scholarly journals Comparison of the Therapeutic Effect of Treatment with Antibiotics or Nutraceuticals on Clinical Activity and the Fecal Microbiome of Dogs with Acute Diarrhea

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1484
Author(s):  
Giulia Pignataro ◽  
Roberta Di Prinzio ◽  
Paolo Emidio Crisi ◽  
Benedetta Belà ◽  
Isa Fusaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Fecal Microbiome ◽  
Group A ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Group B ◽  
Limiting Condition

Dogs with acute diarrhea are often presented to clinical practice and, although this generally represents a self-limiting condition, antibiotics are still frequently used as treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects in dogs with acute non-hemorrhagic diarrhea of the administration of an antibiotic combination in comparison to a nutraceutical product. Thirty dogs were enrolled and randomly assigned to two groups: 15 dogs (group A) received a nutraceutical commercial product while 15 dogs (group B) received an antimicrobial combination of metronidazole and spiramycin. For each dog, the Canine Acute Diarrhea Severity Index, the fecal microbiota and the Dysbiosis Index were assessed. Both stool consistency and frequency decreased on day 2 in the dogs of group A compared to baseline, while in group B, these parameters significantly decreased at days 3 and 4. The global concern for rising antibiotic resistance associated with indiscriminate use of antimicrobials, in both humans and animals, suggests the necessity of avoiding empirical and injudicious use of these molecules in diarrheic dogs. These results suggest that the nutraceutical treatment had a similar clinical effect compared to the antibiotic formulation, representing a valid antibiotic-sparing therapeutic approach in canine acute diarrhea.

scholarly journals Oral Tranexamic Acid for the Treatment of Melasma

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Karn ◽  
S KC ◽  
A Amatya ◽  
EA Razouria ◽  
M Timalsina
Keyword(s):  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Sustained Improvement ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
High Treatment

Background Melasma poses a great challenge as its treatment is unsatisfactory and recurrence is high. Treatment of melasma using tranexamic acid (oral, topical or intralesional) is a novel concept. Objective To compare the efficacy of oral tranexamic acid with routine topical therapies for the treatment of melasma. Methods It is a prospective, interventional, randomized controlled trial conducted among 260 melasma patients. Patients were divided into two groups consisting of 130 patients each. First group (Group A) was given routine treatment measures and oral Tranexamic Acid while second group (Group B) was treated only with routine topical measures. Capsule Tranexamic Acid was prescribed at a dose of 250 mg twice a day for three months and cases were followed for three months. Response was evaluated on the basis of Melasma Assessment Severity Index (MASI). Mean scores between the two groups were then compared. Results Statistically significant decrease in the mean Melasma Assessment Severity Index from baseline to 8 and 12 weeks was observed among group A patients (11.08±2.91 vs 8.95±2.08 at week 8 and vs. 7.84±2.44 at week 12; p<0.05 for both). While among group B patients the decrease in mean score was significant at 8 weeks and insignificant at 12 weeks follow up (11.60±3.40 vs 9.9±2.61 at 8 weeks and vs. 9.26±3 at 12 weeks; p<0.05 for former but p>0.05 for later). Conclusion Addition of oral tranexamic acid provides rapid and sustained improvement in the treatment of melasma. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v10i4.10993 Kathmandu Univ Med J 2012;10(4):40-43

Comparing the Effectiveness of Oral Formulation of Tranexamic Acid in Treating Melasma versus Topical Treatmentlike Kojic Acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1372-1375
Author(s):  
M. Sheikh ◽  
R. Majeed ◽  
W. Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Topical Treatment ◽  
Kojic Acid ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Oral Formulation ◽  
Effective Treatment Modality ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Index Comparison

Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of oral tranexamic acid with topical kojic acid in treatment of melasma. Method: This study was an interventional, randomized control trial done in Department of Dermatology Akhtar Saeed Trust Hospital Lahore from January 2020 till June 2020. 40 patients with moderate to severe melasma were enrolled for this study. These were divided into two groups A and B. In group A 20 patients were given oral tranexamic acid along with topical treatment and in group B, 20 patients were treated only with topical treatment. Oral tranexamic acid was given in dosage of 250 mg twice a day for 3 months and then follow-up was done at 8th and 12th wks. The evaluation of effectiveness of treatment was done with MASI(Melasma Area Severity Index). Comparison was done in the mean of the MASI scores obtained in both groups. Result: In both groups female patients were more in number. The mean age of patients in group A was 29.75 years & in group B it was 32.55 years. MASI scoring was done in both groups at baseline and at 8th& 12th wks. There was a significant decrease in this score in group A patients with oral tranexamic acid (12.08±2.8 vs 9.1±2.2 at 8th wk. andvs 8.2±2.0 at 12thwk.; P <0.05for both). Whereas in group B patients the decrease in mean MASI score was significant at 8thwk.& insignificant at 12th wk. (12.6±2.9 vs 10.9±2.4at 8th wk. and vs 10.3±2.4at 12th wk.; p<0.05 for former but p>0.05 for later). Conclusion: Oral tranexamic acid is a safe and effective treatment modality for treating moderate to severe melasma. Keywords: Melasma, oral tranexamic acid

Phase I/II Study of Ipilimumab for Patients With Metastatic Melanoma

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (36) ◽  
pp. 5950-5956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Weber ◽  
Steven O’Day ◽  
Walter Urba ◽  
John Powderly ◽  
Geoff Nichol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Metastatic Melanoma ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Maximum Tolerated Dose ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Multiple Doses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

PurposeThe primary objective of this phase I/II study was to determine the safety and pharmacokinetic profile of either transfectoma- or a hybridoma-derived ipilimumab. Secondary objectives included determination of a maximum-tolerated dose and assessment of clinical activity.Patients and MethodsEighty-eight patients with unresectable stage III or IV melanoma with at least one measurable lesion were treated. Mean age was 59 years, with 65% male and 35% female patients, and 79% of patients had received prior systemic therapy. Single doses of ipilimumab up to 20 mg/kg (group A, single dose), multiple doses up to 5 mg/kg (group A, multiple dose), and multiple doses up to 10 mg/kg (group B) were administered.ResultsSingle dosing up to 20 mg/kg of transfectoma antibody was well tolerated, as were multiple doses up to 10 mg/kg without a maximum-tolerated dose. In group B, dose-limiting toxicity was seen in six of 23 melanoma patients. Grade 3 or 4 immune-related adverse events (irAEs) were observed in 14% of patients (12 of 88 patients), and grade 1 or 2 irAEs were seen in an additional 58%. The half-life of ipilimumab was 359 hours. In group B, there was one partial response (23+ months), one complete response (21+ months), and seven patients with stable disease (SD), for a disease control rate of 39%. Two patients in group B with SD had slow, steady decline in tumor burden that was ongoing at 1 year of observation.ConclusionIpilimumab has activity in patients with metastatic melanoma. Late responses were observed in patients with prolonged SD.

scholarly journals A comparative study of the efficacy and safety of oral apremilast versus oral methotrexate in patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Vinma H. Shetty ◽  
Saumya Goel ◽  
Amita Murali Babu ◽  
Hafsa Eram
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Plaque Psoriasis ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Pde4 Inhibitor ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Chronic Plaque Psoriasis ◽  
Oral Methotrexate ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory systemic disease. Methotrexate acts by inhibiting dihydrofolic reductase enzyme. Apremilast is an oral PDE4 inhibitor approved by US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of psoriasis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is hospital based comparative study conducted from February 2018 to August 2018. Seventy patients above 18 years of age with chronic plaque psoriasis were divided into 35 patients in each group and were treated with oral Apremilast (30 mg twice daily) and oral methotrexate (15 mg per week in three divided doses with a 12-hour interval between doses and tab folic acid on methotrexate free days) and were evaluated every 4 weeks for a period of 16 weeks and followed-up at 24th week. Outcome was assessed on basis of psoriasis area-and-severity index score (PASI), psoriasis disability index (PDI) and clinical photographs.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> % of improvement in Group-A patients (76.8%) after 16 weeks of treatment was relatively more (p&lt;0.05) as compared to group B (71.5%). At the end of 16 weeks PASI score in methotrexate group was statistically significant (p&lt;0.05) as compared to group B, PDI became 17.90±3.87 in group A and was statistically significant (p&lt;0.05) as compared to group B which was 20.34±2.98. Side effects observed were comparatively less in group A patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> On comparing the two drugs, methotrexate was comparatively better tolerated and had better efficacy and safety. More studies are required to further prove the efficacy of Apremilast in treatment of psoriasis.</p>

