scholarly journals Surface Characteristics and Cell Adhesion Behaviors of the Anodized Biomedical Stainless Steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6275
Author(s):  
Heng-Jui Hsu ◽  
Chia-Yu Wu ◽  
Bai-Hung Huang ◽  
Chi-Hsun Tsai ◽  
Takashi Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Vitro Cell Culture ◽  
Cell Culture Assay

In this study, an electrochemical anodizing method was applied as surface modification of the 316L biomedical stainless steel (BSS). The surface properties, microstructural characteristics, and biocompatibility responses of the anodized 316L BSS specimens were elucidated through scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, and in vitro cell culture assay. Analytical results revealed that the oxide layer of dichromium trioxide (Cr2O3) was formed on the modified 316L BSS specimens after the different anodization modifications. Moreover, a dual porous (micro/nanoporous) topography can also be discovered on the surface of the modified 316L BSS specimens. The microstructure of the anodized oxide layer was composed of amorphous austenite phase and nano-Cr2O3. Furthermore, in vitro cell culture assay also demonstrated that the osteoblast-like cells (MG-63) on the anodized 316L BSS specimens were completely adhered and covered as compared with the unmodified 316L BSS specimen. As a result, the anodized 316L BSS with a dual porous (micro/nanoporous) oxide layer has great potential to induce cell adhesion and promote bone formation.

scholarly journals Anodized Biomedical Stainless-Steel Mini-Implant for Rapid Recovery in a Rabbit Model

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1575
Author(s):  
Yung-Chieh Cho ◽  
Wei-Chiang Hung ◽  
Wen-Chien Lan ◽  
Takashi Saito ◽  
Bai-Hung Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Electrochemical Anodization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Culture Assay

The study aimed to analyze the recovery period of the anodized 316L biomedical stainless steel (BSS) mini-implant through its implantation on femur of rabbit model. The 316L BSS mini-implant was modified by an electrochemical anodization approach with different voltages. The anodized samples were characterized via field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The biocompatibility was assessed by cell culture assay. The anodized mini-implant was implanted on rabbit’s femur then evaluated histologically after 4 and 8 weeks. Analytical results indicated that the topography of the anodized mini-implant at 5 V for 5 min consisted of a dual (micro/nano) porous structure. Oxide film of Cr2O3 was formed on the surface of anodized mini-implant after anodizing with 5 V for 5 min. In vitro cell culture assay revealed that fibroblast cells (NIH-3T3) on the anodized samples were more firmly attached as compared with the control sample. Moreover, histological analysis demonstrated that the anodized mini-implant improved bone recovering at 4 weeks after implantation. Thus, this study suggests that the anodized 316L BSS mini-implant could be a potential choice as anchorage device for effective and efficient orthodontic treatment.

Chitosan Induced Synthesis of EuPO4 Nanoparticles on Fiber Templates for Live Imaging

2013 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Xue ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Yun Fen Shi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Live Imaging ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Vitro Cell Culture ◽  
Transmission Electron

EuPO4 nanoparticle was synthesized using chitosan induced mechanism. The nanoparticles were formed after calcination inside a fiber template. The nanoparticles were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fluorespectrometer. The synthesized EuPO4 nanoparticles with nano-pore structures presented the excitation peaks located at about 375nm and 500nm and the emission peaks located at 590-620nm and 750nm, respectively. Live imaging was performed in in-vitro cell culture. The nanoparticles were biocompatible and could be intake by cells. Cells with nanoparticles showed fluorescent signals for imaging, which indicate the potential application of these particles for live imaging.

CONTROL OF SURFACE MODIFIED LAYER ON METALLIC BIOMATERIALS BY AN ADVANCED ELID GRINDING SYSTEM (EG-X)

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (25n27) ◽  
pp. 3605-3610 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASAYOSHI MIZUTANI ◽  
JUN KOMOTORI ◽  
KAZUTOSHI KATAHIRA ◽  
HITOSHI OHMORI
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Elid Grinding ◽  
Modified Layer ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Grinding System

The biocompatibility of titanium implants with different surface properties is investigated. We prepared three types of specimens, one ground by the newly developed ELID grinding system, another ground by conventional ELID grinding, and the other polished by SiO 2 powder. These surfaces were characterized and, the number of cell and cytotoxicity in in-vitro were measured. Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) revealed that the modified ELID system can create a significantly thick oxide layer and a diffused oxide layer, and also can control the thickness of a modified layer. The results of cell number and cytotoxicity showed that the sample ground by the modified system had the highest biocompatibility. This may have been caused by improvement of chemical properties due to a surface modified layer. The above results suggest that this newly developed ELID grinding system can create the desirable surface properties. Consequently, this system appears to offer significant future promise for use in biomaterials and other engineering components.

scholarly journals Fabrication of a Promising Hierarchical Porous Surface on Titanium for Promoting Biocompatibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Chien Lan ◽  
Chia-Hsien Wang ◽  
Bai-Hung Huang ◽  
Yen-Chun Cho ◽  
Takashi Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Porous Surface ◽  
Potential Approach ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Adhesion Ability ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Hierarchical Porous

