scholarly journals Effect of Nano Hydrotalcite on the Aging Resistance of a High Binder Content Stone Mastic Asphalt

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 9971
Author(s):  
João Crucho ◽  
José Neves
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Binder Content ◽  
Barrier Effect ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Aging Resistance ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Double Hydroxide

Hydrotalcite, a type of layered double hydroxide (LDH), reveals an interesting potential for the modification of bitumen. The LDH can induce a barrier effect that prevents the loss of volatiles, retards oxidation, and protects against ultraviolet radiation. Such properties can enhance the aging resistance of the bitumen. However, there is a gap in knowledge regarding the effects of the modification with hydrotalcite in the properties of the asphalt mixture. To contribute to fill such a gap, the current study presents a characterization of the effects of the modification with nano hydrotalcite in the surface characteristics, mechanical performance, and aging resistance of an asphalt mixture. To better explore the effects of the modification, the selected asphalt mixture was a high binder content (7.5%) Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA). The experimental study indicates that the binder-rich SMA presented adequate performance for application in surface courses. If compared to conventional mixtures, the binder-rich SMA presented better initial mechanical performance (unaged conditions). Furthermore, it presented smaller variation in the parameters between unaged and aged conditions, indicating enhanced aging resistance. The modification with nano hydrotalcite induced smaller evolution in the fatigue resistance parameters, indicating enhanced aging resistance; however, in the remaining tests, the trends were not clear.

Performance Characterization of Stone Mastic Asphalt using Steel Fiber

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekarizan Shaffie ◽  
◽  
H.A. Rashid ◽  
Fiona Shiong ◽  
Ahmad Kamil Arshad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steel Fiber ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Bitumen Content ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Marshall Stability

Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) is a gap-graded hot mixture designed to provide higher resistance towards permanent deformation and rutting potential by 30% to 40% more than dense-graded asphalt, due to its stable aggregate skeleton structure. However, compared to other types of hot mix asphalt, SMA unfortunately has some shortcomings in term of its susceptibility towards moisture-induced damage due to its structure and excessive bitumen content in the composition. This research aims to assess the performance of a SMA mixture with steel fiber by enhancing overall stability, abrasion resistance, and, most importantly, moisture susceptibility. This study involved the incorporation of various steel fiber proportions of 0%, 0.3%, 0.5% and 0.7% by the total weight of mixture. The steel fiber modified SMA was made up of 6.0% PEN 60/70 bitumen content. The performance of SMA were evaluated through Marshall stability and flow test, Cantabro loss test and indirect tensile strength test. The results obtained from the testing showed that the incorporation of steel fiber is significantly effective to enhance the resistance towards moisture damage, while increasing the stability and reducing the abrasion loss of SMA mixture, compared to conventional mixture. Overall, it can be concluded that the addition of steel fiber in asphalt mixture specifically SMA, has improved the mechanical performance in the application of asphalt pavement with the optimum steel fiber proportion of 0.3% by the weight of mixture. The developed models between the independent variables and responses demonstrated high levels of correlation. The study found that Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is an effective statistical method for providing an appropriate empirical model for relating parameters and predicting the optimum performance of an asphaltic mixture to reduce flexible pavement failure.

scholarly journals Effect of Palm Oil Clinker (POC) Aggregate on the Mechanical Properties of Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) Mixtures

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2716
Author(s):  
Ali Babalghaith ◽  
Suhana Koting ◽  
Nor Sulong ◽  
Mohamed Karim ◽  
Syakirah Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Binder Content ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Aggregate Composition

Aggregate composition has a pivotal role in ensuring the quality of pavement materials. The use of waste materials to replace the aggregate composition of asphalt pavement leads to green, sustainable, and environmentally friendly construction, which ultimately preserves nature by reducing the need to harvest materials from natural sources. Using the Marshall mix design, the main objective of this paper is to investigate the effects of waste palm oil clinker (POC) as fine aggregates replacement on the properties of stone mastic asphalt (SMA) mixture. Six groups of asphalt mixtures were prepared using different percentages of palm oil clinker content (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%). To determine the Marshall properties and select the optimum binder content, asphalt mixture samples with different percentages of asphalt binder content (5.0%, 5.5%, 6.0%, 6.5%, and 7.0%) were prepared for each group. The results showed that the palm oil clinker was appropriate for use as a fine aggregate replacement up to 100% in SMA mixture and could satisfy the mix design requirements in terms of Marshall stability, flow, quotient, and volumetric properties. However, the percentage of palm oil clinker replacement as fine aggregate has merely influenced the optimum binder content. Furthermore, there were improvements in the drain down, resilient modulus and indirect tensile fatigue performances of the SMA mixture. In conclusion, the use of POC as fine aggregates replacement in SMA mixture indicates a good potential to be commercialized in flexible pavement construction.

