scholarly journals Assessment of Capsicum annuum L. Grown in Controlled and Semi-Controlled Environments Irrigated with Greywater Treated by Floating Wetland Systems

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1817
Author(s):  
Suhad A. A. A. N. Almuktar ◽  
Suhail N. Abed ◽  
Miklas Scholz ◽  
Vincent C. Uzomah
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Treatment Wetland ◽  
Chilli Plant ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
The Impact

Accumulation of trace elements, including heavy metals, were evaluated in soil and fruits of chilli plants (Capsicum annuum L.) grown under both laboratory-controlled and semi-controlled greenhouse location conditions. Chilli plant biomass growth in different development stages and fruit productivity were evaluated and compared with each other for the impact of growth boundary conditions and water quality effects. Treated synthetic greywaters by different operational design set-ups of floating treatment wetland systems were recycled for watering chillies in both locations. Effluents of each individual group of treatment set-up systems were labelled to feed sets of three replicates of chilli plants in both locations. Results revealed that the treated synthetic greywater (SGW) complied with thresholds for irrigation water, except for high concentrations (HC) of phosphates, total suspended soils, and some trace elements, such as cadmium. Chilli plants grew in both locations with different growth patterns in each development stage. First blooming and high counts of flowers were observed in the laboratory. Higher fruit production was noted for greenhouse plants: 2266 chilli fruits with a total weight of 16.824 kg with an expected market value of GBP 176.22 compared to 858 chilli fruits from the laboratory with a weight of 3.869 kg and an estimated price of GBP 17.61. However, trace element concentrations were detected in chilli fruits with the ranking order of occurrence as: Mg > Ca > Na > Fe > Zn > Al > Mn > Cu > Cd > Cr > Ni > B. The highest concentrations of accumulated Cd (3.82 mg/kg), Cu (0.56 mg/kg), and Na (0.56 mg/kg) were recorded in chilli fruits from the laboratory, while greater accumulations of Ca, Cd, Cu, Mn, and Ni with concentrations of 4.73, 1.30, 0.20, 0.21, and 0.24 mg/kg, respectively, were linked to fruits from the greenhouse. Trace elements in chilli plant soils followed the trend: Mg > Fe > Al > Cr > Mn > Cd > Cu > B. The accumulated concentrations in either chilli fruits or the soil were above the maximum permissible thresholds, indicating the need for water quality improvements.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Effect of the Mineral Fertilization System on the Nutritional Status of Maize Plants and Grain Yield Prediction

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 404
Author(s):  
Renata Gaj ◽  
Piotr Szulc ◽  
Idzi Siatkowski ◽  
Hubert Waligóra
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
The Impact

A strict field experiment with maize was carried out in the years 2009–2011 at the Experimental Station of the Poznań University of Life Sciences. The impact of mineral fertilization levels on the nutritional status of plants at an early development stage 5–6 leaves (BBCH 15/16) was assessed, as well as the possibility of using biomass and the current state of nutrient supply to predict grain yield. The adopted assumptions were verified on the basis of field experiments with nine variants of mineral fertilization and two maize varieties (EURALIS Semences, Lescar, France) (ES Palazzo and ES Paroli SG—“stay-green” (SG)). Regardless of the variety tested, the plants were under-nutritioned with calcium and magnesium. Plant nutritional status and the accumulation of minerals at the BBCH 15/16 stage were the main factors determining the variability of maize grain yields. In addition, it was shown that maize biomass in the BBCH 15/16 stage, calcium content and the N:K ratio significantly determined grain yield of traditional variety. The yield of the “stay-green” hybrid was largely shaped by plant biomass in the BBCH 15/16 stage, potassium, calcium, magnesium contents and N:Mg ratio. Regression analysis showed that grain yield of the tested maize varieties was determined by plant biomass and its content from 59% to 69%.

scholarly journals The Impact of Agricultural Production and Policy on Water Quality during the Dry Year 2018, a Case Study from Germany

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Klages ◽  
Claudia Heidecke ◽  
Bernhard Osterburg
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Nitrogen Surplus ◽  
The Impact

