scholarly journals AgROS: A Robot Operating System Based Emulation Tool for Agricultural Robotics

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoum Tsolakis ◽  
Dimitrios Bechtsis ◽  
Dionysis Bochtis
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Real World ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Ground Vehicles ◽  
Robot Operating System ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Robot Systems ◽  
Actual Field ◽  
And Performance ◽  
World Environment

This research aims to develop a farm management emulation tool that enables agrifood producers to effectively introduce advanced digital technologies, like intelligent and autonomous unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), in real-world field operations. To that end, we first provide a critical taxonomy of studies investigating agricultural robotic systems with regard to: (i) the analysis approach, i.e., simulation, emulation, real-world implementation; (ii) farming operations; and (iii) the farming type. Our analysis demonstrates that simulation and emulation modelling have been extensively applied to study advanced agricultural machinery while the majority of the extant research efforts focuses on harvesting/picking/mowing and fertilizing/spraying activities; most studies consider a generic agricultural layout. Thereafter, we developed AgROS, an emulation tool based on the Robot Operating System, which could be used for assessing the efficiency of real-world robot systems in customized fields. The AgROS allows farmers to select their actual field from a map layout, import the landscape of the field, add characteristics of the actual agricultural layout (e.g., trees, static objects), select an agricultural robot from a predefined list of commercial systems, import the selected UGV into the emulation environment, and test the robot’s performance in a quasi-real-world environment. AgROS supports farmers in the ex-ante analysis and performance evaluation of robotized precision farming operations while lays the foundations for realizing “digital twins” in agriculture.

A ROS-Simulink Real-Time Communication Bridge Using UDP With a Driver-in-the-Loop Application

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Wahba ◽  
Robert Leary ◽  
Nicolás Ochoa-Lleras ◽  
Jariullah Safi ◽  
Sean Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Physical Separation ◽  
Robot Operating System ◽  
Time Latency ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Fast Transmission

This paper presents implementation details and performance metrics for software developed to connect the Robot Operating System (ROS) with Simulink Real-Time (SLRT). The communication takes place through the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) which allows for fast transmission of large amounts of data between the two systems. We use SLRT’s built-in UDP communication and binary packing blocks to send and receive the data over a network. We use implementation metrics from several examples to illustrate the effectiveness and drawbacks of this bridge in a real-time environment. The time latency of the bridge is analyzed by performing loop-back tests and obtaining the statistics of the time delay. A proof of concept experiment is presented that utilizes two laboratories that ran a driver-in-the-loop system despite a large physical separation. This work provides recommendations for implementing data integrity measures as well as the potential to use the system with other applications that demand high speed real-time communication.

scholarly journals Special Issue on Wearable Robotics: Dynamics, Control and Applications

Robotica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 2011-2013
Author(s):  
Qining Wang ◽  
Nicola Vitiello ◽  
Samer Mohammed ◽  
Sunil Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Loop Optimization ◽  
Human In The Loop ◽  
Wearable Robots ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
Robot Systems ◽  
And Control ◽  
Human Robot Interfaces

While initially conceived for human motion augmentation, wearable robots have gradually evolved as technological aids in motion assistance and rehabilitation. There are increasing real-world applications in industrial and medical scenarios. Though efforts have been made on wearable robotic systems, e.g. robotic prostheses and exoskeletons, there are still several challenges in kinematics and actuation solutions, dynamic analysis and control of human-robot systems, neuro-control and human-robot interfaces; ergonomics and human-in-the-loop optimization. Meanwhile, real-world applications in industrial or medical scenarios are facing difficulties considering effectiveness.

scholarly journals Simulating Ionising Radiation in Gazebo for Robotic Nuclear Inspection Challenges

Robotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Thomas Wright ◽  
Andrew West ◽  
Mauro Licata ◽  
Nick Hawes ◽  
Barry Lennox
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Radiation Transport ◽  
Ionising Radiation ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Radioactive Materials ◽  
Robot Operating System ◽  
Transport Code ◽  
Radiation Sources ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
Over Time

The utilisation of robots in hazardous nuclear environments has potential to reduce risk to humans. However, historical use has been largely limited to specific missions rather than broader industry-wide adoption. Testing and verification of robotics in realistic scenarios is key to gaining stakeholder confidence but hindered by limited access to facilities that contain radioactive materials. Simulations offer an alternative to testing with actual radioactive sources, provided they can readily describe the behaviour of robotic systems and ionising radiation within the same environment. This work presents a quick and easy way to generate simulated but realistic deployment scenarios and environments which include ionising radiation, developed to work within the popular robot operating system compatible Gazebo physics simulator. Generated environments can be evolved over time, randomly or user-defined, to simulate the effects of degradation, corrosion or to alter features of certain objects. Interaction of gamma radiation sources within the environment, as well as the response of simulated detectors attached to mobile robots, is verified against the MCNP6 Monte Carlo radiation transport code. The benefits these tools provide are highlighted by inclusion of three real-world nuclear sector environments, providing the robotics community with opportunities to assess the capabilities of robotic systems and autonomous functionalities.

scholarly journals The Development of Mapping, Covering and Control Strategies for a Vacuum Cleaner Robot 

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Real World ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Vacuum Cleaner ◽  
Robot Operating System ◽  
Single Pass ◽  
And Control

Modern households are becoming more and more convenient and intelligent by applying new technology to reduce the time spent on house chores. In this study, the authors proposed the mapping, covering strategies, and control algorithms for vacuum cleaner robot. The robot will automatically implement the cleaning task in a single pass. The sensor system includes infrared sensor, 9 Dof MPU 9250, Delta Lidar 2A, ultrasonic sensor to help robots navigate, build maps and detect obstacles. ROS system (Robot Operating System) is used to control and simulate vacuuming operation in real-world environments. The experiments are conducted in order to illustrate the superiority of the proposed approach.

