scholarly journals Evidence for Human-Centric In-Vehicle Lighting: Part 1

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 552
Author(s):  
Christopher Weirich ◽  
Yandan Lin ◽  
Tran Khanh
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Color Preferences ◽  
Visual Signaling ◽  
Illumination System ◽  
Dynamic Lighting ◽  
Globally Distributed ◽  
Human Factors Research

Today, up to hundreds of RGB and W-LEDs are positioned in a vehicle’s interior context and are able to be individually controlled in intensity, color and sequence. However, which kind of illumination distracts or supports car occupants and how to define such a modern illumination system is still under discussion and unknown. For that, first a definition for an in-vehicle lighting system is introduced. Second, a globally distributed study was performed based on a free-access online survey to investigate in-vehicle lighting for visual signaling within 10 colors, eight positions and six dynamic patterns. In total, 238 participants from China and Europe rated color preferences, color moods, light-position preferences, differences between manual and autonomous driving and also different meanings for dynamic lighting patterns. Out of these, three strong significant (p < 0.05) color preference groups were identified with a polarized, accepted or merged character. For the important driving-signaling mood attention, we found a significant hue dependency for Europeans which was missing within the Chinese participants. In addition, we identified that light positioned at the door and foot area was globally favored. Furthermore, we evaluated qualitative results: men are primarily focusing on fast-forward, whereas women paid more attention on practical light usage. These findings conclude the need for a higher lighting-car-occupant adaptation in the future grounded by deeper in-vehicle human factors research to achieve a higher satisfaction level. In interdisciplinary terms, our findings might also be helpful for interior building or general modern cockpit designs for trains or airplanes.

scholarly journals Plausibility of Human Remote Driving: Human-Centered Experiments from the Point of View of Teledrivers and Telepassengers

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 2018-2023
Author(s):  
Christopher Cabrall ◽  
Jork Stapel ◽  
Pavan Besemer ◽  
Koen Jongbloed ◽  
Mitchel Knipscheer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Control Loop ◽  
Angle Error ◽  
Steering Angle ◽  
Test Driver ◽  
Human Factors Research ◽  
Remote Driving

Remote driving operations represents an area of growing promise to exercise human driving capability rather than replace it. Autonomous driving technology is often motivated towards removing humans from the control loop of driving but up to now, has not been able to fully realize such aims. This paper summarizes two experiments that were conducted to investigate viability aspects of emulated teledriving from the point of view of a teledriver and of telepassengers. In the first experiment, a test driver improved lateral lane conformance across a closed-course track after only a few laps while experiencing novel arrangements of live-filmed driving camera and display views. In the second experiment, acceptance ratings from online survey respondents showed prominent negative scores only after viewing simulated driving videos with up to 20x to 50x the steering angle error of a modeled tele-steering device. Together, these studies suggest plausibility for teledriving and promise for future human factors research in this area.

scholarly journals The Follow-up Photobioreactor Illumination System for the Cultivation of Photosynthetic Microorganisms

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Brzychczyk ◽  
Tomasz Hebda ◽  
Jakub Fitas ◽  
Jan Giełżecki
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
White Led ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Illumination System ◽  
Photosynthetic Microorganisms ◽  
Lighting Systems

The article presents the basic conceptual assumptions of a photobioreactor with a complementary lighting system. The cylindrical bioreactor has three independent, interconnected, and fully controlled lighting systems. A characteristic feature is the combination of the lighting system with the measurement of photosynthetically active PAR (photosynthetically active radiation) and the optical density of the culture medium. The entire lighting system is based on RGBW (“red, green, blue, white”) LED and RBG (“red, green, blue”) LEDs. The pilot study was conducted on a simplified prototype of a photobioreactor designed for the distribution and optimization of light in algae cultures designed for energy purposes. The study was carried out on microalgae Chlorella Vulgaris BA0002a from the collection of marine algae cultures.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding support at an Australian Breastfeeding Association drop-in service: a descriptive survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine S. Burns ◽  
Louise Duursma ◽  
Zoi Triandafilidis
Keyword(s):  
Peer Support ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Support Service ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Practical Support ◽  
Qualitative Responses ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
Face Support