PERFORMANCE OF STONE MASTIC ASPHALT MIX USING SELECTED FIBRES

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (7-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Kamil Arshad ◽  
Syahirah Mansor ◽  
Ekarizan Shafie ◽  
Wardati Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Fibre ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Binder Content ◽  
Cellulose Fibres ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Alternative Material ◽  
Asphalt Mix ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt

Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) is a gap-graded asphalt mixture that depends on the stone-to-stone contact to provide its load carrying capacity against rutting. However, binder draindown is a problem for SMA mixtures, due to its intentional high binder content. This paper details the performance evaluation of two different cellulose fibres used in SMA14 mix; synthetic fibre (Viatop66) and natural fibre (Kenaf) to prevent binder drainage. The cellulose fibres, 0.3 percent by weight of the mixture, were uniformly combined with the dried aggregate before the asphalt cement was added during mixing process. Laboratory specimens were prepared using 50 blows of the Marshall hammer per side. The Optimum Binder Content (OBC) for the SMA14 mix with Viatop66 was found to be 6.1 percent, while the OBC for the SMA14 mix with Kenaf was found to be 5.9 percent. Rut depth obtained for SMA14 mix Kenaf was lower (1.6 mm) compared with SMA14 mix with Viatop66 (1.8 mm).  The tensile strength ratio recorded for both mixes are greater than 80 percent, indicating adequate stripping resistance. The fibres were found to interact well with other substances in the SMA14 mix using the Environment Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM). This indicates that the natural fibre could efficiently retain the binder in the mix. Therefore, natural fibre (Kenaf) could be an alternative material to replace the synthetic fibre for the SMA14 mixture. 

Laboratory Evaluation of Warm Stone Matrix Asphalt Mixture

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 4178-4181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Wen Du ◽  
Shan Shan Li
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Performance Properties ◽  
Stone Matrix Asphalt ◽  
Low Temperature Cracking ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Warm Additives

Two kinds of warm additives, Sasobit and Evotherm DAT, were used to develop warm stone mastic asphalt (SMA) mixture. The test results showed that compaction temperature of SMA can be decreased by 30-40°C when using Sasobit or Evotherm DAT. Then, to compare the mechanical performance properties of SMA and warm SMAs, mechanical properties of pavement mixture, including Marshall stability, retained Marshall stability, tensile strength ratio, Cantabro loss, rutting dynamic stability and low temperature flexural strength, were tested in laboratory. The results indicated that Sasobit can decrease obviously the moisture resistance ability and low temperature cracking resistance ability of SMA. Therefore, the pavement performance properties of Sasobit warm SMA are inferior to those of Evotherm DAT warm SMA, which has the nearly same performance properties as hot SMA.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of Stone Mastic Asphalt Incorporating Kenaf Fibre

CONSTRUCTION ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
G. Danoshini ◽  
A. Baqadeem ◽  
A. K. S. Al-Shakhrit ◽  
N. E. Jasni ◽  
Khairil Azman Masri
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Kenaf Fiber ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt

Stone mastic asphalt consists of two components of coarse aggregate and bitumen-filled mortar (bituminous blend, filler, and stabilizing additives like cellulosic or mineral fibers). Such a form of hot mix asphalt (SMA) was first developed in Germany in the mid-1960s to cope with corrosion and ribbed wheel destruction. The mixture was then known as stone mastic asphalt, which was not only immune to ribbed wheels but also has strong resistance against rutting. One of the most significant problems when constructing the stone mastic asphalt pavement is permanent deformation. By a load of traffic and the strain of the tires, much of the irreversible deformation happens in the ground. According to a previous study, researchers have stated that the kenaf fiber's physical strength and thermal characteristics are superior compared to other forms of natural fiber polymer composites, and therefore deemed a desirable applicant for elevated-performance natural fiber composite materials. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess the mechanical performance of stone mastic asphalt incorporating kenaf fiber by developing a regression model. A set of data of SMA mixture incorporating various percentages of kenaf fiber were assessed through statistical analysis in Minitab 19 by using the resilient modulus as the dependant variable in the first model and the accumulated strain from the dynamic creep test as the dependant variable in the second model. The regression models showed a positive impact of kenaf fiber as an additive in the SMA mixture.  For more future studies, it is recommended to analyze the effect of the various proportions of kenaf fiber with bitumen modification towards stone mastic asphalt performance that will render the satisfactory performance of SMA during service.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of New Layered Double Hydroxide-Polyolefin Film Nanocomposites with Special Optical Properties

