scholarly journals Association of Urinary and Dietary Selenium and of Serum Selenium Species with Serum Alanine Aminotransferase in a Healthy Italian Population

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1516
Author(s):  
Teresa Urbano ◽  
Tommaso Filippini ◽  
Daniela Lasagni ◽  
Tiziana De Luca ◽  
Peter Grill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Serum Selenium ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Dietary Selenium ◽  
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Selenium Species ◽  
Selenium Intake

The trace element selenium is of considerable interest due to its toxic and nutritional properties, which markedly differ according to the dose and the chemical form. It has been shown that excess selenium intake increases the risk of type 2 diabetes and, possibly, other metabolic diseases like hyperlipidemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). For the latter, however, epidemiologic evidence is still limited. We carried out a cross-sectional study recruiting 137 healthy blood donors living in Northern Italy and assessed their exposure to selenium through different methods and measuring serum selenium species. We performed linear and spline regression analyses to assess the relation of selenium and its forms with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, a marker of NAFLD. Urinary selenium levels were positively and somewhat linearly correlated with ALT (beta regression coefficient (β) 0.11). Conversely, the association of dietary selenium intake with ALT was positive up to 100 µg/day and null above that amount (β 0.03). Total serum selenium was inversely associated with ALT up to 120 µg/L, and slightly positive above that amount. Concerning the different serum selenium species, ALT positively correlated with two organic forms, selenocysteine (β 0.27) and glutathione peroxidase-bound selenium (β 0.09), showed a U-shaped relation with the inorganic tetravalent form, selenite, and an inverse association with human serum albumin-bound selenium (β −0.56). Our results suggest that overall exposure to selenium, and more specifically to some of its chemical forms, is positively associated with ALT, even at levels so far generally considered to be safe. Our findings add to the evidence suggesting that low-dose selenium overexposure is associated with NAFLD.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP OF DIABETIC CONTROL WITH SERUM ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD) AND TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
Saleem Iqbal ◽  
Hamza Ali Khan ◽  
Muhammad Yousaf Khan ◽  
Muhammad Darwesh Iqbal ◽  
Badar Mahmud Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase

ABSTRACT Objectives This study is aimed to find out the relation of Diabetic control with serum Alanine aminotransferase in patients with Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Material and methods This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted from August to October 2019 in general medical outpatient department of Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar, a tertiary care hospital in Khyberpakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Patients with non Alcohohol Fatty Liver Disease and T2DM were categorized into two groups. Group A with HbA1c from 6.5-8% and group B with HbA1c of more than 8%. Serum Alanine aminotransferase levels were correlated in these groups with the level of HbA1c. Data was collected through a specially designed proforma and was analyzed through statistical package for social sciences, SPSS version 23. Results Amongst 452 patients with T2DM, 289 were females and the rest of 163 were males, NAFLD was present in 197 patients. Amongst these 197 patients Serum Alanine aminotransferase was raised in 17 (27.86%) patients in Group A but was raised in 64 (47.05%) patients in Group 2. Conclusions Diabetic control was positively correlated with serum Alanine aminotransferase level in our patients with Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Keywords Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Serum Alanine Aminotransferase.

