronomic Traits in Sweetpotato Accessions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-246
Author(s):  
Wiwit Rahajeng ◽  
Joko Restuono ◽  
Febria Cahya Indriani ◽  
Purwono Purwono
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference

Germplasm as a source of genes in sweetpotato breeding requires information on appearance and genetic parameters. The objectives of this research were to determine the performance and genetic parameters of sweet potato accessions. The research was conducted at Kendalpayak Research Station, Malang, East Java, Indonesia. The materials used were thirty sweet potato accessions from Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI) germplasm collection. The research was arranged in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two replications. The variables observed included: the vines length, the weight of vines, the number and weight of the saleable root per plot, the number and weight of the non-saleable root per plot, the number and weight of root per plant, the root yield, the harvest index, and the dry matter content. The results of ANOVA showed a significant difference among the tested genotypes in almost all traits observed except on weight of non-saleable root. PCV estimation was higher than GCV estimation for all the observed characters. The weight of the saleable root per plot, the weight of root per plant, and the root yield that showed a wide range of PCV and GCV as well as high broad-sense heritability indicated that these traits had additive gene effect and more reliable for effective selection. The broad GCV in a population is effective for selection to obtain the superior variety.

scholarly journals Effect of agronomic traits in the selection expansion volume in popcorn hybrids

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
C. S. Bernini ◽  
B. H. S. Ponce ◽  
A. J. P. Nascimento ◽  
V. P. Silva ◽  
M. A. A. Barelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Southwest Region ◽  
Expansion Capacity

The popcorn is a culture profitable for producers of various technological profiles, mainly due to the higher added value of popcorn in comparison with common maize. With the use of phenotypic correlation in breeding programs, the efficiency in selecting certain favorable character can increase or decrease their expression. The objective was to evaluate agronomic traits of hybrids popcorn in the southwest region of Mato Grosso, Brazil, as well as to estimate the phenotypic correlation. The experimental design was randomized blocks with 15 treatments and 3 replications. The following characters were evaluated: plant height and ear, expansion capacity, number of piruas, weight of grains and production components. The IAC9614.83 stood with the largest grain weight of 2.49 t ha-1, followed by the hybrids IAC367, IAC144.6102, AP6005, BASSO5802, BASSO5803. The expansion capacity showed a negative correlation with number of piruas          -0.69. The grain weight showed a positive correlation with the number of rows of grains of 0.71. It is concluded that IAC 144.6102, AP8203, VYP212 were adequate for the test by presenting favorable aspects for the commercialization of grain.

scholarly journals Agronomic performance of cowpea genotypes in southwestern Brazilian Amazon

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Tadeu de Souza Marinho ◽  
Lauro Saraiva Lessa ◽  
Charles Rodrigues da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
National Average ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Program Show

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) genotypes over three crop years, in the ecosystem of Rio Branco, in the state of Acre, Brazil. The experiments were carried out in the 2016, 2017, and 2018 crop seasons, in a randomized complete block design, with four replicates. Eight agronomic traits were evaluated in 14 cowpea genotypes, which included: 12 lines (BDO 1-5-11, BDO 1-5-15, BDO 1-5-19, BDO 1-5-24, PDO 1-5-26, PDO 1-5-4, PDO 1-5-5, PDO 1-5-7, PDO 1-5-8, PDO 1-5-10, PDO 1-5-11, and PDO 1-5-14) and two cultivars (BRS Tumucumaque and BRS Imponente). A significant difference was observed in the genotype x crop year interaction, for most traits. Although there was no statistical difference between genotypes in the studied crop years, dry seed productivity was higher than the national average. All cowpea lines and cultivars from the genetic breeding program show equivalent and favorable agronomic performances in the environmental conditions of Rio Branco. Therefore, these genotypes can be selected for incorporation into the production system of Rio Branco.

scholarly journals Comparison of cytotoxicity of black phosphorus nanosheets in different types of fibroblasts

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Jin Song ◽  
Iruthayapandi Selestin Raja ◽  
Yu Bin Lee ◽  
Moon Sung Kang ◽  
Hee Jung Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Black Phosphorus ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Toxic Response ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cancerous Cells

Abstract Background Two-dimensional black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) have recently emerged as a successive novel nanomaterial owing to their uniqueness in optical and electrical properties. Although BPNSs have found a wide range of biomedical applications, their biosafety is still a major concern to be addressed. Methods In this study, we have prepared layered BPNSs using liquid exfoliation procedure, and evaluated their physicochemical properties using Fourier Transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Zetasizer analyses. We have investigated potential cytotoxicity of BPNSs against three different types of fibroblast cells, i.e. mouse embryonic fibroblast (NIH3T3), primary cultured normal human dermal fibroblast (nHDF), and fibrosarcoma (HT1080). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was carried out to assess cellular metabolic activity in cells whereas lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity assay was helpful to study plasma membrane integrity. Results Our salient research findings showed that BPNSs were polydispersed in solution due to aggregation. Toxic response of BPNSs against fibroblast cells was in the order, HT1080>nHDF>NIH3T3. The nanosheets reduced the number of cancerous cells with significant difference to normal cells. Conclusions We suggest that BPNSs can be considered for cancer treatment as they destroy cancerous cells effectively. However, a comprehensive study is required to elucidate other biological effects of BPNSs.

scholarly journals Agronomic performance and physicochemical characteristics of onion genotypes under different spacing in the humid Amazonian tropics

