scholarly journals Aeschynomene spp. Identification and Weed Management in Rice Fields in Southern Brazil

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 453
Author(s):  
Matheus B Martins ◽  
Dirceu Agostinetto ◽  
Silvia Fogliatto ◽  
Francesco Vidotto ◽  
André Andres
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Irrigation Uniformity ◽  
Mature Seeds

In 2002, a survey carried out in rice paddies in the Rio Grande do Sul (RS) state reported the occurrence of nine species of jointvetch (Aeschynomene). Due to their semi-aquatic habit, some species adapted to irrigated rice fields, which led to their being considered the worst broadleaf weed in RS. Although farmers have successfully implemented weed management practices, Aeschynomene plants have reportedly escaped chemical control. This study aims to identify the species of Aeschynomene that occur in rice fields in RS and to evaluate the reasons why escapes are occurring. A survey was carried out by collecting mature seeds from individual adult plants. A questionnaire on the management practices employed in each field was administered to 54 farmers and 18 extension agents, each of whom was responsible for one of the surveyed rice fields. This survey found four species of Aeschynomene are present in rice fields in RS: A. denticulata, A. indica, A. rudis, and A. sensitiva. The results suggest that the explanation for escapes may lie in the management practices adopted by farmers, which are focused on the control of weedy grasses. Escapes are also associated with problems such as the lack of irrigation uniformity and out-of-stage, late herbicide applications.

scholarly journals Aquatic Oligochaeta (Annelida: Clitellata) in wetlands and irrigated rice fields in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (Southern Brazil)

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateus Marques Pires ◽  
Elisangela Secretti ◽  
Guilherme Rossi Gorni ◽  
Nathalie Aparecida de Oliveira Sanches ◽  
Carla Bender Kotzian
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The State ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Aquatic Oligochaeta ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Stylaria Lacustris

ABSTRACT The knowledge of the diversity and distribution of aquatic Oligochaeta (Annelida: Clitellata) species is scarce in southern Brazil. This study presents a list of the species of aquatic Oligochaeta in wetlands and irrigated rice fields in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Collections were carried out in two large wetland remnants and seven irrigated rice fields distributed in three regions across the state. We recorded eight species from two families (Alluroididae and Naididae). We expanded the distribution ranges of two species (Brinkhurstia americana and Stylaria lacustris), which represent new records for the state of Rio Grande do Sul and registered their occurrence in non-documented environments. In specific, the present study increases to 24 species the aquatic Oligochaeta diversity for the state of Rio Grande do Sul. In addition, the spatial distribution of the species recorded suggests that rice fields support a subset of the wetland fauna of aquatic Oligochaeta. The results provide important information on the ecology and distribution of limnic Oligochaeta and are useful to inform on the diversity of this fauna in agroecosystems.

Weed Management in Small Grains Harvested for Grain

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Ferrell ◽  
Gregory MacDonald ◽  
Pratap Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Good Management ◽  
Small Grains ◽  
Crop Competition

Successful weed control in small grains involves using good management practices in all phases of production. In Florida, winter weeds compete with small grains for moisture, nutrients, and light, with the greatest amount of competition occurring during the first six to eight weeks after planting. Weeds also cause harvest problems the following spring when the small grain is mature. This 4-page publication discusses crop competition, knowing your weeds, and chemical control. Written by J. A. Ferrell, G. E. MacDonald, and P. Devkota, and published by the UF/IFAS Agronomy Department, revised May 2020.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of imidazolinone-resistant red rice (Oryza sativa L.) to glyphosate and glufosinate

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1557-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Vestena Cassol ◽  
Luis Antonio de Avila ◽  
Carla Rejane Zemolin ◽  
Andrey Piveta ◽  
Dirceu Agostinetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Resistance Evolution ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Imidazolinone Herbicides