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuensanta Monzó ◽  
Ana Caparrós ◽  
Diego Pérez-Pérez ◽  
Alejandro Arribas ◽  
Ramón Pamies
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Whitening Agent ◽  
Thermoplastic Matrix ◽  
Double Hydroxide ◽  
Double Hydroxides ◽  
Film Nanocomposites

In this study, we have synthesized new double layered hydroxides to be incorporated to low density polyethylene thermoplastic matrix. These new composites present promising applications as materials to build greenhouses due to the enhancement of their optical properties. A characterization of the modified nanoclay has been performed by means of X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). We have prepared a series of polyolefin-based films to evaluate the effect of the addition of a whitening agent (disodium 2,2′-((1,1′-biphenyl)-4,4′-diyldivinylene)bis(benzenesulfonate)), the modified hydrotalcite-like material and a commercial dispersant. The rheological and mechanical characterization of the films have proved that the inclusion of the modified-layered double hydroxides (LDHs) do not substantially affect the processing and mechanical performance of the material. On the other hand, optical properties of the nanocomposites are improved by reducing the transmission in the UVA region.

scholarly journals Reutilization of Recycled Cellulose Diacetate From Discarded Cigarette Filters in Production of Stone Mastic Asphalt Mixtures

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huachen Liu ◽  
Yikun Chen ◽  
Yongjie Xue
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Polyacrylonitrile Fiber ◽  
Cellulose Diacetate ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
Corrugated Structure

In this paper, recycled cellulose diacetate (rCDA) derived from cigarette butts was used as a fiber stabilizer to develop stone mastic asphalt (SMA) mixtures. The characterizations of rCDA were investigated by scanning electron microcopy (SEM), a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Volumetric stability, temperature stability, moisture stability, and fatigue performance of SMA mixtures with rCDA were tested to obtain the pavement performance. Results showed that rCDA appeared to have a tough surface texture with a curly and corrugated structure, which facilitated the enhancement of the cohesion bond with the asphalt binder. TG-DTG indicated that the maximum weight loss (62.48%) obtained at temperatures ranging from 294.1°C to 376.0°C was due to decomposition and degradation of organic matters. When 0.4% rCDA was used in the asphalt mixture, the dynamic stability was 4,105 cycles/mm. The ultimate flexural strength and flexural stiffness modulus were 3,722 MPa and 9.7 MPa. It indicated that the temperature stability of 0.4% rCDA was superior to 0.3% polyacrylonitrile fiber (PAN), while inferior to 0.3% polyester (PET). The value of tensile strength ratio and residual Marshall stability were 80.2 and 75.3%, respectively. The fatigue life of 0.4% rCDA was technically like that of 0.3% PAN and 0.3% PET at lower stress levels. All results concluded that the optimum content of rCDA in asphalt mixtures was 0.4% by mass of the binder.

Effects of Mixture and Aggregate Type on Over-Compaction in Hot Mix Asphalt in Tennessee

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110615
Author(s):  
Pawel Polaczyk ◽  
Yuetan Ma ◽  
Wei Hu ◽  
Rui Xiao ◽  
Xi Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Aggregate Structure ◽  
Mixture Density ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Compaction Energy ◽  
The Moment

Correct compaction is vital for asphalt mixture service life. An adequately compacted mixture with inferior properties can achieve better performance than a mixture with excellent properties but poorly compacted. This study investigated resistance to damage caused by over-compaction by utilizing the locking point concept. Over-compaction might cause damage to the aggregate structure and decrease service life. The locking point is defined as the moment during mixture compaction at which an aggregate skeleton is developed and becomes stable. Beyond the locking point, more compaction energy does not significantly increase mixture density and can damage aggregate particles. A total of 15 mixtures was utilized and evaluated using the gyratory compactor. Among them, five dense-graded plant mixtures contained different aggregates and binders, and 10 laboratory mixtures (three types: the surface, the base, and stone mastic asphalt [SMA]) were designed with the most popular coarse aggregates in Tennessee: hard limestone, soft limestone, gravel, and granite. The results of this study show that the highest locking point was reached by the mixtures containing gravel. The SMA mixtures have, on average, lower locking points than the dense-graded mixtures. Most of the dense-graded mixtures made with crushed stones failed in the range of +20 to +30 gyrations, whereas the samples made with gravels failed in the range of +30 to +40 gyrations, indicating that gravel seems to be the most resistant to damage.

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