scholarly journals Effects of Organic Energy Crop Rotations and Fertilisation with the Liquid Digestate Phase on Organic Carbon in the Topsoil

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1393
Author(s):  
Karin S. Levin ◽  
Karl Auerswald ◽  
Hans Jürgen Reents ◽  
Kurt-Jürgen Hülsbergen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Energy Crop ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Liquid Digestate ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Positive Effect

Combining organic farming and biogas production from agricultural feedstocks has been suggested as a way of achieving carbon (C) neutrality in Europe. However, as the long-term effects of C removal for methane production on soil organic carbon (SOC) are unclear, organic farmers in particular have questioned whether farm biogas production will have a positive effect on soil fertility. Eight years of data from an organic long-term field trial involving digestate fertilisation and various crop rotations (CRs) with differing proportions of clover-grass leys were used to calculate C inputs based on the CANDY model, and these modelled changes compared with measured changes in SOC content (SOCc) over the same period. Measured SOCc increased by nearly 20% over the eight years. Digestate fertilisation significantly increased SOCc. Fertilised plots with the highest proportion of clover-grass in the CR had the highest SOCc. The C inputs from clover-grass leys, even if they only made up 25% of the CR, were high enough to increase SOCc, even with the removal of all aboveground biomass and without fertilisation. Our results show that biogas production based on clover-grass leys could be an important part of sustainable farming, improving or maintaining SOCc and improving nutrient flows, particularly in organic farming, while simultaneously providing renewable energy.

Long-term effects of crop rotations and fertilization on soil C and N in a thin Black Chernozem in southeastern Saskatchewan

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. Lemke ◽  
A.J. Vandenbygaart ◽  
C.A. Campbell ◽  
G.P. Lafond ◽  
B.G. McConkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Soil C ◽  
No Till ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N

Lemke, R. L., VandenBygaart, A. J., Campbell, C. A., Lafond, G. P., McConkey, B. G. and Grant, B. 2012. Long-term effects of crop rotations and fertilization on soil C and N in a thin Black Chernozem in southeastern Saskatchewan. Can. J. Soil Sci. 92: 449–461. Carbon sequestration in soil is important due to its influence on soil fertility and its impact on the greenhouse gas (GHG) phenomenon. Carbon sequestration is influenced by agronomic factors, but to what extent is still being studied. Long-term agronomic studies provide one of the best means of making such assessments. In this paper we discuss and quantify the effect of cropping frequency, fertilization, legume green manure (LGM) and hay crops in rotations, and tillage on soil organic carbon (SOC) changes in a thin Black Chernozemic fine-textured soil in southeastern Saskatchewan. This was based on a 50-yr (1958–2007) crop rotation experiment which was initiated on land that had previously been in fallow-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (F-W), or F-W-W receiving minimum fertilizer for the previous 50 yr. We sampled soil in 1987, 1996 (6 yr after changing from conventional tillage to no-tillage management and increasing N rates markedly) and again in 2007. The SOC (0–15 cm depth) in unfertilized F-W and F-W-W appears not to have changed from the assumed starting level, even after 20 yr of no-till, but SOC in unfertilized continuous wheat (Cont W) increased slightly [not significant (P>0.05)] in 30 yr, but increased more after 20 yr of no-till (but still not significant). No-till plus proper fertilization for 20 yr increased the SOC of F-W, F-W-W and Cont W in direct proportion to cropping frequency. The SOC in the LGM-W-W (unfertilized) system was higher than unfertilized F-W-W in 1987, but 20 yr of no-tillage had no effect, likely because grain yields and C inputs were depressed by inadequate available P. Soil organic carbon in the two aggrading systems [Cont W (N+P) and F-W-W-hay(H)-H-H (unfertilized)] increased significantly (P<0.05) in the first 30 yr; however, a further 20 yr of no-tillage (and increased N in the case of the Cont W) did not increase SOC suggesting that the SOC had reached a steady-state for this soil and management system. The Campbell model effectively simulated SOC changes except for Cont W(N+P), which it overestimated because the model is ineffective in simulating SOC in very fertile systems. After 50 yr, efficiency of conversion of residue C inputs to SOC was negligible for unfertilized F-W and F-W-W, was 3 to 4% for fertilized fallow-containing systems, was about 6 or 7% for Cont W, and about 11% for the unfertilized F-W-W-H-H-H systems.