<p>Dose-response experiments were carried out to evaluate the sensitivity of imidazolinone-resistant red rice to nonselective herbicides currently used in rice-soybean rotation in Rio Grande do Sul. Two red rice biotypes previously identified as resistant and susceptible to the imidazolinone herbicides were treated with imazapic plus imazapic, glyphosate and glufosinate under nine herbicide rates. A non-linear log-logistic analysis was used to estimate the herbicide rate that provided 50% red rice control and dry weight reduction (GR<sub>50</sub>). Imidazolinone-resistant red rice exhibited greater GR<sub>50</sub> values than imidazolinone-susceptible biotype for imazapyr plus imazapic. In contrast, both imidazolinone-resistant and susceptible red rice showed similar GR<sub>50</sub>values for glyphosate and glufosinate. These results indicate that glyphosate and glufosinate effectively control imidazolinone-resistant red rice at similar herbicide rates used to control imidazolinone-susceptible; however, integrated weed management practices must be adopted in rice-soybean rotation to delay resistance evolution of red rice populations to glyphosate and glufosinate</p>

scholarly journals First records of Glyphepomis adroguensis (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) and its parasitoid, Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae), on irrigated rice fields in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Menegaz de Farias ◽  
Joana Tartari Klein ◽  
Josué Sant'Ana ◽  
Luiza Rodrigues Redaelli ◽  
Jocélia Grazia
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Telenomus Podisi

scholarly journals Weed Management in Sprinkler-Irrigated Rice: Experiences from Southern Brazil

10.5772/67146 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Andres ◽  
Giovani Theisen ◽  
Gustavo Mack Teló ◽  
Germani Concenço ◽  
José Maria Barbat Parfitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Irrigated Rice

scholarly journals Performance of Dry Direct Seeded Rice and Weeds on Sesbania Brown Manuring as Compared to Farmers’ Practice and Chemical Control Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Chaudhary ◽  
Santosh Marahatta ◽  
Manisha Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
The Individual

The research was conducted to study the comparison of farmers’ weed management practice in rice with chemical control and Sesbania co-culture. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and five different weed management practices. The five treatments were Farmers’ practice (two hand weeding first at 28 DAS and another at 40 DAS), Chemical practice (Bispyribac sodium as post emergence @ 25 g a.i. ha-1 at 25 DAS), Sesbania co-culture (100 kg Sesbania ha-1 and knocking down at 28 DAS), Weed free (Hand removal of weeds at 10 days’ interval) and Weedy check (No weed management). The individual plot size was 5 x 4 m2. The Sesbania co-culture and farmers’ practice were found more or less similar performance for all observed parameters but as better as compared to weedy check and chemical treatment. Sesbania co-culture was found less costly than farmers’ practice for weed management. The experiment clearly demonstrated the importance of brown manuring on effective control of weeds in rice field under dry direct seeded rice.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(3): 265-269

scholarly journals Intercontinental comparison of greenhouse gas emissions from irrigated rice fields under feasible water management practices: Brazil and Japan

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estefânia Silva Camargo ◽  
Gabriel Munhoz Pedroso ◽  
Kazunori Minamikawa ◽  
Yutaka Shiratori ◽  
Cimélio Bayer
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Gas Emissions

scholarly journals Resistance of Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis to Imazapyr+Imazapic Herbicide and Alternative Control in Irrigated Rice

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.F.L. BONOW ◽  
F.P. LAMEGO ◽  
A. ANDRES ◽  
L.A. AVILA ◽  
G.M. TELÓ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Als Inhibitors ◽  
Continuous Use

ABSTRACT: The introduction of Clearfield® system for irrigated rice production provided an effective management strategy in the selective control of weeds. However, the selection pressure caused by the continuous use of herbicides such as imazapyr+imazapic belonging to the imidazolinone chemical group, without the proper integrated management of weeds, has favored the selection of resistant accessions. The goals of this work were to confirm the resistance to ALS inhibitors in accessions of E. crusgalli var. mitis collected in rice fields of the state of Rio Grande do Sul and to evaluate the control with alternative herbicides registered for weed control. Three experiments were conducted in a greenhouse using plant seeds that survived the application of the herbicide imazapyr+imazapic, collected in irrigated rice producing regions with suspected resistance escapes. For dose-response curve study, three resistant accessions (ECH1 - Pelotas/Rio Grande do Sul, ECH27 - Arroio Grande/Rio Grande do Sul and ECH38 - Rio Grande/Rio Grande do Sul) and two susceptible accessions (ECH14 - Pelotas/Rio Grande do Sul and ECH44 - Rio Grande / Rio Grande do Sul) (factor A) and 11 doses of the herbicide imazapyr+imazapic (factor B) were selected. The results indicate that barnyardgrass resistant accessions present a high resistance level to imazapyr+imazapic. ALS inhibiting herbicides such as imazethapyr+imazapic, bispyribac-sodium and penoxsulam did not control the resistant accessions either. Integrated weed management should be adopted and alternative mechanisms of action as ACCAse (cyhalofop-butyl, profoxydim and clethodim) and EPSPS (glyphosate) inhibitors are still eficients controlling barnyardgrass ALS resistant accessions.