The effects of the nano-titanium hydrides (nano-γ-TiH) phase on the formation of nanoporous Ti oxide layer by the potential approach (hydrogen fluoride (HF) pretreatment and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) anodization) were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and transmission electron microscopy. The nano-γ-TiH phase was formed by the HF pretreatment with various current densities. After the NaOH anodization, the nano-γ-TiH phase was dissolved and transformed into nanoporous rutile-Ti dioxide (R-TiO2). As the Ti underwent HF pretreatment and NaOH anodization, the microstructure on the surface layer was transformed from α-Ti → (α-Ti + nano-γ-TiH) → (α-Ti + R-TiO2). In-vitro biocompatibility also indicated that the Ti with a hierarchical porous (micro and nanoporous) TiO2 surface possessed great potential to enhance cell adhesion ability. Thus, the potential approach can be utilized to fabricate a promising hierarchical porous surface on the Ti implant for promoting biocompatibility.

scholarly journals Surface Structure Analysis of Initial High-Temperature Oxidation of SS441 Stainless Steel

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6136
Author(s):  
Tung-Yuan Yung ◽  
Hui-Ping Tseng ◽  
Wen-Feng Lu ◽  
Kun-Chao Tsai ◽  
Tien Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Initial Oxidation ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
X Ray

Chromia-forming ferritic stainless steel (FSS) is a highly promising interconnect material for application in solid oxide fuel cells. In this study, initial oxidation of chromium oxides was performed at 500–800 °C to understand the evolution of materials at an early stage. The structural variations in oxide scales were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), laser confocal microscopy (LSCM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy. Surface electrochemical properties were investigated through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to understand how the heat treatment temperature affected surface impedance. Treatment temperatures higher than 700 °C facilitate the diffusion of Cr and Mn, thus allowing ferritic spinels to form on the surface and leading to high electrical conductivity.

Applications of in-vitro cell culture for measuring infectivity and inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
P.A. Rochelle
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
In Vitro Cell Culture ◽  
Infectivity Assay ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
Practical Tool ◽  
Cell Culture Assay ◽  
Evaluating Methods

Cryptosporidium parvum presents a significant problem for the water industry and public health officials because of its prevalence in sources of drinking water and its resistance to chlorine-based disinfectants; there is an urgent need for alternative, more effective disinfection strategies. Therefore, developing and evaluating methods for assessing the infectivity and inactivation of C. parvum oocysts are of paramount importance. Infectivity assays based on in-vitro cell culture have been developed as alternatives to human and animal-based assays to overcome ethical, cost, and practicality issues. Data obtained over a two-year period with an HCT-8 cell culture/RT-PCR infectivity assay generated an ID50 of 99 oocysts (95% CI: 84-117) and demonstrated that the cell culture assay was equivalent to the standard CD-1 mouse model for measuring infectivity of C. parvum oocysts. Aggregate data generated over two years using the HCT-8 cell culture/RT-PCR assay to measure UV disinfection of C. parvum demonstrated that 2.4 mJ/cm2 and 4.9 mJ/cm2 were necessary to achieve 1-log10 and 2-log10 inactivation, respectively. This work demonstrated that an HCT-8 cell culture-based infectivity coupled with RT-PCR for detecting C. parvum infections is a practical tool that can provide valuable information about the efficacy of disinfectants and the infectivity of oocysts in environmental waters.

scholarly journals An Innovative Approach to Manganese-Substituted Hydroxyapatite Coating on Zinc Oxide–Coated 316L SS for Implant Application

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karuppasamy Ananth ◽  
Jinxing Sun ◽  
Jiaming Bai
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Cyclic Polarization ◽  
X Ray

In this paper, the synthesis of porous manganese substituted hydroxyapatite (Mn-HAp) coating on zinc oxide (ZnO) coated stainless steel (316L SS) using the electrodeposition technique is reported. The structural, functional, morphological, and elemental analyses are characterized by various analytical techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results of electrochemical techniques such as cyclic polarization and impedance show that the Mn-HAp coating on ZnO coated 316L SS has the highest corrosion resistance in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. Moreover, dissolution of metal ions was extremely reduced, as evaluated by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The adhesion and hardness of Mn-HAp/ZnO bilayer coatings have superior mechanical properties over individual coatings. Further, the biocompatibility of in vitro osteoblast attachment, cell viability, and live/dead assessment also confirmed the suitability of Mn-HAp/ZnO bilayer coating on 316L SS for orthopedic applications.

Biomimetic keratin gold nanoparticle-mediated in vitro photothermal therapy on glioblastoma multiforme

Nanomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexa Guglielmelli ◽  
Paolo Rosa ◽  
Marco Contardi ◽  
Mirko Prato ◽  
Giorgio Mangino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Photothermal Heating ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
New Generation

Aim: To realize and characterize a new generation of keratin-coated gold nanoparticles (Ker-AuNPs) as highly efficient photosensitive nanosized therapeutics for plasmonic photothermal (PPT) therapy. Materials & methods: The chemical, physical, morphological and photothermal properties of Ker-AuNPs are investigated using dynamic light scattering, ζ-potential, UV–Visible, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution thermography. In vitro experiments are performed on a human glioblastoma cell line (i.e., U87-MG), using viability assays, transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, cytometric analyses and PPT experiments. Results: Experiments confirm the excellent biocompatibility of Ker-AuNPs, their efficient cellular uptake and localized photothermal heating capabilities. Conclusion: The reported structural and functional properties pointed out these Ker-AuNPs as a promising new tool in the field of biocompatible photothermal agents for PPT treatments against cancer-related diseases.

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