Abstract Background In Australia, during the early establishment phase of breastfeeding, women can access telephone peer support counselling provided by the Australian Breastfeeding Association (ABA) however options for face-to-face peer support are limited. The known factors which improve ongoing and exclusive breastfeeding include face-to-face support, peer and/or professional support, and trained personnel. This study aimed to examine women’s experiences of accessing one breastfeeding drop-in peer support service provided by trained peer support volunteer counsellors from the ABA. Methods Women who accessed the service were invited, in 2014, to participate in an anonymous online survey which collected both quantitative and qualitative data. Participants were asked about their experiences of breastfeeding support, as well as their experiences of the drop-in service. In total, 53 women completed the online survey, and subsequent analysis generated descriptive statistics and qualitative themes. Results Responses to the survey revealed that women attended the drop-in service with infants ranging in age from less than 1 week through to 12 months of age. Most women reported attending with infants aged 0–8 weeks of age (72%). The predominant presenting problems identified were sore/damaged nipples, difficulties with infant latching to the breast, or concerns about using nipple shields. Analysis of the open text qualitative responses revealed one overarching theme ‘Support to continue breastfeeding’ and four subthemes: ‘feeling listened to and not judged’; ‘emotional support and confidence building’; ‘the importance of face-to-face, practical support’; and ‘the need for ongoing, free access’. Discussion In this study many women were seeking support for ongoing breastfeeding difficulties. Health professionals who had limited breastfeeding knowledge and skills were identified as most unhelpful in providing support with ongoing breastfeeding difficulties. Women valued having access to trained peer counsellors, who had the capacity to provide non-judgemental, face-to-face support; who could sit through a feed; in a space that was ‘safe’; and who could enhance a woman’s confidence with breastfeeding over the course of her full breastfeeding journey. Conclusions Reactive peer support, provided in response to need, at an Australian Breastfeeding Association drop-in service, was described by participants as pivotal to enabling their ongoing breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Dynamic Lighting System to Increase the Attention of Design Students in the Classroom

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (55) ◽  
pp. e12233
Author(s):  
Andres Eduardo Nieto-Vallejo ◽  
Jorge Enrique Camacho ◽  
Roberto Cuervo-Pulido ◽  
Edgar Hernandez-Mihajlovic
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Color Temperature ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Design Students ◽  
Dynamic Lighting ◽  
The Brain

Dynamic lighting is playing a key role in education, by considering the main photometric variables such as the correlated color temperature and the illuminance to increase student’s attention levels inside the classroom. In the case of design students, the project component is fundamental for teaching, where students mainly need to develop activities such as presentation to listen to the teacher instructions, ideation and sketching to propose a solution according to the problem being addressed, and exhibition to present the work that has been done. These activities require specific and adequate lighting conditions to generate a positive impact on the performance of students. This article presents the design of a dynamic lighting system capable of adjusting the correlated color temperature in a range from 2500 K to 6500 K and the illuminance levels in a range from 0 lx to 800 lx to enhance the sustained and fixed attention of design students inside the classroom according to the type of activity that is being developed. The performance of the system was evaluated experimentally by measuring student’s attention inside the ergonomics and usability laboratory by using the Gesell chamber, the Emotiv Epoc EEG Headset with 14 electrodes to measure the brain activity and obtain engagement and focus levels, the eye tracking Tobii glasses, and a protocol to evaluate performance including several surveys and camera observation. In conclusion, the dynamic lighting system can improve the attention of design students by configuring the photometric variables according to the type of activity that is being done.

scholarly journals The Problem of Online Learning in Islamic Primary School in Yogyakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Nana Apriliana
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Teacher Education Program ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Teaching Quality ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Internet Connection