scholarly journals Short Practical Regimen of Acupuncture for Melasma: A Prospective Cohort Study in a Tertiary Hospital in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanan Supasiri ◽  
Nuntida Salakshna ◽  
Krit Pongpirul
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: Acupuncture shows benefits for patients with melasma, although no optimal number of sessions have been determined.Methods: The prospective observational study was conducted in melasma patients who were treated with acupuncture procedures two times a week and were evaluated after the 5th and the 10th sessions of acupuncture, with a 1-week follow-up after the last session. Participants Groups A and B received five and 10 acupuncture sessions, respectively. Melasma was assessed by using the melanin index (MI), melasma area and severity index (MASI), patient-reported improvement scores, and acupuncture-related adverse events.Results: Out of 113 participants, 67 received five sessions of acupuncture treatment while 39 received 10 sessions. At 1 week after five sessions of acupuncture in Group A, the mean MI decreased by 28.7 (95% CI −38.5 to −18.8, p &lt; 0.001), whereas the median MASI decreased by 3.4 (95% CI −6.9 to −1.2, p &lt; 0.001) points. At 1 week after ten sessions of acupuncture in Group B, the mean MI decreased by 31.3 (95% CI −45 to −17.6, p &lt; 0.001), whereas the median MASI decreased by 5.4 (95%CI −9.9 to −3, p &lt; 0.001) points. The first five sessions of acupuncture had a higher incremental effect than the last five sessions, although there was no statistically significant difference. Twenty-nine participants reported minor side effects. Group B had a risk ratio (RR) of having adverse events 1.8 times (95% CI 1.0–3.4, p = 0.05) compared with Group A.Conclusion: Short acupuncture regimens of 5–10 sessions in melasma seem to be effective and practical with minor side effects.

scholarly journals A Comparative Clinical Study of Jaladhara and Taildhara in the Management of Stress

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha G Tank
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Comparative Effect ◽  
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Comparative Clinical Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Group B

In the present Era, stress is said to be one of the largest killers of man today. Stress is  related to our total health - physical, mental and emotional. In Ayurveda stress is a resultant condition due to pragyaparadha. In the present study total 137 patients were registered and randomly divided into 3 groups viz: Group A were subjected to Jaladhara 7days along with Mansyadi Kwatha for 30days; Group B were subjected to Tailadhara for 7 days along with Mansyadi Kwatha for 30days; Group C  received only Mansyadi Kwatha for 30days. The main aims & object of the study are: 1) To study the comparative effect of Jaladhara and Tailadhara in the management of stress. 2) To study the clinical efficacy of Shirodhara. Assessment of the effect of treatment was done on the basis of relief in the subjective & objective signs & symptoms of stress and on Brief psychiatric rating scale. The data were analysed statistically. It was observed that symptoms like insomnia, anxiety etc were almost completely relieved in Shirodhara group. In Breif Psychiatric rating scale statistically results of both the dhara group are highly significant. Taildhara provided better relief in all most all the symptoms of Stress and in Brief psychiatric rating scale compared to Jaladhara

scholarly journals The Medical Management of Arsha with Chirabilwadi Quatha and Kaseesadi Thaila Sthanika Abhyanga

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagesh Gandagi ◽  
Shubhangi Patil
Keyword(s):  
Medical Management ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Subjective Symptoms ◽  
Group A ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
The One ◽  
Group B ◽  
Total Study Period ◽  
Randomized Method

Arsha (Piles) is the one of the most common disease encountered in clinical and surgical practice. Arsha incidence increases with advancing age, at least 50% of people over the age of 50 years have some degree of haemorrhoidal symptoms. In this study an attempt has been made to treat the “disease” with Chirabilwadi quatha (Panartha) and Kaseesadi thaila (Sthanika abhyanga). Total thirty patients were selected by simple randomized method and allocated into three groups called Group A, B, C. Each group had ten patients. Group A. treated with Chirabilwadi quatha(Panartha), Group B. treated with Kaseesadi thaila and Group C. treated with combination of Chirabilwadi quatha and Kaseesadi thaila. Total study period was nighty days in that thirty days was treatment and sixty days was fallow-up. The effect of treatment was observed both in subjective symptoms and objective parameters. Non significant, Significant and highly significant results were observed in subjective parameters, objective parameters and overall in all three groups.