scholarly journals Frequency of metabolic syndrome among newly detected type 2 diabetic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and high serum alanine aminotransferase levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Md Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
Md Nayeemul Hasan ◽  
Muhammad Abdur Rahim ◽  
Tufayel Ahmed Chowdhury ◽  
Indrajit Kumar Datta
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is emerging as one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease world-wide. It has strong association with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in newly detected T2DM patients having NAFLD with high serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 110 newly detected T2DM patients with high serum ALT level were evaluated. To find out the etiology of high serum ALT level, abdominal ultrasonography was done to detect NAFLD cases along with other relevant investigations. All NAFLD cases then underwent further evaluation for the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Results: Out of 110 study subjects, NAFLD was detected in 80 (72.7%) individuals. According to International Diabetic Federation (IDF) criteria, metabolic syndrome was detected in 56 (56/80, 70%) of NAFLD cases. Among the 56 patients with NAFLD, male were 24 (42.9%) and female were 32 (57.1%) and 14 (14/56, 25%) cases had all five components of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome was found in all female NAFLD subjects (32, 100%). Mean age of patients with metabolic syndrome was 43.11±10.77 years and mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.87±3.72 kg/m2. Hypertension was found in 37.5% cases. High BMI (e”25 kg/m2) was found in 87.5% cases. Mild, moderate and severe fatty liver were found in 28.6%, 46.4% and 25% cases respectively. Dyslipidemia was found in all (56, 100%) NAFLD subjects with metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome had significant correlation with BMI (p 0.00), abdominal obesity (p 0.00) and serum triglyceride level (p 0.04). Conclusion: Over two-thirds of T2DM patients having NAFLD had metabolic syndrome in this study. Birdem Med J 2020; 10(1): 21-25

scholarly journals Upper Normal Limit of Serum Alanine Aminotransferase and Its Association with Metabolic Risk Factors in Pars Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faeze Sehatpour ◽  
Alireza Salehi ◽  
Hossein Molavi Vardanjani ◽  
Hossein Poustchi ◽  
Abdullah Gandomkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Normal Limit ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Southern Iran ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Recommended Level

BACKGROUND The range of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) varies in different sub-populations or countries. Its population-specific cut-off points may provide a more effective screening tool for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Objectives To investigate the upper normal level (UNL) of ALT and its association with metabolic syndrome (MS) in a semi-urban population in southern Iran. METHODS The baseline data of Pars Cohort Study was used. A total of 9264 subjects aged 40-75 years were enrolled. UNL of ALT was estimated based on 95 percentile of ALT in participants who had body mass index (BMI) < 25. Multivariable logistic regression was applied and adjusted odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated. RESULTS 95 percentile of ALT was 41.71 U/L and 32.9 U/L in men and women, respectively. Abnormal waist circumference (OR: 1.72, 95%CI: 1.34, 2.21), triglyceride (OR: 1.63, 95%CI: 1.25, 2.13), fasting blood sugar (OR: 1.69, 95%CI: 1.32, 2.16), cholesterol level (OR: 1.06, 95%CI: 1.03, 1.09) and systolic blood pressure (OR: 1.08, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.16) were independently associated with ALT. CONCLUSION UNL of ALT in southern Iranian women is lower than the current recommended level, while these are almost the same for men. MS components are highly common in southern Iran and are associated with elevated serum ALT. Further studies are recommended to estimate the UNL of serum ALT among the Iranian population with NAFLD.

scholarly journals Aetiology of Asymptomatic Raised Serum Alanine Aminotransferase in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Hasna Fahmima Haque ◽  
Farhana Afroz ◽  
Samira Rahat Afroze ◽  
Jamal Uddin Ahmed ◽  
AKM Shaheen Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background: Elevated level of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is not uncommon in routine laboratory test. This study was aimed to find out the aetiology of asymptomatic raised ALT in hospitalized type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in BIRDEM over a period of six month. T2DM patients having asymptomatic raised serum ALT were evaluated clinically and by laboratory tests.Results: Total number of patients was 53. Among them male were 39 and female were 14. Male and female ratio was 2.8:1. Mean age was 49.2±7.9 years. Mean body mass index (BMI) was 25.5±5 kg/m2. Among the study subjects, 25 (47.2%) were overweight and 16 (30.2%) were obese. Hypertension, hepatomegaly and dyslipidaemia were present in 29 (54.7%), 11 (20.8%) and 36 (67.96%) cases respectively. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NFALD) was the commonest (37, 69.8%) aetiology for raised ALT in this study. Seropositivity for hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody against hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) were present in 7 and 5 cases respectively. In 4 cases cause could not be identified. Most of the cases with >5 times raised ALT had hepatitis B or C infection.Conclusion: Elevation of serum ALT is common in T2DM patients. NAFLD is the commonest cause followed by hepatitis B and C virus infection.Birdem Med J 2016; 6(1): 32-35

