scholarly journals Physiological and Molecular Characterization of New Apricot Cultivars Grafted on Different Prunus Rootstocks

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1464
Author(s):  
Patricia Irisarri ◽  
Pilar Errea ◽  
Ana Pina
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Graft Compatibility ◽  
Graft Interface ◽  
Incompatibility Reactions ◽  
New Cultivars

In the last years, an important renewal of plant material from different breeding programs is taking place in apricot in order to improve resistance to biotic stresses, extension of the harvest season, fruit quality, and productivity. However, the graft compatibility of many of these cultivars with most popular Prunus rootstocks is unknown, and this is an essential agronomical trait for their better performance and longevity. Hence, the introduction of new cultivars requires knowledge of the extent and nature of incompatibility reactions before releasing these cultivars on the market. In this study, the determination of graft compatibility was carried out in 13 new apricot cultivars grafted on four Prunus rootstocks: ‘Marianna2624′ (P. cerasifera ×x P. musoniana), ‘Miragreen’ (P. cerasifera × P. davidiana), ‘Mirared’ (P. cerasifera × Nemared), and ‘Montclar’ (P. persica L. seedlings) at early stages of development. By combining cytomorphological, anatomical, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) gene expression analysis at the graft interface, as well as different vegetative parameters, the results highlighted ‘Miragreen’ and ‘Mirared’ as promising rootstocks for apricot, showing the highest degree of compatibility with more than 90% of the apricot cultivars. These results provide useful information for breeders and growers by selecting the most suitable scion-rootstock for efficient orchard design by planting compatible graft combinations.

scholarly journals SELECTION OF PEACH GENOTYPES FOR BIOCHEMICAL FRUIT QUALITY CHARACTERIZATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
KELI CRISTINA FABIANE ◽  
AMÉRICO WAGNER JÚNIOR ◽  
JULIANO ZANELA ◽  
CRISTIANO HOSSEL ◽  
IDEMIR CITADIN
Keyword(s):  
Functional Foods ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Peach is much appreciated by consumers and its popularity is mainly related with organoleptic characteristics. However, with emergence of concepts of functional foods (health promoters), there is high interest to study and to quantify the biochemical components of fruits. The aim of this work was to perform the biochemical characterization of peach genotypes, evaluating the genetic diversity and selecting those with desirable biochemical qualities for use as parents in future breeding programs. The experiment was carried out at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology - UTFPR - Campus of Dois Vizinhos, PR (Brazil), with fruits from 26 and 29 peach genotypes (Prunus persica) in the 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 crop years, respectively. The experimental design was entirely randomized, considering each genotype as treatment, using four replicates and four fruits per plot. Total and reducing sugars, total proteins, amino acids, total phenols, anthocyanins, flavonoids and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme activity (PAL) in fruits were evaluated. According to the results of two crop years, ‘Cascata 967’, ‘Conserva 985’, ‘Kampai’, ‘Tropic Snow’ and ‘Cascata 1055’ were selected as those with the highest levels of these compounds.

Characterization of the structure and determination of mRNA levels of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene family from Populus kitakamiensis

1995 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1133-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriko Osakabe ◽  
Keishi Osakabe ◽  
Shinya Kawai ◽  
Yoshihiro Katayama ◽  
Noriyuki Morohoshi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase Gene

scholarly journals Characterization of cis-elements in hormonal stress-responsive genes in Oryza sativa

2019 ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Saidi ◽  
Zohreh Hajibarat
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Environmental Stresses ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Cis Elements ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Responsive Element ◽  
Dehydrin Gene

Phytohormones play a key role in plant growth and development. The process of plant’s perception and response to abiotic and biotic stresses is controlled mainly by the phytohormones which act as an endogenous messenger in the regulation of the plant’s status. They can be activated by different signaling pathways in response to environmental stresses. Plants respond to environmental stress through interaction of transcription factors with a handful of cis-regulatory elements (CREs). Some examples of cis elements include abscisic acid-responsive element (ABRE), G-box (CACGTG) element, and W-box. In order to investigate the effects of different hormonal stresses which have a key role in response to biotic and abiotic stresses in rice, microarray data was used. Of the available data, 931 genes revealed significant differences in response to different hormonal stresses such as auxin, cytokinin, abcisic acid, ethylene, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid. The present results showed that 388 genes were up-regulated, and 543 genes were down-regulated. Most of the genes were up-regulated in response to Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) hormone. Genes Ontology analysis revealed that they respond to various hormones involved in auxin- responsive genes, auxin-activated signaling pathway and cellular responses to environmental stimuli. G-box had the highest number of cis elements involved in hormonal stress and was regulated by auxin signaling and various stresses. Dehydrin was the only gene up-regulated in response to the six hormones. This gene can be activated in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. As such, dehydrin gene can be used in crop breeding programs to increase tolerance to different environmental stresses in various plant species.