scholarly journals Robot Operating System 2

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 172988141877001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo DiLuoffo ◽  
William R Michalson ◽  
Berk Sunar
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Robotic System ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Robot Operating System ◽  
Distributed Services ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
System 2 ◽  
Deployed Systems

It is no secret that robotic systems are expanding into many human roles or are augmenting human roles. The Robot Operating System is an open-source standard for the robotic industry that enables locomotion, manipulation, navigation, and recognition tasks by integrating sensors, motors, and controllers into reusable modules over a distributed messaging architecture. As reliance on robotic systems increases, these systems become high value targets, for example, in autonomous vehicles where human life is at risk. As Robot Operating System has become a de facto standard for many robotic systems, the security of Robot Operating System becomes an important consideration for deployed systems. The original Robot Operating System implementations were not designed to mitigate the security risks associated with hostile actors. Robot Operating System 2, the next generation of the Robot Operating System, addresses this shortcoming, leveraging Data Distributed Services for its messaging architecture and Data Distributed Services security extension for its data protection in motion. This article provides a systematic review of Robot Operating System 2 and identifies potential risks for this new robotic system paradigm. A Robot Operating System 2 robotic system is viewed as a series of layers from the hardware that include sensors, motors, and controllers to the software layers, which include the operating system, security services, protocols, messaging, and the cognitive layer for observation, learning, and action. Since Robot Operating System 2 and security are new considerations for robotics systems as they move into mainstream, many questions emerge. For example, can some portions be secure and other portions be non-secure? Does everything need to be secure? What are the trade-offs between, security, performance, latency and throughput? What about real-time robotic systems? This article provides an overview of the Robot Operating System 2 paradigm and represents a first step toward answering these questions.

scholarly journals ROS integrated object detection for SLAM in unknown, low-visibility environments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Christie ◽  
Osama Ennasr ◽  
Garry Glaspell
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Object Detection ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Ground Vehicles ◽  
Infrared Imagery ◽  
Robot Operating System ◽  
Detection Model ◽  
Localization And Mapping ◽  
Low Visibility ◽  
Bounding Boxes

Integrating thermal (or infrared) imagery on a robotics platform allows Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGV) to function in low-visibility environments, such as pure darkness or low-density smoke. To maximize the effectiveness of this approach we discuss the modifications required to integrate our low-visibility object detection model on a Robot Operating System (ROS). Furthermore, we introduce a method for reporting detected objects while performing Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) by generating bounding boxes and their respective transforms in visually challenging environments.

scholarly journals The Integration of Collaborative Robot Systems and Their Environmental Impacts

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian Stefanita Grigore ◽  
Iustin Priescu ◽  
Daniela Joita ◽  
Ionica Oncioiu
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Robot Control ◽  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Ground Vehicles ◽  
Robot Systems ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Collaborative Robot

Today, industrial robots are used in dangerous environments in all sectors, including the sustainable energy sector. Sensors and processors collect and transmit information and data from users as a result of the application of robot control systems and sensory feedback. This paper proposes that the estimation of a collaborative robot system’s performance can be achieved by evaluating the mobility of robots. Scenarios have been determined in which an autonomous system has been used for intervention in crisis situations due to fire. The experimental model consists of three autonomous vehicles, two of which are ground vehicles and the other is an aerial vehicle. The conclusion of the research described in this paper highlights the fact that the integration of robotic systems made up of autonomous vehicles working in unstructured environments is difficult and at present there is no unitary analytical model.

Real-world environment affects the color appearance of virtual stimuli produced by augmented reality

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-242
Author(s):  
Siyuan Chen ◽  
Minchen Wei
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Real World ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Light Level ◽  
Color Appearance ◽  
Chromatic Adaptation ◽  
Lighting Condition ◽  
The Real ◽  
World Environment

Color appearance models have been extensively studied for characterizing and predicting the perceived color appearance of physical color stimuli under different viewing conditions. These stimuli are either surface colors reflecting illumination or self-luminous emitting radiations. With the rapid development of augmented reality (AR) and mixed reality (MR), it is critically important to understand how the color appearance of the objects that are produced by AR and MR are perceived, especially when these objects are overlaid on the real world. In this study, nine lighting conditions, with different correlated color temperature (CCT) levels and light levels, were created in a real-world environment. Under each lighting condition, human observers adjusted the color appearance of a virtual stimulus, which was overlaid on a real-world luminous environment, until it appeared the whitest. It was found that the CCT and light level of the real-world environment significantly affected the color appearance of the white stimulus, especially when the light level was high. Moreover, a lower degree of chromatic adaptation was found for viewing the virtual stimulus that was overlaid on the real world.

F1_Tenth_Course_Report_Group_C

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Chen ◽  
Sagar Manglani ◽  
Roberto Merco ◽  
Drew Bolduc
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Software Tools ◽  
Simulation Environment ◽  
Robot Operating System ◽  
Available Information

In this paper, we discuss several of major robot/vehicle platforms available and demonstrate the implementation of autonomous techniques on one such platform, the F1/10. Robot Operating System was chosen for its existing collection of software tools, libraries, and simulation environment. We build on the available information for the F1/10 vehicle and illustrate key tools that will help achieve properly functioning hardware. We provide methods to build algorithms and give examples of deploying these algorithms to complete autonomous driving tasks and build 2D maps using SLAM. Finally, we discuss the results of our findings and how they can be improved.

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