scholarly journals CROSS-RESISTANCE OF RICE FLATSEDGE TO ALS-INHIBITING HERBICIDES

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. CHIAPINOTTO ◽  
C.E. SCHAEDLER ◽  
J.P.S. FERNANDES ◽  
A. ANDRES ◽  
F.P. LAMEGO
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dose Experiment ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Cyperus iria (CYPIR) is one of the main weeds in irrigated rice crops. The intense chemical control with acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibiting herbicides favors the selection of cross-resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the crossresistance of CYPIR to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in irrigated rice in Rio Grande do Sul. Two experiments arranged in a factorial scheme, in a completely randomized design, with four replications were conducted. Experiment I consisted of resistant (CYPIR-R) and susceptible (CYPIR-S) biotypes and ALS-inhibiting herbicide doses: imazethapyr (106 g a.i. ha-1); pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (20 g a.i. ha-1); penoxsulam (36 g a.i. ha-1) and, as an alternative herbicide, bentazone (960 g a.i. ha-1); corresponding to 0; 1/16; 1/8; 1/4; 1/2; 1; 2; 4; 8 and 16x (x = maximum registered dose). Experiment II followed the same procedures, with doses of 0; 1/64; 1/32; 1/16; 1/8; 1/4; 1/2; 1 and 2x for CYPIR-S and 0; 1/2; 1; 2; 4; 8; 16; 32; 64 and 128x for CYPIR-R; including bispyribac-sodium (50 g a.i. ha-1). The variables evaluated were: visual control at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after the treatments (DAT) and shoot dry matter (SDM) at 28 DAT. The results, fitted by nonlinear regression, show varied and high levels of cross-resistance of CYPIR-R to ALS-inhibiting herbicides from the group of imidazolinones, sulfonylureas, triazolopyrimidines and pyrimidinyl(thio)benzoates. Bentazone can be used as an alternative herbicide, however, not exclusively in the control of this biotype.

Stakeholder and field surveys on weed issues and research needs in rice production in Texas

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Rui Liu ◽  
Vijay Singh ◽  
Xin-Gen Zhou ◽  
Muthukumar Bagavathiannan
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Hemp Sesbania

Abstract A paper-based survey was conducted from 2015 to 2017 among stakeholders of the Texas rice industry on current weed management challenges and factors influencing management decisions. A total of 108 survey questionnaires were completed by stakeholders at the rice Cooperative Extension meetings conducted in the rice-growing counties of Texas. In addition, late-season field surveys were conducted prior to harvest in 2015 and 2016 across the rice-growing counties to understand dominant weed escapes occurring in rice fields. Results from the questionnaire survey revealed that rice–fallow–rice was the most common rotation practiced in Texas rice production. Echinochloa spp., Leptochloa spp., and Cyperus spp. were the top three problematic weed issues faced by the respondents. Among the Leptochloa species, Nealley’s sprangletop, a relatively new species in rice fields, was indicated as an emerging concern. Clomazone was the most frequently used PRE herbicide, whereas quinclorac, propanil, imazethapyr, and cyhalofop were the popular POST herbicides. Most respondents (72%) made weed-control decisions on the basis of economic thresholds, whereas 63% made decisions on the basis of weed problems from previous years. Most respondents (88%) expressed moderate to high concern for herbicide-resistant weeds in their operations. Strategies to manage herbicide-resistant weeds and economical weed management practices were among the top suggested research needs. The field survey revealed that jungle rice, Nealley’s sprangletop, and hemp sesbania were the top three late-season weed escapes in rice production in Texas, with frequencies of occurrence of 28%, 19%, and 13%, respectively. Furthermore, average field area infested by a species was the greatest for jungle rice (13%), followed by hemp sesbania (11%) and weedy rice (11%). Findings from the stakeholder and field surveys help direct future research and outreach efforts for sustainable weed management in Texas rice.

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