scholarly journals An Innovative Approach to Manganese-Substituted Hydroxyapatite Coating on Zinc Oxide–Coated 316L SS for Implant Application

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karuppasamy Ananth ◽  
Jinxing Sun ◽  
Jiaming Bai
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Cyclic Polarization ◽  
X Ray

In this paper, the synthesis of porous manganese substituted hydroxyapatite (Mn-HAp) coating on zinc oxide (ZnO) coated stainless steel (316L SS) using the electrodeposition technique is reported. The structural, functional, morphological, and elemental analyses are characterized by various analytical techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results of electrochemical techniques such as cyclic polarization and impedance show that the Mn-HAp coating on ZnO coated 316L SS has the highest corrosion resistance in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. Moreover, dissolution of metal ions was extremely reduced, as evaluated by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The adhesion and hardness of Mn-HAp/ZnO bilayer coatings have superior mechanical properties over individual coatings. Further, the biocompatibility of in vitro osteoblast attachment, cell viability, and live/dead assessment also confirmed the suitability of Mn-HAp/ZnO bilayer coating on 316L SS for orthopedic applications.

scholarly journals A Review on Nanotechnology: Analytical Techniques Use and Applications

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tassew Belete Bahru ◽  
Eyasu Gebrie Ajebe
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Dynamic Light Scattering ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
X Ray

The combination of nanotechnology with molecular biology, information technology and instrumentation, is opening the door to a new industrial age. The aim of this review article is to summarize the current knowledge of nanotechnology in synthesizing, identifying and characterization of nanomaterials using analytical techniques. Physical and chemical approach synthesis of nanomaterials befalls challenges in the development of analytical techniques used to characterize them. The major techniques include: Transmission Electron Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering, X ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction, Single Phase Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy, X ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Auger Electron Spectroscopy, X ray Absorption Fine Structure, Capillary Electrophoretic Separations, Magnetic nano particles coupled HPLC and Dynamic light scattering. Nanomaterials have been characterized for the extensive potential applications in optics, electronics, magnetics, and catalysts; chemical sensing, biomedicine, micro reactor, and they have been applied in food, biological, environmental and pharmaceuticals uses. In spite of the extended use of nano particles in diverse consumer products, there is a great concern over the unexpected impact or effects on humans due to exposure.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Acacia nilotica (L.) Extract to Overcome Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1919
Author(s):  
Elsayim Rasha ◽  
AlOthman Monerah ◽  
Alkhulaifi Manal ◽  
Ali Rehab ◽  
Doud Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant

Recently, concerns have been raised globally about antimicrobial resistance, the prevalence of which has increased significantly. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC) is considered one of the most common resistant bacteria, which has spread to ICUs in Saudi Arabia. This study was established to investigate the antibacterial activity of biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) against KPC in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we used the aqueous extract of Acacia nilotica (L.) fruits to mediate the synthesis of ZnO-NPs. The nanoparticles produced were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, zetasizer and zeta potential analyses, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The antimicrobial activity of ZnO-NPs against KPC was determined via the well diffusion method, and determining minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), the results showed low MIC and MBC when compared with the MIC and MBC of Imipenem and Meropenem antibiotics. The results of in vitro analysis were supported by the results upon applying ZnO-NP ointment to promote wound closure of rats, which showed better wound healing than the results with imipenem ointment. The biosynthesized ZnO-NPs showed good potential for use against bacteria due to their small size, applicability, and low toxicity to human cells.

scholarly journals Surface Characteristics and Cell Adhesion Behaviors of the Anodized Biomedical Stainless Steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6275
Author(s):  
Heng-Jui Hsu ◽  
Chia-Yu Wu ◽  
Bai-Hung Huang ◽  
Chi-Hsun Tsai ◽  
Takashi Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Vitro Cell Culture ◽  
Cell Culture Assay