Crop rotations with clover and their productivity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Gladysheva ◽  
Oksana Artyuhova ◽  
Vera Svirina
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Pure Steam ◽  
Positive Effect

The results of long-term research in experiments with crop rotations with different clover saturation are presented. It is shown that the cluster has a positive effect on the main indicators of vegetation of dark-gray forest soil. The introduction of two fields of perennial grasses into the six-field crop rotation significantly increases both the humus reserves and increases the productivity of arable land by 1.5–2 times compared to the crop rotation with a field of pure steam.

scholarly journals Socio economic aspect of organic farming practices for improving farmer’s income in some locations of Kerala, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-408
Author(s):  
N Karunakaran ◽  
MS Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Fair Trade ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Open Market ◽  
Organic Certification ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Certified Organic ◽  
Crop Income

Agriculture is the major source of livelihood and is under the big threat of liberalization and modernization. Organic farming is eco-friendly, promotes sustainable development, protects the fertility of the soil and ensures long term crop income to the farmer. In 2018, total area under organic certification process is 3.56 million hectare and produced around 1.70 million MT of certified organic products. In Kerala, the total area under organic farming stands at 15790.49 hectare. Organic farmers fail to capture the market for selling their products and have less capacity in the competing world, leads to worse financial situation of farmers. The total volume of export during 2017-18 was 4.58 lakh MT. Fair trade has flourished as an initiative for lifting poor organic farmers by providing higher price, credit and improved community life. It is also a market for high value products in the global trade policies. Fair Trade Alliance Kerala (FTAK) is a small farmers’ organisation to access global market on fair trade in an equitable trading terms and improved income. The system provides better price to products compared to open market and benefited fair trade exporting. This paper by studying FTAK focused the impacts of it on income and highlights the increased production of organic crops, better prices, premium and schemes to farmers. The study revealed that fair trade farmers earned higher price (20 to 50 percent) for commodities and marketing of products to foreign countries without intermediaries and organic farming is a better option for increasing farmer’s income in India. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(3): 401-408, September 2019

Long-term effects of contrasting tillage on soil organic carbon, nitrous oxide and ammonia emissions in a Mediterranean Vertisol under different crop sequences

2018 ◽  
Vol 619-620 ◽  
pp. 18-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Badagliacca ◽  
Emilio Benítez ◽  
Gaetano Amato ◽  
Luigi Badalucco ◽  
Dario Giambalvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Ammonia Emissions ◽  
Long Term Effects

VR Applied Asobi-Litation System for Dementia Elderly in Group Homes

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 698-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieko Ohsuga ◽  
◽  
Yumiko Inoue ◽  
Wataru Hashimoto ◽  
Fumitaka Nakaizumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Home ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Group Homes ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Rehabilitation System ◽  
System Use ◽  
System Acceptance ◽  
Positive Effect

The “Asobilitation” (Japanese “asobi,” meaning “play,” replaces the “rehab” in “rehabilitation”) system we developed using virtual reality and targeting physical and mental improvement in elderly people with dementia was applied to residents of a group home for the aged, “Nishiyama no Sato.” A pair of residents, or a resident and a caregiver, took part in a cooperative game using bicycling or a balancing exercise. First experiment was executed to evaluate system acceptance and over two thirds of the residents participated indicating that they found the system at least interesting and easy enough to try out. Second experiment was designed for effect assessment of system use, however it showed no clear positive effect of the system on walking, despite our objectives of having the system improve mobility and reverse lower-leg muscle deterioration. A study is thus needed on the system’s continuous, long-term effects, and we must develop an easier way to assess walking function in the elderly with dementia.

Long-term effects of no-tillage management practice on soil organic carbon and its fractions in the northern China

Geoderma ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 379-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enke Liu ◽  
Saba Ghirmai Teclemariam ◽  
Changrong Yan ◽  
Jianmin Yu ◽  
Runsheng Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Northern China ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Long Term Effects
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