scholarly journals Lead Bioaccumulation and Translocation in Herbaceous Plants Grown in Urban and Peri-Urban Soil and the Potential Human Health Risk

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2444
Author(s):  
Ada Baldi ◽  
Stefano Cecchi ◽  
Chiara Grassi ◽  
Camillo A. Zanchi ◽  
Simone Orlandini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Spiked Soil ◽  
Pot Trials ◽  
Potential Possibility ◽  
Safe Limit ◽  
Edible Parts

Lead (Pb) contamination risks to crops grown in urban and peri-urban soils is a great concern that should be better evaluated to define the Pb maximum levels in soils for safe cultivation and to identify suitable strategies to remediate Pb polluted urban soils. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential risk for human health from the ingestion of the edible portions of barley, castor bean, common bean, Indian mustard, sorghum, spinach, and tomato grown in an unpolluted soil (initial Pb content 32.6 mg kg−1) spiked with 0, 300, 650, 1000 mg Pb kg−1, respectively. The potential possibility of using these plants to phyto-remediate the soil of Pb was also assessed. Pot trials were conducted for two years (2008 and 2009). Results highlighted that all the investigated species were able to attain growth to maturity in high Pb spiked soil, although Pb influenced dry matter accumulation. Even in soils with low Pb concentrations, Pb accumulated the edible parts. Noteworthy, even in untreated control soils, all tested species revealed a Pb concentration in the edible parts that was higher than the safe limit set by FAO/WHO. None of the investigated species were considered Pb hyperaccumulators, but all were shown to be potentially suitable for phyto-stabilization.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals and Microbes Accumulation in Soil and Food Crops Irrigated with Wastewater and the Potential Human Health Risk: A Metadata Analysis

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 3405
Author(s):  
Yahia A. Othman ◽  
Amani Al-Assaf ◽  
Maher J. Tadros ◽  
Abeer Albalawneh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
The World ◽  
Metadata Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Edible Parts

Wastewater is actively used for irrigation of vegetable and forage crops in arid lands due to water scarcity and cost advantages. The objective of this review was to assess the effect of wastewater (mixture sources) reuse in irrigation on soil, crop (vegetable and forage crops), animal products, and human health. The metadata analysis of 95 studies revealed that the mean of toxic heavy metals including nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in untreated wastewater were higher than the world standard limits in wastewater-irrigated regions. Although heavy metals in treated wastewater were within the standard limits in those areas, the concentration of those toxic elements (Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, and As) exceeded the allowable limits in both soil and vegetables’ edible parts. In fact, the concentration of heavy metals in vegetables’ edible parts increased by 3–9 fold when compared with those irrigated with fresh water. Escherichia coli in wastewater-irrigated soil was about 2 × 106 (CFU g−1) and about 15 (CFU g−1) in vegetables’ edible parts (leaf, bulb, tuber and fruit) while the mean total coliforms was about 1.4 × 106 and 55 (CFU g−1) in soil and vegetables’ edible parts, respectively. For human health risk assessment, the estimated daily intake (EDI) and human health risk index (HRI) ranged from 0.01 to 8 (EDI and HRI > 1.0 associated with adverse health effects). Although the mean of EDI for heavy metals from wastewater-irrigated vegetables were less than 1, the HRI for Cd and Pb were above the limits for safe consumption. Overall, heavy metal levels in wastewater that used for irrigation of agricultural crops could be within the recommended levels by the world standards, but the long-term use of this reused water will contaminate soil and crops with several toxic heavy metals leading to potential carcinogenic risks to humans. Therefore, rigorous and frequent testing (wastewater, soil, and plant) is required in cultivated farms to prevent the translocation of heavy metals in the food chain.

scholarly journals Concentration, Spatial Distribution, Contamination Degree and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Urban Soils across China between 2003 and 2019—A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangmei Tong ◽  
Hairong Li ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Muyesaier Tudi ◽  
Linsheng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Contamination Levels

