Influence of Dietary Garlic (Allium sativum) and/or Ascorbic Acid on Performance, Feed Utilization, Body Composition and Hemato-Biochemical Parameters of Juvenile Asian Sea Bass (Lates calcarifer)

The current study investigated effects of garlic (Allium sativum) and/or ascorbic acid on growth performance, feed utilization, biochemical body composition, and hemato-biochemical parameters of juvenile Asian sea bass. A total of 600 fish (43.14 ± 0.23 g body weight) were divided into four groups. Fish in the first group were fed basal diet and served as a control group. Fish in groups 2, 3 and 4 were fed a basal diet mixed with garlic (40 g/kg diet), ascorbic acid (1.5 g/kg diet), or garlic (20 g/kg diet)/ascorbic acid (0.75 g/kg diet) mixture, respectively, for 12 weeks. A significant (p < 0.05) increase was observed in growth performance, feed utilization, and chemical body composition in fish fed garlic alone in comparison with the control and other treated groups. All hematological indices, biochemical parameters, and survival rate were not changed significantly (p > 0.05) in all groups throughout the experimental period when compared with the control. Total cholesterol and feed conversion ratio were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in fish fed garlic alone in comparison to the control and other treated groups. Conclusively, dietary supplementation of garlic alone (40 g/kg diet) was highly effective in improving most of the studied parameters in comparison with that of ascorbic acid alone or a mixture of garlic (20 g/kg diet) and ascorbic acid (0.75 g/kg diet).

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Immune response and growth of Lates calcarifer fed on hydrolized protein-supplemented diet

Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia ◽

10.19027/jai.13.179-188 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 179

Author(s):

Romi Novriadi ◽

Tinggal Hermawan ◽

, Ibtisam ◽

, Dikrurrahman ◽

Muh Kadari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽

Challenge Test ◽

Relative Weight ◽

Sea Bass ◽

Protein Hydrolysates ◽

Control Group ◽

Lates Calcarifer ◽

Asian Sea Bass

ABSTRACT This experiment was aimed to investigate the effects of protein hydrolysates on growth performance and immune response of the Asian sea bass Lates calcarifer Bloch. The experiment was performed in two different rearing period, namely nursery and grow out by using completely randomized design. Experimental fish were fed with three types of diets and each treatment was repeated three times: a local commercial diet (control), coated or not, with 2%, and 3% of protein hydrolysates. Challenge test was performed with Vibrio parahaemolyticus at a density of 105 sel/mL by using immersion method. The results showed that the the neutrofil, leukocyte and monocyte of the fish fed on protein hydrolisates were significantly higher than those non-supplemented group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the lymphocyte on the fish treated with hydrolisates showed no difference amongst treatments (P<0.05). The growth performance of Asian sea bass fed on protein hydrolisates significantly improved the total fish weight (g), relative weight gain, specific growth rate, final weight (g) and final length (cm) in comparison to the control (P<0.05) both at nursery and grow out phase. Higher survival both at the nursery and grow out phase were obtained by the group fed with 3% protein hydrolisates: 97.28±0.18% and 86.0±4.32%. Followed with 2% supplementation level 96.75±0.28% and 78.4±7.7%. The lowest survival was shown by the control group with 93.65±0.13% and 20.1±21.1% from nursery and grow-out phase respectively. Results of challenged test showed that the protein hydrolisates supplementation was able to improve the post-challenged survival and resistency of Asian sea bass against V. parahaemolyticus infection. Fish treated with 3% protein hydrolisates generated higher survival 78,33±2,89%, followed by treatment 2% 73,33±5,77%, and control 31,67±7,64% after five days post immersion (P<0.05). Keywords: Asian sea bass, protein hydrolisates, growth, immune system ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas suplementasi protein hidrolisis pada pakan terhadap respons kekebalan tubuh dan performa pertumbuhan ikan kakap putih Lates calcarifer. Penelitian dilakukan di dua fase pemeliharaan, yakni fase pendederan dan pembesaran dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga perlakuan dan masing–masing perlakuan memiliki tiga ulangan, dengan deskripsi perlakuan adalah kontrol, aplikasi 3% dan 2% protein hidrolisis. Uji tantang dilakukan dengan menggunakan Vibrio parahaemolyticus pada konsentrasi 105 sel/mL dengan metode perendaman. Hasil analisa respons kekebalan tubuh menunjukkan bahwa neutrofil, leukosit, dan monosit pada kelompok ikan yang mendapatkan aplikasi protein hidrolisis meningkat secara nyata dibandingkan kontrol (P<0,05). Sementara limfosit pada kelompok perlakuan protein hidrolisis tidak memiliki perbedaan yang nyata dibandingkan kontrol (P<0,05). Performa pertumbuhan ikan kakap putih yang mendapatkan suplementasi protein hidrolisis juga memiliki total bobot (g), % bobot relatif, % laju pertumbuhan spesifik, bobot akhir (g) dan panjang akhir (cm) yang secara nyata lebih baik jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol (P<0,05) baik pada masa pemeliharaan di pendederan maupun di pembesaran. Sintasan paling tinggi pada fase pendederan dan pembesaran terdapat pada kelompok suplementasi 3% dengan 97,28±0,18% dan 86,0±4,3%. Diikuti oleh kelompok 2% dengan 96,75±0,28% dan 78,4±7,7%; dan paling rendah diperoleh pada kelompok kontrol dengan 93,65±0,13 % dan 20,1±21,1% masing-masing dari fase pembenihan dan pembesaran. Hasil uji tantang menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi protein hidrolisis mampu meningkatkan sintasan dan meningkatkan resistensi ikan uji terhadap infeksi V. parahaemolyticus. Pemberian protein hidrolisis dengan konsentrasi 3% merupakan dosis terbaik dengan sintasan 78,33±2,89%, diikuti oleh aplikasi 2% dengan 73,33±5,77% dan kontrol dengan 31,67±7,64% setelah lima hari masa uji tantang (P<0,05). Kata kunci: ikan kakap putih, protein hidrolisis, pertumbuhan, sistem kekebalan tubuh