Role of Soy-Based, Lactose-free Formula During Treatment of Acute Diarrhea

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-298
Author(s):  
Mathuram Santosham ◽  
Stephan Foster ◽  
Raymond Reid ◽  
Robert Bertrando ◽  
Robert Yolken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Standard Therapy ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Early Feeding ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Indian Tribe ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

A controlled study was conducted comparing the standard method of treating hospitalized infants with acute diarrhea (limited starvation) with the initiation of "early feeding" using a soy-based, lactose-free formula in infants of an American Indian tribe 12 months of age or younger. Forty-three patients, randomly assigned to group A, were given a soy-based, lactose-free formula four hours after hospitalization, and 44 patients, randomly assigned to group B, received standard therapy (food was withheld for the first 48 hours of hospitalization). After the first 48 hours, the same soy-based, lactose-free formula was given to the group B patients. Fluid intake and output of stool, urine, and vomitus were measured until the diarrhea resolved. Overall, group A patients showed less mean stool output (121 ± 129 (SD) mL/kg) than group B patients (299 ± 319 mL/kg) (P &lt; .001). Furthermore, the duration of illness was significantly shorter in group A patients (54 ± 28 hours v 93 ± 56 hours) (P &lt; .001). It was concluded that soy-based, lactose-free formulas can be safely used during the acute phase of diarrheal illness in infants and that their use shortens the duration of illness and decreases stool output in comparison with standard therapy.

XP-828L in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Psoriasis: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Poulin ◽  
Robert Bissonnette ◽  
Christina Juneau ◽  
Kim Cantin ◽  
Rejean Drouin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severity Index ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Open Label Study ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Sweet Whey ◽  
Severity Index Score ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: XP-828L, a protein extract obtained from sweet whey, has demonstrated potential benefit for the treatment of mild to moderate psoriasis in an open-label study. Objective: To study in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study the safety and efficacy of XP-828L in the treatment of mild to moderate psoriasis. Design: XP-828L 5 g/d (group A, n = 42) or placebo (group B, n = 42) was given orally for 56 days followed by XP-828L 5 g/d in group A and by XP-828L 10 g/d in group B for an additional 56 days. Results: Patients receiving XP-828L 5 g/d for 56 days had an improved Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) score compared with patients under placebo ( p < .05). Considering the data of group A only, the PGA score improved from day 1 to day 56 ( p < .01); the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score improved as well, but to a lesser extent ( p < .05). Conclusion: Oral administration of 5 g/d XP-828L compared with a placebo significantly improved the PGA score of patients with mild to moderate psoriasis.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of chronic hand eczema

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Tasnuva Ashraf ◽  
Harashit Kumar Paul ◽  
Md. Shahidullah Sikder ◽  
A. S. M. Zakaria ◽  
Saiful Islam Bhuiyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triamcinolone Acetonide ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Hand Eczema ◽  
Clobetasol Propionate ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Chronic Hand Eczema ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

<p class="Abstract">This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of chronic hand eczema comparing with topical clobetasol propionate. A total 60 patients of chronic hand eczema were recruited in the study. Thirty patients (Group A) were treated with intralesional triamcinolone acetonide and the rest 30 (Group B) with topical clobetasol propionate. Severity and improvement were assessed using Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI) score. The patients of both groups were followed up at 4<sup>th</sup> week and 12<sup>th</sup> week. In Group A, median HECSI score at baseline, 4<sup>th</sup> week and 12<sup>th</sup> week were 3, 20 and 20 respectively; whereas these scores were 54, 10 and 8 in Group B. In both groups, HECSI score was decreased gradually but the rate was higher in Group B than Group A (p&lt;0.05). Thinning of skin, an adverse effect, was seen in patients of both the intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (10%) and topical clobetasol propionate (16.7%) groups (p&gt;0.05). The result of this study demonstrates that intralesional triamcinolone acetonide is effective and safe in treating chronic hand eczema but less effective than the topical clobetasol.</p>

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