scholarly journals Effects of Virgin Microplastics on Growth, Intestinal Morphology and Microbiota on Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11921
Author(s):  
Chaonan Zhang ◽  
Qiujie Wang ◽  
Shaodan Wang ◽  
Zhengkun Pan ◽  
Di Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Fish Gut ◽  
The Impact

Microplastics (MPs), classified as plastic debris less than 5 mm in size, are widely found in various aquatic environments. However, there have been few studies regarding their potential threat under aquaculture conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the general health, intestinal morphology and microbiota of virgin polypropylene MPs (3–4 mm) on largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) over a 28-d exposure period. Four groups were divided according to whether the MPs were added in water or in food. The results disproved the hypothesis that MPs expose may adversely affect the growth of fish. Largemouth bass expelled MPs with minimal harm to the organism. MPs exposure had no significant effect on the community composition or diversity of intestinal microbial, although it could partly influence intestinal morphology, and the recombination process of the intestinal microbial community. Fish may be more sensitive to answer MPs exposure in water than in feed. Proteobacteria could potentially be pathogenic bacteria phylum in fish gut when affected by MPs. This research represents an innovative attempt to investigate the impact of virgin MPs on largemouth bass using a manipulative feeding experiment. The results could provide new insight on commercial fish health when challenged with MPs pollution.

scholarly journals Distinct expression and activity profiles of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) estrogen receptors in response to estradiol and nonylphenol

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara Sabo-Attwood ◽  
Jason L Blum ◽  
Kevin J Kroll ◽  
Vishal Patel ◽  
Detlef Birkholz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Hepatic Expression ◽  
Estrogen Response ◽  
Reporter Assays ◽  
Impaired Health ◽  
Estrogenic Contaminants ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Expression And Activity

AbstractThe estrogen receptor (ER) signaling cascade is a vulnerable target of exposure to environmental xenoestrogens, like nonylphenol (NP), which are causally associated with impaired health status. However, the impact of xenoestrogens on the individual receptor isotypes (α, βa, and βb) is not well understood. The goal of these studies was to determine the impact of NP on largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) ER isotype expression and activity. Here, we show that hepatic expression levels of three receptors are not equivalent in male largemouth bass exposed to NP by injection. Transcript levels of the ERα subtype were predominantly induced in concert with vitellogenin similarly to fish exposed to 17β-estradiol (E2) as measured by quantitative real-time PCR. NP also induced circulating plasma levels of estrogen, which may contribute to overall activation of the ERs. To measure the activation of each receptor isotype by E2 and NP, we employed reporter assays using an estrogen response element (ERE)–luciferase construct. Results from these studies show that ERα had the greatest activity following exposure to E2 and NP. This activity was inhibited by the antagonists ICI 182 780 and ZM 189 154. Furthermore, both βb and βa subtypes depressed ERα activation, suggesting that the cellular composition of receptor isotypes may contribute to the overall actions of estrogen and estrogenic contaminants via the receptors. Results from these studies collectively reveal the differential response of fish ER isotypes in response to xenoestrogens.

Trophic Interaction and Competition Between Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) and Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in a Manipulated Lake

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1704-1712 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Hodgson ◽  
Carol J. Hodgson ◽  
Scott M. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Diet Diversity ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sample Methodology ◽  
Pooled Sample

We examined the impact of competition between largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) on diet and condition factor of the two species. Data were collected from Paul Lake (a control lake containing only bass) and Peter Lake (an experimental lake to which trout were introduced) (Michigan, USA). We compared diets of 1988 bass and trout in Peter Lake, 1987 and 1988 bass in both Peter and Paul lakes, and 1988 trout and 1987 bass in Peter Lake. Patterns in diet overlap demonstrated with pooled sample methodology could not always be matched with a random individual pairing technique. With the pooled methodologies, we demonstrated a diet composition shift with significant changes in diet diversity and evenness in the Peter Lake bass after the introduction of trout: such bass ate fewer zooplankton (Daphnia spp.) and more odonate naiads than before trout introduction, and their condition factor was reduced. Seasonal divergence in diets between bass and trout was observed. Growth rates of Paul Lake bass did not differ significantly between years, and relative to the experimental lake there were fewer statistically significant dietary differences.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Phospholipids on Growth Performance, Digestive Enzymes Activity and Intestinal Health of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) Larvae

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilin Wang ◽  
Zhihao Han ◽  
Giovanni M. Turchini ◽  
Xiaoyuan Wang ◽  
Zishuo Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

While the beneficial roles of dietary phospholipids on health status and overall performances of fish larvae have been well demonstrated, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To address this gap, the present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary phospholipids on growth performance, intestinal development, immune response and microbiota of larval largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic micro-diets were formulated to contain graded inclusion levels of phospholipids (1.69, 3.11, 5.23, 7.43 and 9.29%). Results showed that the supplementation of dietary phospholipids linearly improved the growth performance of largemouth bass larvae. The inclusion of dietary phospholipids increased the activity of digestive enzymes, such as lipase, trypsin and alkaline phosphatase, and promoted the expression of tight junction proteins including ZO-1, claudin-4 and claudin-5. Additionally, dietary phospholipids inclusion alleviated the accumulation of intestinal triacylglycerols, and further elevated the activity of lysozyme. Dietary phospholipids inhibited the transcription of some pro-inflammatory cytokines, including il-1β, and tnf-α, but promoted the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines tgf-β, with these modifications being suggested to be mediated by the p38MAPK/Nf-κB pathway. The analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA V3-4 region indicated that the intestinal microbiota profile was significantly altered at the genus level with dietary phospholipids inclusion, including a decreased richness of pathogenic bacteria genera Klebsiella in larval intestine. In summary, it was showed that largemouth bass larvae have a specific requirement for dietary phospholipids, and this study provided novel insights on how dietary phospholipids supplementation contributes to improving the growth performance, digestive tract development and intestinal health.