The hot summer of 2018 posed many challenges with regard to water shortages and yield losses, especially for agricultural production. These agricultural impacts might further pose consequent threats for the environment. In this paper, we deduce the impact of droughts on agricultural land management and on water quality owing to nitrate pollution. Using national statistics, we calculate a Germany-wide soil surface nitrogen budget for 2018 and deduce the additional N surplus owing to the dry weather conditions. Using a model farm approach, we compare fertilization practices and legal restrictions for arable and pig breeding farms. The results show that, nationwide, at least 464 kt of nitrogen were not transferred to plant biomass in 2018, which equals an additional average nitrogen surplus of 30 kg/ha. The surplus would even have amounted to 43 kg/ha, if farmers had continued their fertilization practice from preceding years, but German farmers applied 161 kt less nitrogen in 2018 than in the year before, presumably as a result of the new implications of the Nitrates Directive, and, especially on grassland, owing to the drought. As nitrogen surplus is regarded as an “agri-drinking water indicator” (ADWI), an increase of the surplus entails water pollution with nitrates. The examples of the model farms show that fertilization regimes with high shares of organic fertilizers produce higher nitrogen surpluses. Owing to the elevated concentrations on residual nitrogen in soils, the fertilization needs of crops in spring 2019 were less pronounced than in preceding years. Thus, the quantity of the continuously produced manure in livestock farms puts additional pressure on existing storage capacities. This may particularly be the case in the hot-spot regions of animal breeding in the north-west of Germany, where manure production, biogas plants, and manure imports are accumulating. The paper concludes that water shortages under climate change not only impact agricultural production and yields, but also place further challenges and threats to nutrient management and the environment. The paper discusses preventive and emergency management options for agriculture to support farmers in extremely dry and hot conditions.

The impact of soy protein isolate-dextran conjugation on capsicum oleoresin (Capsicum annuum L.) nanoemulsions

2020 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 105818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhou ◽  
Fei Teng ◽  
Tian Tian ◽  
Rokayya Sami ◽  
Changling Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Soy Protein Isolate ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Impact of Cedzyna Reservoir on Selected Physicochemical Parameters of River Water Quality (Swietokrzyskie Mountains, Poland)

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Joanna Przybylska ◽  
Joanna Kaleta ◽  
Rafał Kozłowski
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
River Water ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Chemical Composition Of Water ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Natural Characteristics

Abstract The monitoring of selected physicochemical parameters and chemical composition of water was conducted in 2017-2018 in the Lubrzanka river and the Cedzyna reservoir (Swietokrzyskie Mountains, Poland). The results indicate that the impact of reservoir on the quality of river water depends on natural characteristics of the catchment as well as on the present anthropogenic pressure. Retention of water in the reservoir caused seasonally diversified changes in analysed parameters, including an increase in water temperature, retention of major ions, nutrients and trace elements. Further research is needed to assess the risk of contamination of lower course of the river with metals deposited in reservoir’s bottom sediments.

scholarly journals Contaminations of Soil and Two Capsicum annuum Generations Irrigated by Reused Urban Wastewater Treated by Different Reed Beds

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhad Almuktar ◽  
Suhail Abed ◽  
Miklas Scholz
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
The Impact

Background: In order to save potable water, this study aims to evaluate the contamination of soil and Capsicum annuum L. (chilli) watered with urban wastewater (sewage) pre-treated by various wetland systems. Methods: The appropriateness of wetland outflow for irrigation when applying reused wastewater with high contamination of minerals and pathogens was assessed. The impact of wastewaters pre-treated by various wetlands on soil and harvest was tested in terms of mineral and biological contamination risk. Results: The wetlands met the standards for irrigation water for most water quality variables. However, the thresholds for key water quality parameters were significantly (p < 0.05) exceeded. The highest values for total coliforms, ammonium-nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were 157,072 CFU/100 mL, 8.5 mg/L, 5.0 mg/L, and 7.0 mg/L, respectively. The harvest was moderately polluted only by zinc according to vegetable quality standards (threshold of 50 mg/kg). Zinc concentrations for Filters 2, 4, 6, 7 and 8 were 35.8, 60.6, 65.1, 65.5 and 53.2 mg/kg, respectively. No bacterial contamination was detected. Conclusions: Treatment of domestic wastewater applying constructed wetlands and subsequent recycling of the treated wastewater for irrigation of crops is a good substitute to the traditional application of drinking water for irrigation purposes.

The impact of lime on water quality when draining clay soils

Ekologija ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentinas Šaulys ◽  
Nijolė Bastienė
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
The Impact
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