scholarly journals Elevated alanine aminotransferase and low aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio are associated with chronic kidney disease among middle-aged women: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotaka Ochiai ◽  
Takako Shirasawa ◽  
Takahiko Yoshimoto ◽  
Satsue Nagahama ◽  
Akihiro Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Background Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to ALT ratio (AST/ALT ratio) have been shown to be related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or insulin resistance, which was associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it is unclear whether ALT and AST/ALT ratio are associated with CKD. In this study, we examined the relationship of ALT and AST/ALT ratio to CKD among middle-aged females in Japan. Methods The present study included 29,133 women aged 40 to 64 years who had an annual health checkup in Japan during April 2013 to March 2014. Venous blood samples were collected to measure ALT, AST, gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and creatinine levels. In accordance with previous studies, ALT > 40 U/L and GGT > 50 U/L were determined as elevated, AST/ALT ratio < 1 was regarded as low, and CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or proteinuria. Logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for CKD. Results “Elevated ALT and elevated GGT” and “elevated ALT and non-elevated GGT” significantly increased the OR for CKD when compared with “non-elevated ALT and non-elevated GGT” (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 2.10–3.12 and OR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.81–2.77). Compared with “AST/ALT ratio ≥ 1 and non-elevated GGT”, “AST/ALT ratio < 1 and elevated GGT” and “AST/ALT ratio < 1 and non-elevated GGT” significantly increased the OR for CKD (OR: 2.73, 95% CI: 2.36–3.15 and OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.52–1.87). These findings still remained after adjustment for confounders. Conclusions Elevated ALT was associated with CKD regardless of GGT elevation. Moreover, low AST/ALT ratio was also associated with CKD independent of GGT elevation.

scholarly journals Prospective association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and hepatic steatosis: the Swiss CoLaus cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e040959
Author(s):  
Saman Khalatbari-Soltani ◽  
Pedro Marques-Vidal ◽  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
Nita G. Forouhi
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Prospective Association

ObjectiveThe Mediterranean diet has been promoted as a healthy dietary pattern, but whether the Mediterranean diet may help to prevent hepatic steatosis is not clear. This study aimed to evaluate the prospective association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and risk of hepatic steatosis.DesignPopulation-based prospective cohort study.SettingThe Swiss CoLaus Study.ParticipantsWe evaluated 2288 adults (65.4% women, aged 55.8±10.0 years) without hepatic steatosis at first follow-up in 2009–2012. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was scaled as the Mediterranean diet score (MDS) based on the Mediterranean diet pyramid ascertained with responses to Food Frequency Questionnaires.Outcome measuresNew onset of hepatic steatosis was ascertained by two indices separately: the Fatty Liver Index (FLI, ≥60 points) and the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) score (≥−0.640 points). Prospective associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and risk of hepatic steatosis were quantified using Poisson regression.ResultsDuring a mean 5.3 years of follow-up, hepatic steatosis was ascertained in 153 (6.7%) participants by FLI criteria and in 208 (9.1%) by NAFLD score. After multivariable adjustment, higher adherence to MDS was associated with lower risk of hepatic steatosis based on FLI: risk ratio 0.84 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.96) per 1 SD of MDS; 0.85 (0.73 to 0.99) adjusted for BMI; and 0.85 (0.71 to 1.02) adjusted for both BMI and waist circumference. When using NAFLD score, no significant association was found between MDS and risk of hepatic steatosis (0.95 (0.83 to 1.09)).ConclusionA potential role of the Mediterranean diet in the prevention of hepatic steatosis is suggested by the inverse association observed between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and incidence of hepatic steatosis based on the FLI. The inconsistency of this association when hepatic steatosis was assessed by NAFLD score points to the need for accurate population-level assessment of fatty liver and its physiological markers.

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