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Effects of Dietary Mannan Oligosaccharide on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, Body Composition and Haematological Parameters in Asian Catfish (Clarias batrachus) Juveniles

Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.4194/1303-2712-v21_11_04 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (11) ◽

pp. 559-567

Author(s):

Mst. Nahid Akter ◽

Khurshid Zahan ◽

Md. Abu Zafar ◽

Najida Khatun ◽

Md. Sohel Rana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Feed Utilization ◽

Clarias Batrachus ◽

Haematological Parameters ◽

Control Group ◽

Hepatosomatic Index ◽

Mannan Oligosaccharide ◽

Asian Catfish ◽

Specific Growth Rates

The influence of dietary supplementation of mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) on growth performance, feed utilization, body composition and haematological parameters were evaluated in Asian catfish (Clarias batrachus) juveniles. Triplicate groups of juveniles Asian catfish (21.23 ± 1.01 g) were fed twice per day at 3 % of body weight for 12 weeks, with 0 (control), 0.2, 0.4 or 0.6% MOS diets. Compared to control, those fed with MOS supplemented diets had significantly improved (P<0.05) specific growth rates, protein efficiency ratio and survival rate. Significantly lower hepatosomatic index was noted in 0.2% and 0.4% MOS diets compared to those fish fed control. Similarly, intraperitoneal fat was significantly lowest in those fish fed with 0.4% diet over the control group. The highest protein content was (81.86±0.36) in fish fed with 0.4% MOS diet, whereas ash content was highest (7.33±1.23) in fish group fed with 0.6% MOS. Significantly decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and increased packed cell volume were observed when the fish fed with 0.4% and 0.6% MOS diets compared to the remaining treatments. MOS supplemented diets showed significant influence on the white blood cell count compared to the control. Thus, 0.4% MOS is sufficient to improve growth and haematological parameters in Asian catfish.