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-349
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos Piacentini ◽  
Bruna Corrêa Moreira ◽  
Cláudia Barbosa Cordeiro ◽  
Augusto Uchoa de Andrade ◽  
Marcos Ribeiro da Silva Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Line Spacing ◽  
Southwest Region ◽  
Two Stages

The Southwest region of Pará state, Brazil, imports 100% of all onion consumed from other regions of the country, which generates market dependence and raises the product's costs. The present study investigated parameters related to germination, agronomic performance and postharvest characteristics of five onion cultivars at different planting densities. The experiment was conducted in two stages. In the first, in a greenhouse, the germination kinetics was evaluated. In the second, in the field, the seedlings were transplanted into beds. The experimental design was in complete randomized blocks in a 5 x 3 factorial scheme with three replications. The treatments consisted of the combination of five cultivars (Mata Hari, Dulciana, Cimarron, NUN 1205-F1 and Vale Ouro IPA 11) and three line spacing (20, 30 and 40 cm) 8 cm between plants. As for the germination rate (GR), the results allowed to highlight the cvs. Cimarron and Vale Ouro IPA 11 with an 80.55% and 77.77% of GR, respectively. There was a significant difference for total bulb productivity, highlighting Vale Ouro IPA 11 in the 8 x 20 cm spacing. For the bulb diameter, cv. Vale Ouro IPA 11 obtained the best results in all classes. In the average weight of the bulbs, cv. Vale Ouro IPA 11 in the 8 x 40 cm spacing was the best treatment with 60.77g. As for total soluble solids, cv. Vale Ouro IPA 11 presented °Brix higher than the others, being significant at 1%. These results demonstrate that it is possible to produce quality onions in the Southwest region of Pará, which would reduce prices, since all commercialized onions come from regions outside the state.

scholarly journals Genetic variability in maize and teosinte populations estimated by microsatellites markers

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana de Freitas Terra ◽  
Paula Wiethölter ◽  
Cícero Carlos de Souza Almeida ◽  
Sérgio Delmar dos Anjos e Silva ◽  
Fernanda Bered ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Polymorphism Information Content ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Microsatellites Markers ◽  
Maize Populations ◽  
Genetic Source ◽  
Genomic Similarity

Wild species are important sources of genetic variability and may be exploited by breeding programs. Crosses between teosinte and maize occur freely and teosinte serves as genetic source of agronomic traits for introduction in maize. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic variability among and within maize and teosinte populations (Zea mays mexicana). Two sweet maize populations (BR400 and BR402), two common maize populations (Suwan and Pampa) and one teosinte population were analyzed using microsatellites markers. Results indicated that 64,5% of the variation was detected within the populations, suggesting the possibility of obtaining genetic progress by selection within each population. The analysis with 25 microsatellites loci enabled the identification of 92 alleles with a mean of 3.7 alleles per locus. The average Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) was 0.52. The percentage of polymorphic loci varied from 64% in the BR400 and Pampa populations to 80% in the teosinte population. The estimated genetic distance confirmed the genomic similarity of maize and teosinte.

scholarly journals Multifaceted Analysis of Barley Landraces Collected during Gene Bank Expeditions in Poland at the End of the 20th Century

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1958
Author(s):  
Joanna Dziurdziak ◽  
Paulina Bolc ◽  
Sylwia Wlodarczyk ◽  
Marta Puchta ◽  
Grzegorz Gryziak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Data ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Barley Landraces ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
Simple Sequence

The extensive genetic diversity of crop landraces deposited in gene banks is an important part of future breeding programs. However, in order to exploit this potential, it is necessary both to preserve germplasm and to collect and share a wide range of data on its characteristics and evaluation. The main objective of the presented paper was to evaluate the diversity of spring barley landraces originating from Poland. Historical data from standard field evaluation of agronomic traits, genetic data obtained from Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) analysis and grain morphometric data were used. The analysis showed that groups of hulled and hulls barley accessions were substantially separate. Genetic and grain morphological variation did not show any relationship with eco-geographical conditions in the place of origin. There was also no clear division into forms with two- and six-row ears. The combination of the results of various types of analyzes describing this collection makes us believe that its chances of being used in research and breeding will increase.

scholarly journals Variation of Phytoestrogen Content and Major Agronomic Traits in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Populations

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Marijana Tucak ◽  
Tihomir Čupić ◽  
Daniela Horvat ◽  
Svetislav Popović ◽  
Goran Krizmanić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Clustering Method ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Perennial Legume ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Forage

Alfalfa is the main perennial legume and a rich source of phytoestrogens. Variation of phytoestrogen content and agronomic traits was evaluated in twenty alfalfa populations over two consecutive years. The most dominant phytoestrogen in alfalfa populations was genistein, while slightly lower levels were found for kaempferol and coumestrol. Several populations (Af 1, 12, 18, 19, 20) showed superior agronomic performance, especially high forage yield (up to 71.93 t ha−1). These populations were also characterized by a lower (Af 1, 12, 18, 20) or high (Af 1, 19) content of total and individual phytoestrogens, including Af 8 population with the highest total content (2637.10 μg g-1 of DM) and content of most of the individual phytoestrogens and favorable agronomic properties. Ward hierarchical clustering method grouped the twenty evaluated populations into four distinct clusters. Identified materials provide a valuable source of germplasm for further breeding programs in order to develop new high-yielding cultivars with either low (for forage use) or high (for possible pharmaceuticals/nutraceuticals industries) phytoestrogen content.

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