In this study, an electrochemical anodizing method was applied as surface modification of the 316L biomedical stainless steel (BSS). The surface properties, microstructural characteristics, and biocompatibility responses of the anodized 316L BSS specimens were elucidated through scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, and in vitro cell culture assay. Analytical results revealed that the oxide layer of dichromium trioxide (Cr2O3) was formed on the modified 316L BSS specimens after the different anodization modifications. Moreover, a dual porous (micro/nanoporous) topography can also be discovered on the surface of the modified 316L BSS specimens. The microstructure of the anodized oxide layer was composed of amorphous austenite phase and nano-Cr2O3. Furthermore, in vitro cell culture assay also demonstrated that the osteoblast-like cells (MG-63) on the anodized 316L BSS specimens were completely adhered and covered as compared with the unmodified 316L BSS specimen. As a result, the anodized 316L BSS with a dual porous (micro/nanoporous) oxide layer has great potential to induce cell adhesion and promote bone formation.

Photocatalytic Oxidation of Alcohols Over Magnetically Recoverable Gold Supported Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1731-1738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma Hui ◽  
Wu Juzhen ◽  
Zhao Li ◽  
Zhou Zheng ◽  
Guo Jiahu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
One Pot ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Oxidation Of Alcohols

A one-pot simple and efficient synthetic route for the synthesis of Au-loaded Fe2O3 nanoparticles was developed, and this material's photocatalytic activity for visible light assisted oxidation of alcohols and degradation of organic dye were studied. As-synthesized nanostructured catalyst was characterised by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), SEM-mapping, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm (BET), and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). It was observed that 5–10 nm Au-nanoparticles supported on 10–80 nm Fe2O3 shows boomerang-shaped nanoparticle. Gold loading of 1 wt% shows high conversion and selectivity towards the target product aldehyde. The synthesized nanomaterial also proved to be an excellent photocatalyst for degradation of organic dyes such as methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RhB). The catalyst proved to be noteworthy as it does not loss in its catalytic activity even after five cycles of reuse.

Antiphotocorrosive photocatalysts containing CdS nanoparticles and exfoliated TiO2 nanosheets

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Yan ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Lianzhou Wang ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Xianfang Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Cds Nanoparticles ◽  
Visible Absorption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tio2 Nanosheets

Aimed at designing an efficient visible light active photocatalyst and suppressing the self-corrosion tendency of CdS nanoparticles, a novel composite consisting of CdS nanoparticles and exfoliated two-dimensional (2D) TiO2 nanosheets was successfully fabricated using a simple self-assembly process. The prepared samples were characterized using various techniques including x-ray diffraction, ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the exfoliated 2D nanosheets played an important role as an ultrathin coating to suppress the photocorrosion of CdS nanoparticles, evidenced by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer analysis. The resultant CdS/TiO2 composites exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity in the oxidation of Rhodamine B in water under visible light irradiation (λ > 420 nm).

Nanostructured manganese oxides and their composites with carbon nanotubes as electrode materials for energy storage devices

2008 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. 2327-2343 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Subramanian ◽  
Hongwei Zhu ◽  
Bingqing Wei
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Storage Devices

Manganese oxides have been synthesized by a variety of techniques in different nanostructures and studied for their properties as electrode materials in two different storage applications, supercapacitors (SCs) and Li-ion batteries. The composites involving carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and manganese oxides were also prepared by a simple room-temperature method and evaluated as electrode materials in the above applications. The synthesis of nanostructured manganese oxides was carried out by simple soft chemical methods without any structure directing agents or surfactants. The prepared materials were well characterized using different analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), surface area studies, etc. The electrochemical properties of the nanostructured manganese oxides and their composites were studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) studies. The influence of structural/surface properties on the electrochemical performance of the synthesized manganese oxides is reviewed.