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Effects of Bacillus megaterium on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, antioxidant capacity, and immune function in suckling calves

Open Life Sciences ◽

10.1515/biol-2020-0106 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 1033-1041 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jun Yao ◽

Lili Wang ◽

Wenju Zhang ◽

Mengjian Liu ◽

Junli Niu

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Immune Function ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Bacillus Megaterium ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Daily Weight Gain ◽

Control Group ◽

Serum Biochemical Parameters ◽

Serum Biochemical

AbstractBackgroundThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of Bacillus megaterium on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, antioxidant capacity, and immune function in suckling calves.MethodsIn total, 20 1-day-old Holstein calves with similar body weight (BW) and good health condition were randomly assigned into two groups with ten replicates per group and one calf per replicate. The control group (CON group) was fed a basal diet, whereas the B. megaterium group (BM group) was fed the basal diet supplemented with 500 mg/day/head of B. megaterium (1010 CFU/g) for 28 days.ResultsThe results revealed that the BM group showed an increase in final BW, daily weight gain, and feed-to-gain ratio (p < 0.05) and a decrease in diarrhea rate. Moreover, the concentrations of serum cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein decreased (p < 0.05) in the BM group compared with the CON group at 28 days. The level of serum glutathione was higher (p < 0.05) in the BM group than that of the CON group at 14 days, whereas the level of serum malondialdehyde decreased (p < 0.01) in the BM group compared with the CON group at 28 days. In addition, compared with the CON group (p < 0.05), the concentrations of serum IgA, IgM, IgG, and IL-4 were higher, whereas the concentration of serum TNF-α decreased in the BM group at 28 days.ConclusionB. megaterium had beneficial effects on the improvement of growth performance, immune function, and intestinal oxidative status of suckling calves.

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Effects of Dietary Inclusion of Dry Hydrastis canadensis on Laying Performance, Egg Quality, Serum Biochemical Parameters and Cecal Microbiota in Laying Hens

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11051381 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1381

Author(s):

Tzuen-Rong J Tzeng ◽

Tzu-Yu Liu ◽

Chiao-Wei Lin ◽

Pei-En Chang ◽

Pei-Xin Liao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Egg Production ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

Hydrastis Canadensis ◽

Laying Performance ◽

Cecal Microbiota ◽

Dietary Treatments

Alternative growth promoters are able to not only effectively replace the traditional use of antibiotics but also provide additional health benefits for livestock and reduce food safety concerns. This study investigated the effects of dry Hydrastis canadensis on the laying performance and fecal microbial community of laying hens. Twenty-four Lohmann (LSL, white layer strain) hens were reared from 40 to 48 weeks of age and randomly allotted to four dietary treatments (six birds/treatment). The dietary treatments comprised a basal diet with no treatment as control, a basal diet plus 0.6% powder of dry Hydrastis canadensis roots (R) or leaves (L), and a basal diet plus 0.6% powder of a mixture of dry Hydrastis canadensis roots and leaves (1:1, LR). No mortality was observed in the whole experimental period. The results indicated that albumen height in the LR group was significantly greater than that in the control group. The diet supplemented with Hydrastis canadensis had no significant effects on egg production rate, egg weight, eggshell strength, eggshell thickness, Haugh unit, or yolk height during the whole experimental phase. However, principal coordinate analysis, comparative heat map analysis, and cluster dendrogram analysis of cecal microbiota showed distinct clusters among the groups treated with Hydrastis canadensis and the control group. Regarding blood biochemical parameters, serum cholesterol levels were significantly lower in all Hydrastis canadensis-treated groups compared with those in the control group. Moreover, serum low-density lipoprotein levels were lower in hens supplemented with the leaf of Hydrastis canadensis. The abundances of the phyla Fusobacteria and Kiritimatiellaeota were increased (p < 0.05) in laying hens fed with 0.6% Hydrastis canadensis leaves, whereas the abundance of the phylum Firmicutes in cecum digesta decreased in response to treatment with Hydrastis canadensis roots and leaves. The relative abundance of the Fusobacterium genus was higher in the LR group compared with that in the control. On the contrary, we found a different trend in the Synergistes genus. The potential influences of these microbiota on the performance of laying hens were discussed. The results demonstrate that Hydrastis canadensis can improve the egg albumen height and modulate the cecum digesta microbiota composition of laying hens.