Characterization of new early-season commercial apricot cultivars in Israel and comparison to a local cultivar

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Guillén ◽  
Asya Weksler ◽  
Susan Lurie ◽  
Haya Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Local Cultivar ◽  
New Cultivars

Ripening parameters of newly released apricot cultivars (“Nitzan” and “Daniel”) are characterized and compared to an old local cultivar (“Mustakaui”), which is a white fleshed, sweeter, and smaller fruit, with a shorter shelf life. In 2 consecutive years, at harvest, we examined total soluble solids (TSS) and total acidity (TA) and, during postharvest, chlorophyll and firmness loss, and ethylene and carbon dioxide production rates. Our results show that “Mustakaui” is indeed sweeter and has a lower total acidity content than the other cultivars. However, “Mustakaui” has a similar rate of chlorophyll and firmness loss as the new cultivars. Despite similar rates of chlorophyll and firmness loss, “Mustakaui” produces the highest levels of carbon dioxide and “Daniel” produces the highest ethylene levels. “Nitzan”, on the other hand, did not produce any ethylene in 2 consecutive years, which suggests that another ripening control mechanism exists in this cultivar. Hence, the new cultivars might harbor different ripening programs in comparison to the old “Mustakaui” cultivar. Comparing the levels of volatiles in “Mustakaui” and “Nitzan” indicates that they share the capacity to produce similar volatiles, but these are produced differently in tree-ripened or postharvest-ripened fruits. Variability in volatiles might be useful for any future breeding programs for aroma.

scholarly journals Genetics-assisted breeding for downy/powdery mildew and phylloxera resistance at fem

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 01020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vezzulli ◽  
L. Zulini ◽  
M. Stefanini
Keyword(s):  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Production Data ◽  
First Line ◽  
Sensorial Analysis ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Parental Lines

The genetics-assisted program for resistance to biotic stresses began at the Edmund Mach Foundation in 2007 and has developed on two lines. The first line was based on obtaining resistant materials with parents the historical varieties of Trentino. During the three-year period 2015–2017, 3 Teroldego X Merzling genotypes, 3 Marzemino X Merzling genotypes, 1 Nosiola X Bianca genotype and 1 Nosiola X Kulneany genotype were collected the data related to resistance to various fungal diseases both on the leaf and on the bunch. At harvest the plant production data and the must characteristics were recorded; the grapes were vinified and for each year the wines were subjected to sensorial analysis. 5 resistant selections were considered interesting for all the characteristics found and therefore the data for the registration to the National Register of Grapevine Varieties will be collected. The second line of research was based on the retrieval and both genotypic and phenotypic characterization of potentially parental lines acquired from foreign breeding programs and of wild materials. Once the crossings have been planned and obtained, the evaluation of the progeny takes place following a process of Marker-Assisted Selection optimized in order to maintain a compromise between efficiency and cost containment.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of 93 genotypes of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) with random amplified microsatellites RAMs

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-325
Author(s):  
Yacenia Morillo C. ◽  
Ana Cruz Morillo C. ◽  
Jaime Eduardo Muñoz F. ◽  
William Ballesteros P. ◽  
Alonso González
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Random amplified microsatellite (RAMs) markers six were used to characterize 93 genotypes of cocoa in Tumaco (Colombia). Hundred twenty seven bands were generated. The number of polymorphic loci varied between 11 and 25 for the AG and TG primers, respectively. This study differentiated the 93 genotypes into six groups with a 0.53 similarity, 0.28 mean heterozygosity (He) for the population, and 0.12±0.02 genetic differentiation coefficient or Fst. A significant level of genetic diversity was evident in the T. cacao genotypes. This resource would benefit selection programs of individual trees or plant breeding programs. The genotypes clustered in a large proportion in accordance with the collection zone. This characteristic was associated with collection zones and along the rivers in the municipality of Tumaco. The RAM technique proved to be a useful tool for the determination of genetic diversity in Theobroma species.

Characterization of Impressed Current Technique to Model Corrosion of Reinforcement in Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Abu Zakir Morshed ◽  
Sheikh Shakib ◽  
Tanzim Jahin
Keyword(s):  
Immersion Time ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
Engineering Science ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Faraday’S Law ◽  
Current Technique ◽  
Corrosion Cell ◽  
Impressed Current

Corrosion of reinforcement is an important durability concern for the structures exposed to coastal regions. Since corrosion of reinforcement involves long periods of time, impressed current technique is usually used to accelerate the corrosion of reinforcement in laboratories. Characterization of impressed current technique was the main focus of this research,which involved determination of optimum chloride content and minimum immersion time of specimens for which the application of Faraday’s law could be efficient. To obtain optimum chloride content, the electrolytes in the corrosion cell were prepared similar to that of concrete pore solutions. Concrete prisms of 200 mm by 200 mm by 300 mm were used to determine the minimum immersion time for saturation. It was found that the optimum chloride content was 35 gm/L and the minimum immersion time for saturation was 140 hours. Accounting the results, a modified expression based on Faraday’s law was proposed to calculate weight loss due to corrosion. Journal of Engineering Science 11(1), 2020, 93-99

The Determination of Sense via Deleuze and Blanchot: Paradoxes of the Habitual, the Immemorial, and the Eternal Return

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Brently Young
Keyword(s):  
Eternal Return

Eternal return is the paradox that accounts for the interplay between difference and repetition, a dynamic at the heart of Deleuze's philosophy, and Blanchot's approach to this paradox, even and especially through what it elides, further illuminates it. Deleuze draws on Blanchot's characterisations of difference, forgetting, and the unlivable to depict the ‘sense’ produced via eternal return, which, for Blanchot, is where repetition implicates or ‘carries’ pure difference. However, for Deleuze, difference and the unlivable are also developed by the living repetition or ‘contraction’ of habit, which results in his distinctive characterization of ‘force’, ‘levity’, and sense in eternal return.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document