scholarly journals Study on the Variable-Temperature Drying Process of Corn Drying in an Industrial Corn-Drying System Equipped with a Self-Adaptive Control Heat Exchanger

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2772
Author(s):  
Bin Li ◽  
Zhiheng Zeng ◽  
Xuefeng Zhang ◽  
Ye Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Control ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Kinetic ◽  
Drying System ◽  
Self Adaptive

To realize energy-saving and efficient industrial grain drying, the present work studied the variable-temperature drying process of corn drying in a novel industrial corn-drying system with a heat recycling and self-adaptive control function. The drying kinetics, thermal performance, heat-loss characteristics and the heat-recycling performance of the drying system under different allocations between flue gas and hot air were investigated, and the optimized drying process was proposed and compared with two constant drying processes. The results showed that the optimized drying process exhibited better drying kinetic and thermal performance than the two constant drying processes. More specifically, the total heat loss, total energy consumption and specific energy consumption of the optimized drying process were ascertained to be 36,132.85 MJ, 48,803.99 MJ and 7290.27 kJ/kg, respectively, which were lower than those of the other two processes. On the other hand, the thermal efficiency of the drying chamber for the optimized drying process was ascertained to be varied within the range of 6.81–41.71%. Overall, the validation results showed that the optimized drying process can significantly improve the drying performance of the drying system.

scholarly journals Rapid Drying of High-Moisture Paddy Using a Pneumatic Dryer with Corrugated-Surface Drying Column

2020 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 01006
Author(s):  
Chatchai Nimmol ◽  
Aswin Yodrux ◽  
Anucha Hirunwat
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Corrugated Surface ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Drying System ◽  
Surface Drying ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Surface Length

Combination of corrugated-surface drying column and multipass drying concept (first-pass and second-pass drying) was made to increase the performance of a pneumatic dryer for high-moisture paddy. In this study, different characteristics of the drying column, which could be characterized by the ratio between the corrugated-surface length (C) and the total length (L) of the drying column (or C/L), were proposed. The influences of drying temperature (120oC, 150oC, and 180oC) and value of C/L (0, 0.5 and 1.0) on the dryer performance and energy utilization of the drying process were disscussed. The drying column with a higher value of C/L had higher potential for increasing dryer performance. For the first-pass drying, the drying system using the drying column with corrugated surface could reduce the energy consumption by 14% to 44% compared with the drying system using the drying column without corrugated surface. For the second-pass drying, the drying system using the drying column with corrugated surface consumed more energy, however. The moisture reduction of paddy could also be significantly increased after the second-pass drying.

scholarly journals Energy and Exergy Analyses of a Combined Infrared Radiation-Counterflow Circulation (IRCC) Corn Dryer

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6289
Author(s):  
Chengjie Li ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Junying Huang ◽  
Changyou Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Heat Loss Rate ◽  
Energy And Exergy ◽  
Drying System ◽  
Drying Technology ◽  
Exergy Analyses

Energy consumption performance evaluation of an industrial grain dryer is an essential step to check its current status and to put forward suggestions for more effective operation. The present work proposed a combined IRCC dryer with drying capacity of 4.2 t/h that uses a novel drying technology. Moreover, the existing energy–exergy methodology was applied to evaluate the performance of the dryer on the basis of energy efficiency, heat loss characteristics, energy recovery, exergy flow and exegetic efficiency. The results demonstrated that the average drying rate of the present drying system was 1.1 gwater/gwet matter h. The energy efficiency of the whole drying system varied from 2.16% to 35.21% during the drying process. The overall recovered radiant energy and the average radiant exergy rate were 674,339.3 kJ and 3.54 kW, respectively. However, the average heat-loss rate of 3145.26 MJ/h indicated that measures should be put in place to improve its performance. Concerning the exergy aspect, the average exergy rate for dehydration was 462 kW and the exergy efficiency of the whole drying system ranged from 5.16% to 38.21%. Additionally, the exergy analysis of the components indicated that the combustion chamber should be primarily optimized among the whole drying system. The main conclusions of the present work may provide theoretical basis for the optimum design of the industrial drying process from the viewpoint of energetics.

scholarly journals A Novel Self-Adaptive Control Method for Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Processing of Aluminum Alloys

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 2744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Yang ◽  
Jiaquan Zeng ◽  
Haisong Huang ◽  
Jiadui Chen ◽  
Biao Cao
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Control ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Electrolytic Oxidation ◽  
Plasma Electrolytic ◽  
Self Adaptive

Plasma electrolytic oxidation processing is a novel promising surface modification approach for various materials. However, its large-scale application is still restricted, mainly due to the problem of high energy consumption of the plasma electrolytic oxidation processing. In order to solve this problem, a novel intelligent self-adaptive control technology based on real-time active diagnostics and on the precision adjustment of the process parameters was developed. Both the electrical characteristics of the plasma electrolytic oxidation process and the microstructure of the coating were investigated. During the plasma electrolytic oxidation process, the discharges are maintained in the soft-sparking regime and the coating exhibits a good uniformity and compactness. A total specific energy consumption of 1.8 kW h m−2 μm−1 was achieved by using such self-adaptive plasma electrolytic oxidation processing on pre-anodized 6061 aluminum alloy samples.