This study provides an overview of the studies of heavy metal pollution regarding As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn and Ni in the urban soils throughout 71 cities of China, based on data from online literature, during the period 2003–2019. The concentrations, spatial distributions, contamination degrees and health risks of heavy metals in the urban soils were evaluated. The results demonstrated that the mean values of eight heavy metals all exceeded the soil background values in China, and the kriging interpolation method showed that the hot-spot cities with heavy metal contamination in urban soils were mainly concentrated in the southwest, southcentral, southeast coast, northcentral and northwest regions of China. The geoaccumulation index (Igeo) indicated that Hg and Cd were at moderate contamination levels and that the levels of the other six metals did not appear contamination. The pollution index (PI) showed that Cd and Hg reached high contamination levels, and the other metals reached moderate contamination levels. The integrated pollution index (IPI) and potential ecological risk index (PRI) indicated that the integral urban soils in the study areas ranked high contamination levels and moderate ecological risk degree, respectively, and Cd and Hg should be labeled as priority metals for control in the urban soils around China. The human health risk assessments for the heavy metals indicated that ingestion was the dominant exposure pathway for having adverse effects on human health. The mean Hazard index (HI) values of eight heavy metals all showed that adverse effects on human health were unlikely, and the mean carcinogenic (CR) values of As, Cr and Ni for children and adults all suggested an acceptable carcinogenic risk to human beings. In addition, children exposed to these heavy metals faced more serious non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health threats compared to adults. The results could provide valuable information for demanding the better control of heavy metal pollution and mitigation of the adverse effects on residents by environmental regulators in national urban regions.

scholarly journals 539 Assessing Soil and Water Thresholds for Potential Dietary Zinc Toxicity in Selected Vegetable Crops

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 488D-488
Author(s):  
X.E. Yang ◽  
X.X. Long ◽  
W.Z. Ni ◽  
E.W. Stover
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Zinc Toxicity ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Soil Culture ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Zn Tolerance ◽  
Edible Parts ◽  
Soil And Water

Vegetables play an important role in the human diet, and production in suburban areas has increased as populations have become more urbanized. However, heavy metal pollution of soils has enhanced in such areas, and metal accumulation in vegetables may pose a human health risk when consumed. Zinc is an essential micronutrient for plants and humans, but it is toxic to plants and humans at high levels. Although a maximum Zn tolerance for human health has been established for edible parts of vegetables (20 mg/kg DW), little information is available for predicting vegetable Zn concentration based on soil and water Zn levels. The objectives of this study were to determine the critical Zn concentrations in nutrition solution and soil to reach maximum Zn tolerance concentrations in Chinese cabbage, bok choy, and celery. Five Zn levels were used for both solution and soil culture experiments, with three replicates of each. Shoot growth was significantly inhibited at Zn concentrations above 50 mg/L in nutrition solution and above 180 mg/kg in soil. The sensitivity of crops to zinc toxicity, in term of shoot and root growth, decreased in the order: celery > Chinese cabbage > bok choy. Zinc accumulation in shoots and edible parts varied with Zn supply levels and type of vegetables. A negative correlation was noted between Zn accumulation and dry matter yields, with r-squared values of 0.980** for nutrient solution and 0.960* for soil culture. Zinc concentrations in shoots or edible vegetable parts were below 20 mg/kg (human health threshold) when they were grown at DTPA extractable Zn in the soil less than 75, 100, and 175 mg/kg for bok choy, celery, and Chinese cabbage, respectively.

scholarly journals Air Quality and Human Health Risk Assessment in the Residential Areas at the Proximity of the Nkolfoulou Landfill in Yaoundé Metropolis, Cameroon

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Feuyit ◽  
Serge Nzali ◽  
John Ngolui Lambi ◽  
Samuel Laminsi
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Cancer Risks ◽  
Safe Limit

Landfill operations generate particulate matters (PM) and toxic gases that can jeopardize human health. This study was conducted in February 2016 to assess the air quality in the residential areas around the Nkolfoulou landfill in Yaoundé. The concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were determined with Dust Sentry while those of CO, O3, NO2, CH4, CO2, CH2O, H2S, and SO2 were measured using gas sensors. At the landfill neighborhood, 30% of the daily mean concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 crossed the daily safe limits. The concentrations of CO, O3, NO2, SO2, and H2S recorded at the propinquity of the landfill complied with the emission standards. Near the landfill, hourly mean concentrations of CH2O and H2S higher than their odour thresholds were recorded at each sampling site. The concentrations of CH4 were less than its lower explosive limit while those of CO2 were far below the safe limit for occupational health. The values of cancer risk (CR) due to the inhalation of CH2O were >10−6 while those of hazard index (HI) due to the inhalation of CH2O, H2S, and SO2 were <1. Thus, there might be increased cancer risks at the Nkolfoulou landfill neighborhood, whereas the increased non-cancer risks were low. 96.76% of the daily average levels of air pollutants registered near the landfill surpassed those recorded at the remote control site. Hence, the landfill operations might be supplying air pollutants to the neighbouring residential areas.

Human health risk assessment and riskiest heavy metal origin identification in urban soils of Yerevan, Armenia

Chemosphere ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 1230-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gevorg Tepanosyan ◽  
Lilit Sahakyan ◽  
Olga Belyaeva ◽  
Nairuhi Maghakyan ◽  
Armen Saghatelyan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Human Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Origin Identification
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document