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Effects of Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, serum parameters, digestive enzyme, intestinal morphology, and colonic microbiota in piglets

AMB Express ◽

10.1186/s13568-020-01150-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bo Deng ◽

Jie Wu ◽

Xiaohui Li ◽

Cheng Zhang ◽

Xiaoming Men ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Digestive Enzyme ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Intestinal Morphology ◽

Control Group ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Serum Parameters ◽

Colonic Microbiota ◽

Diet Supplementation

AbstractThe present study was conducted to investigate effects of Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, serum parameters, digestive enzymes, intestinal morphology, and colonic microbiota in piglets. A total of 72 piglets were weighed and randomly allotted into three treatments (four replication pens per treatment with six piglets/pen) for a 28-day experiment. The dietary treatments were as follows: basal diet (control group, CTR), basal diet supplementation with antibiotic (antibiotic group, ABT), and basal diet supplementation with 0.1% Bacillus subtilis (probiotic group, PBT). The average daily gain of body weight increased in both the ABT and PBT groups, and dietary antibiotics decreased the feed:gain ratio (F:G), as compared to the CTR group (P < 0.05). Both ABT and PBT piglets had increased serum triglycerides and lipase, amylase, maltase activities and villus height:crypt depth ratio (V/C) in ileum (P < 0.05). The PBT group also showed an increase in serum glucose and villus height in the ileum (P < 0.05). Dietary antibiotics increased Lactobacillus johnsonii, as compared to the CTR group, but decreased bacterial diversity and increased Escherichia coli, as compared to the PBT group (P < 0.05). Piglets dietary with B. subtilis modulated the microbiota by increasing the abundance of Firmicutes (L. johnsonii, L. reuteri) and decreasing the abundance of E. coli, as compared to the control group (P < 0.05). These results indicate that dietary of B. subtilis improves growth performance and intestinal health and can be a promising alternative to antibiotics in piglets diet.

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Effects of Dietary Bovine Lactoferrin on Growth Performance and Immuno-physiological Responses of Asian Sea Bass (Lates calcarifer) Fingerlings

Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins ◽

10.1007/s12602-021-09805-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vahid Morshedi ◽

Bartosz Bojarski ◽

Shirin Hamedi ◽

Hasan Torahi ◽

Ghasem Hashemi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Sea Bass ◽

Bovine Lactoferrin ◽

Lates Calcarifer ◽

Asian Sea Bass

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Effects of Rocket Seed Oil, Wheat Germ Oil, and Their Mixture on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, Digestibility, Redox Status, and Meat Fatty Acid Profile of Growing Rabbits

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11070662 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 662

Author(s):

Sabrin Abdelrahman Morshedy ◽

Ahmed M. Abdelmodather ◽

Mohamed M. Basyony ◽

Soliman A. Zahran ◽

Mohamed A. Hassan

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Wheat Germ ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Feed Utilization ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Control Group ◽

Wheat Germ Oil

Vegetable oils are a source of natural antioxidants, including tocopherols, sterols, phenolic compounds, coenzymes, and polyunsaturated fatty acids that provide nutritional value, organoleptic properties, and significantly delay or prevent lipid oxidation. Eighty-four V-line rabbits at 5 weeks of age with an initial body weight (BW) of 535.60 ± 13.48 g were assigned randomly to four experimental groups (seven replicates in each group with three rabbits each). The first group served as a control and received 0.3 mL/kg BW of distilled water (CON), while the second and third groups received 0.3 mL/kg BW of rocket seed oil (RSO) and wheat germ oil (WGO), respectively. The fourth group received a mixture of oils consisting of 0.15 mL of RSO and 0.15 mL of WGO/kg BW (MOs). The experiment lasted 7 weeks. The study investigated the effects of RSO, WGO, and their mixture on growth performance, feed utilization, antioxidant status, and immune response of growing rabbits. The results indicated that the rabbits that were administered orally with RSO and WGO or their mixture had higher (p ≤ 0.05) final BW, weight gain, and average daily gain when compared to the control group. In addition, the feed conversion ratio improved significantly with RSO, WGO, and MOs treatments. Different oil treatments improved nutrient digestibility, nutritive value, and nitrogen balance. Moreover, the rabbits that received RSO, WGO, and their mixture had an improvement the meat fatty acid composition compared to the control rabbits. Oral administration of RSO, WGO, and their mixture significantly improved serum protein fractions, decreased blood urea nitrogen, and had a positive effect on serum total lipids, HDL-c, and LDL-c. Furthermore, the treatments of RSO, WGO, and MOs had a significant improvement in the antioxidative status and immune response.