Responses of native and invasive fishes to carbon dioxide: potential for a nonphysical barrier to fish dispersal

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 1748-1759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Kates ◽  
Clark Dennis ◽  
Matthew R. Noatch ◽  
Cory D. Suski
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Silver Carp ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Bighead Carp ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Impact

Upon arrival in a novel environment, invasive species have the potential to cause negative consequences at their new location. Rather than try to eliminate invasive species after introduction, preventing their spread is a more efficient strategy to mitigate impact. The current study used a laboratory setting to quantify the efficacy of elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) in water to act as a nonphysical barrier to deter fish movement. Our focus was on deterring the movements of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), but largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) were also examined to quantify the impact of elevated CO2 on native species. Exposure of all species to 30 mg·L−1 dissolved CO2 for 1 h, compared with ambient CO2 concentrations of 10 mg·L−1, resulted in an elevated stress response, along with alterations to ionic–osmotic balance. Exposure of fish to 70 mg·L−1 CO2 caused a reduction in ventilation rates after 1 h, while both silver carp and bighead carp lost equilibrium. Silver carp, largemouth bass, and bluegill also showed avoidance of CO2 at approximately 100 mg·L−1. Together, results suggest that zones of elevated CO2 have potential to deter the movement of fishes.

Behavioral phenotype does not predict habitat occupancy or angling capture of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 399-409
Author(s):  
T.D. Keiling ◽  
M.J. Louison ◽  
C.D. Suski
Keyword(s):  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Foraging Strategies ◽  
Habitat Occupancy ◽  
Open Habitat ◽  
Behavior Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Predator Behavior

Fish behavior types can predict angling vulnerability, providing insights about how recreational fishing may lead to artificial trait selection. Most vulnerability studies have focused on species with active foraging strategies, and the impact of environmental conditions on vulnerability has not been quantified. The objective of this study was to determine the influences of behavior types and habitat on angling vulnerability of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides (Lacepède, 1802)) — a sit-and-wait predator. Behavior assays quantified individual activity and boldness, then experimental angling took place in ponds with two habitat treatments: (1) structured habitat with artificial structures present and (2) open habitat with no structures added. Two anglers determined which individual largemouth bass were vulnerable to capture across the two contexts. In contrast with previous studies involving active foragers, behavior types of largemouth bass did not influence capture, regardless of habitat type. The number of captures also did not differ between structured and open habitat. However, anglers captured fish with different behavioral phenotypes, revealing additional complexity for factors that may affect behavioral selection. Findings suggest that angling may not be selecting for specific activity or boldness phenotypes of largemouth bass, even across habitat types, but that anglers may influence selection.

Experimental Study of the Impact of Alisma plantago-aquatica Secretions on Pathogenic Bacteria

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
O. Zhukorskyy ◽  
O. Hulay
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Initial Density ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Erysipelothrix Rhusiopathiae ◽  
Natural Focus ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Popula Tions ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Aim. To estimate the impact of in vivo secretions of water plantain (Alisma plantago-aquatica) on the popula- tions of pathogenic bacteria Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. Methods. The plants were isolated from their natural conditions, the roots were washed from the substrate residues and cultivated in laboratory conditions for 10 days to heal the damage. Then the water was changed; seven days later the selected samples were sterilized using fi lters with 0.2 μm pore diameter. The dilution of water plantain root diffusates in the experimental samples was 1:10–1:10,000. The initial density of E. rhusiopathiae bacteria populations was the same for both experimental and control samples. The estimation of the results was conducted 48 hours later. Results. When the dilution of root diffusates was 1:10, the density of erysipelothrixes in the experimental samples was 11.26 times higher than that of the control, on average, the dilution of 1:100 − 6.16 times higher, 1:1000 – 3.22 times higher, 1:10,000 – 1.81 times higher, respectively. Conclusions. The plants of A. plantago-aquatica species are capable of affecting the populations of E. rhusiopathiae pathogenic bacteria via the secretion of biologically active substances into the environment. The consequences of this interaction are positive for the abovementioned bacteria, which is demon- strated by the increase in the density of their populations in the experiment compared to the control. The intensity of the stimulating effect on the populations of E. rhusiopathiae in the root diffusates of A. plantago-aquatica is re- ciprocally dependent on the degree of their dilution. The investigated impact of water plantain on erysipelothrixes should be related to the topical type of biocenotic connections, the formation of which between the test species in the ecosystems might promote maintaining the potential of natural focus of rabies. Keywords: Alisma plantago-aquatica, in vivo secretions, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, population density, topical type of connections.

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