scholarly journals Fabrication of a Promising Hierarchical Porous Surface on Titanium for Promoting Biocompatibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Chien Lan ◽  
Chia-Hsien Wang ◽  
Bai-Hung Huang ◽  
Yen-Chun Cho ◽  
Takashi Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Porous Surface ◽  
Potential Approach ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Adhesion Ability ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Hierarchical Porous

The effects of the nano-titanium hydrides (nano-γ-TiH) phase on the formation of nanoporous Ti oxide layer by the potential approach (hydrogen fluoride (HF) pretreatment and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) anodization) were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and transmission electron microscopy. The nano-γ-TiH phase was formed by the HF pretreatment with various current densities. After the NaOH anodization, the nano-γ-TiH phase was dissolved and transformed into nanoporous rutile-Ti dioxide (R-TiO2). As the Ti underwent HF pretreatment and NaOH anodization, the microstructure on the surface layer was transformed from α-Ti → (α-Ti + nano-γ-TiH) → (α-Ti + R-TiO2). In-vitro biocompatibility also indicated that the Ti with a hierarchical porous (micro and nanoporous) TiO2 surface possessed great potential to enhance cell adhesion ability. Thus, the potential approach can be utilized to fabricate a promising hierarchical porous surface on the Ti implant for promoting biocompatibility.

scholarly journals Chemical vapor deposition of germanium-rich CrGex nanowires

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 1365-1371
Author(s):  
Vladislav Dřínek ◽  
Stanislav Tiagulskyi ◽  
Roman Yatskiv ◽  
Jan Grym ◽  
Radek Fajgar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Crystalline Germanium

Chemical vapor deposition was applied to synthetize nanostructured deposits containing several sorts of nanoobjects (i.e., nanoballs, irregular particles, and nanowires). Analytical techniques, that is, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, electron dispersive X-ray analysis, selected area electron diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, showed that unlike nanoballs and particles composed of crystalline germanium, the layer was made of chromium germanide CrGex. The nanowires possessed a complex structure, namely a thin crystalline germanium core and amorphous CrGex coating. The composition of the nanowire coating was [Cr]/[Ge] = 1:(6–7). The resistance of the nanowire–deposit system was estimated to be 2.7 kΩ·cm using an unique vacuum contacting system.

scholarly journals Hydrous Hydrazine Decomposition for Hydrogen Production Using of Ir/CeO2: Effect of Reaction Parameters on the Activity

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1340
Author(s):  
Davide Motta ◽  
Ilaria Barlocco ◽  
Silvio Bellomi ◽  
Alberto Villa ◽  
Nikolaos Dimitratos
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Hydrazine Decomposition

In the present work, an Ir/CeO2 catalyst was prepared by the deposition–precipitation method and tested in the decomposition of hydrazine hydrate to hydrogen, which is very important in the development of hydrogen storage materials for fuel cells. The catalyst was characterised using different techniques, i.e., X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with X-ray detector (EDX) and inductively coupled plasma—mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). The effect of reaction conditions on the activity and selectivity of the material was evaluated in this study, modifying parameters such as temperature, the mass of the catalyst, stirring speed and concentration of base in order to find the optimal conditions of reaction, which allow performing the test in a kinetically limited regime.

scholarly journals In vitro bioactivity of glass-ceramic/fibroin composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lachezar Radev ◽  
Irena Michailova ◽  
Silviya Stateva ◽  
Diana Zaimova ◽  
Hristo Georgiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
In Vitro Bioactivity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Static Conditions

Bioactive composite materials were prepared by mixing 20 wt.% of silk fibroin (SF) and 80 wt.% of glassceramics from CaO-SiO2-P2O5-MgO system. In vitro bioactivity of the prepared composites was evaluated in 1.5 simulated body fluid (1.5 SBF) in static conditions. The obtained samples before and after in vitro tests were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The changes in 1.5 SBF solutions after soaking the samples were evaluated by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). MG63 osteosarcoma cells were used for the biological experiments. The obtained experimental data proved that the synthesized composites exhibit excellent in vitro bioactivity.

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