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Effects of Dietary Supplementation of gEGF on the Growth Performance and Immunity of Broilers

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11051394 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1394

Author(s):

Jianyong Zhou ◽

Jingyi Yao ◽

Luhong Bai ◽

Chuansong Sun ◽

Jianjun Lu

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Control Group ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Chicken Embryos ◽

Growth Of Animals

EGF has been shown to stimulate the growth of animals. In this study, the content of EGF in chicken embryos (gallus EGF, gEGF) aged from 1 to 20 days of incubation were determined by ELISA kit, and the 5-day-old chicken embryos with the highest content of 5593 pg/g were selected to make gEGF crude extracts. A total of 1500 1-day-old Xianju chickens were randomly divided into five groups with six replicates of 50 chickens each. The control group was fed a basal diet, and other treatment diets were supplemented with 4, 8, 16 and 32 ng/kg gEGF crude extract, respectively. The experiment lasted for 30 days. Chicks were harvested at the end of the experiment, and liver, spleen, thymus, bursa and serum samples were collected. Results showed that average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of 16 ng/kg group were higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). The serum uric acid (UA) of the 16 ng/kg group was reduced (p < 0.01), and the serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP) of the 16 ng/kg group increased (p < 0.01). The gEGF extract also increased chick’s antioxidant capacity, decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased catalase (CAT) in the liver and serum of 16 ng/kg groups in compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Furthermore, immunity was improved by the addition of gEGF to broiler diets. The serum immunoglobin A (IgA) content of 8 and 16 ng/kg groups and the serum immunoglobin M (IgM) content of 4 and 8 ng/kg groups were increased (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. The bursa index of each experimental group was higher than the control group (p < 0.01). These findings demonstrate that the crude extract of gEGF prepared in this experiment could improve the growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immunity of broilers.

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Novel multi-strain probiotics reduces Pasteurella multocida induced fowl cholera mortality in broilers

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-88299-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rine Christopher Reuben ◽

Shovon Lal Sarkar ◽

Habiba Ibnat ◽

Md. Ali Ahasan Setu ◽

Pravas Chandra Roy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Feed Efficiency ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Pasteurella Multocida ◽

White Blood Cells ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Prostaglandin E ◽

Fowl Cholera ◽

Anti Inflammatory

AbstractPasteurella multocida causes fowl cholera, a highly contagious poultry disease of global concern, causing significant ecological and economic challenges to the poultry industry each year. This study evaluated the effects of novel multi-strain probiotics consisting of Lactobacillus plantarum, L. fermentum, Pediococcus acidilactici, Enterococcus faecium and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, haemato-biochemical parameters and anti-inflammatory properties on broilers experimentally challenged with P. multocida. A total of 120 birds were fed with a basal diet supplemented with probiotics (108 CFU/kg) and then orally challenged with 108 CFU/mL of P. multocida. Probiotics supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) improved growth performance and feed efficiency as well as reducing (P < 0.05) the population of intestinal P. multocida, enterobacteria, and mortality. Haemato-biochemical parameters including total cholesterol, white blood cells (WBC), proteins, glucose, packed cell volume (PCV) and lymphocytes improved (P < 0.05) among probiotic fed birds when compared with the controls. Transcriptional profiles of anti-inflammatory genes including hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1A), tumor necrosis factor- (TNF) stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6) and prostaglandin E receptor 2 (PTGER2) in the intestinal mucosa were upregulated (P < 0.05) in probiotics fed birds. The dietary inclusion of the novel multi-strain probiotics improves growth performance, feed efficiency and intestinal health while attenuating inflammatory reaction, clinical signs and mortality associated with P. multocida infection in broilers.

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