Design and Analysis of Concentrated Solar-Energy Assisted Paddle Dryers

2014 ◽  
Vol 353 ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Jiang Yong Du ◽  
Xin Zhi Liu ◽  
Hou Lei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
System Configuration ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Concentrated Solar Energy ◽  
Drying System ◽  
Drying Technology ◽  
Radiation Conditions

Paddle dryer, one kind of indirect dryers, is widely used in removing moisture content of many materials, such as brown coal, sewage sludge, and biomass. For many applications, the materials to be dried are low-valued or even wastes, so the drying energy consumption becomes the critical issue. One way to reduce the energy consumption is to introduce solar-drying technology. In this paper, firstly, we present a paddle dryer system configuration with concentrated solar energy (CSE) device, which consists of trough-type collectors, thermal storage tanks and auxiliary parts. Then a calculating model is developed to design the drying system. Examples with typical solar radiation conditions in Nanjing, China are illustrated. The energy-saving rate (η), i.e. the ratio of the provided solar energy to the total energy required by the drying process on one-day basis, is evaluated. The developed lab prototype is finally described in brief.

Thermal Performance of a Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Material Floor with Different Heating Positions

2016 ◽  
Vol 717 ◽  
pp. 62-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Qin He Sun ◽  
Wei Tong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Type ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption ◽  
Change Material ◽  
Melting Degree

An effective method to reduce energy consumption for heating a building is by incorporating shape–stabilized phase change material (SSPCM) in building floors. In this study, a new type of SSPCM with increased thermal conductivity is formulated through a self–established experimental device. A model to analyze the thermal performance of the SSPCM floor is developed. The model is used to analyze the thermal performance of the SSPCM floor with two heating positions, one at the bottom and the other in the middle of the SSPCM. Results show that when the heating position is in the middle of the SSPCM, the melting speed is faster and the melting degree of SSPCM is larger than when it is at the bottom.

scholarly journals Solar Tunnel Drying System: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-262
Author(s):  
Manas Jyoti Barooah ◽  
◽  
Laxmi Narayan Sethi ◽  
Abhijit Borah ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
The Other ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
System A ◽  
Loading And Unloading ◽  
Drying System ◽  
Key Features

Production, productivity, and area under production from fruits and spices are gradually increasing. Improper processes of freshly harvested spice and fruit products will make them undergo qualitative deterioration with each passing hour. This deterioration is more pronounced in high humid areas. Drying process in one or the other form is essential. Freshly harvested spices and fruit products in average contain more than 80% moisture. The commodities need to be dried to have a moisture content below 10% in the shortest possible time for safe storage. Drying process in most cases are accomplished by the open sun. Meanwhile, the environmental condition in solar tunnel drying is enclosure type and the product is protected from rains, dust, insects, and rodents. Solar tunnel drying, a widely used bulk dryer, facilitates faster drying than open drying by virtue of the greenhouse effect. Commercial cultivators by and large choose faster drying methods using wood and fossil fuel-fired heating sources. This study attempts to review recent advances of various designs and working of the greenhouse drying system in totality, like auxiliary drying during off-sun hours, bulk drying feasibility, ease in loading and unloading along with an analysis of key features and economics involved.

Konsumsi Energi Pada Alat Pengering Surya dan Tipe Bak Untuk Pengeringan Biji Kakao

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamhot P. Manalu
Keyword(s):  
Specific Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Drying System ◽  
Drying Efficiency

Crop drying is essential for preservation in agricultural applications. It is performed either using fossil fuels in an artificial mechanical drying process or by placing the crop under the open sun. The first method is costly and has a negative impact on the environment, while the second method is totally dependent on the weather. The drying process requires a lot of energy in relation to the amount of water that must be evaporated from the product. It is estimated that 12% of the total energy used by the food industries and agriculture absorbed in this process. Due to the limitation of energy resources, it is important to keep researching and developing of diversification and optimization of energy This study aims to assess the use of energy for cocoa drying using solar energy dryer and bin-type dryer, as well as to determine the drying efficiency of each type of dryer. The results showed that the efficiency of the solar dryer drying system ranges between 36% to 46%, while the tub-type dryers between 21.7% to 33.1%. The specific energy of solar dryer ranged from 6.17-7.87 MJ / kg, while the tub-type dryers 8.58-13.63 MJ / kg. Dryer efficiency is influenced by the level of solar irradiation and the amount of drying load, the higher the irradiation received and more cocoa beans are dried, the drying efficiency is also higher and the specific energy further down.Proses pengeringan memerlukan banyak energi sehubungan dengan banyaknya air yang harus diuapkan dari bahan yang dikeringkan. Pengeringan dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan pengering mekanis berbahan bakar fosil atau dengan menempatkan produk di bawah matahari terbuka. Metode pertama adalah mahal dan memiliki dampak negatif pada lingkungan, sedangkan metode kedua sangat tergantung pada cuaca. Diperkirakan bahwa 12% dari total energi yang dipergunakan oleh industri pangan dan pertanian diserap untuk proses ini. Mengingat semakin terbatasnya sumber energi bahan bakar minyak maka usaha diversifikasi dan optimasi energi untuk pengeringan perlu terus diteliti dan dikembangkan. Salah satunya adalah pemanfaatan energi surya sebagai sumber energi terbarukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penggunaan energi untuk pengeringan kakao dengan memakai pengering energi surya dan pengering tipe bak, serta untuk mengetahui efisiensi pengeringan dari masing-masing tipe pengering. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi total sistem pengeringan alat pengering surya berkisar antara 36% dan 46%, sedangkan pengering tipe bak antara 21.7% dan 33.1%. Kebutuhan energi spesifik alat pengering surya berkisar antara 6.17-7.87 MJ/kg, sedangkan alat pengering tipe bak 8.58-13.63 MJ/kg. Efisiensi alat pengering dipengaruhi oleh tingkat iradiasi surya dan jumlah beban pengeringan, semakin tinggi iradiasi yang diterima pengering serta semakin banyak biji kakao yang dikeringkan, maka efisiensi pengeringan juga semakin tinggi dan kebutuhan energi spesifik semakin turun.Keywords: energy, efficiency, cocoa, solar dryer, bin-type dryer.

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