In the rapid development of religion-based schools in Indonesia, especially Islam, this study intended to determine the problems experienced by students, parents, and teachers in Islamic primary school (Madrasah Ibtidaiyah) during online learning due to the pandemic Covid-19. This was a descriptive study using the online survey method. The data was collected using online open-ended questionnaires to 136 participants of elementary school students, parents, and teachers. It was found that students preferred play to study, they were lack of discipline in learning and felt bored studying at home. Whereas, the entire phone's memory, unstable internet connection, and lack of budget for internet connection were the most obstacle factors faced by parents and teachers. The teachers also had unlimited working time. Parents were also challenging to explain the materials for their children, challenging to build students' motivation, difficult to divide the time between work and guide their children to study. Therefore, the researcher recommends (1) applying learning rules to discipline students learning activities during online learning, (2) consulting with teachers or find appropriate sources to explain difficult materials i.e. free access to online learning media provided by the Ministry of Education and Culture (MoEC) to enrich learning sources, (3) creating a comfortable learning atmosphere, trying to learn outdoor and interspersed with fun activities are essential methods to kill children boredom in online learning, and (4) equipping teachers with online learning skills i.e. the use of technology, software, and teaching online method in long term teacher education program (Pendidikan Profesi Guru/PPG) to improve teachers' teaching quality in online teaching.

scholarly journals Walk-In Users and Their Access to Online Resources in Canadian Academic Libraries

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Pamela Carson ◽  
Krista Louise Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Academic Libraries ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Online Resources ◽  
Free Access ◽  
The Public ◽  
Association Of Research Libraries ◽  
Canadian Association ◽  
Site Access ◽  
User Access

In the past, a member of the public could access an academic library’s collection simply by visiting the library in person and browsing the shelves. However, now that online resources are prevalent and represent the majority of collections budgets and current collections, public access has become more complicated. In Canadian academic libraries, licences negotiated for online resources generally allow on-site access for walk-in users; however access is not granted uniformly across libraries. The goal of this study was to understand whether members of the public are indeed able to access online resources in major Canadian university libraries, whether access to supporting tools was offered, how access is provided, and whether access is monitored or promoted. The study used an online survey that targeted librarians responsible for user services at Canadian Association of Research Libraries (CARL) member libraries. The survey results indicated that some level of free access to digital resources was provided to walk-in users at 90% of libraries for which a survey response was received. However, limitations in methods and modes of access and availability of supporting resources, such as software and printing, varied between the institutions. The study also found that most libraries did not actively promote or monitor non-affiliated user access.  

scholarly journals Breastfeeding support at an Australian Breastfeeding Association drop-in service: a descriptive survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Burns ◽  
Louise Duursma ◽  
Zoi Triandafilidis
Keyword(s):  
Peer Support ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Support Service ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Practical Support ◽  
Qualitative Responses ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
Face Support

Abstract BackgroundIn Australia, during the early establishment phase of breastfeeding, women can access telephone peer support counselling provided by the Australian Breastfeeding Association (ABA) however options for face-to-face peer support are limited. The known factors which improve ongoing and exclusive breastfeeding include face-to-face support, peer and/or professional support, and trained personnel. This study aimed to examine women’s experiences of accessing one breastfeeding drop-in peer support service provided by trained peer support volunteer counsellors from the ABA.MethodsWomen who accessed the service were invited, in 2014, to participate in an anonymous online survey which collected both quantitative and qualitative data. Participants were asked about their experiences of breastfeeding support, as well as their experiences of the drop-in service. In total, 53 women completed the online survey, and subsequent analysis generated descriptive statistics and qualitative themes.ResultsResponses to the survey revealed that women attended the drop-in service with infants ranging in age from less than 1 week through to 12 months of age. Most women reported attending with infants aged 0-8 weeks of age (72%). The predominant presenting problems identified were sore/damaged nipples, difficulties with infant latching to the breast, or concerns about using nipple shields. Analysis of the open text qualitative responses revealed one overarching theme ‘Support to continue breastfeeding’ and four subthemes: ‘feeling listened to and not judged’; ‘emotional support and confidence building’; ‘the importance of face-to-face, practical support'; and ‘the need for ongoing, free access’.DiscussionIn this study many women were seeking support for ongoing breastfeeding difficulties. Health professionals who had limited breastfeeding knowledge and skills were identified as most unhelpful in providing support with ongoing breastfeeding difficulties. Women valued having access to trained peer counsellors, who had the capacity to provide non-judgemental, face-to-face support; who could sit through a feed; in a space that was ‘safe’; and who could enhance a woman’s confidence with breastfeeding over the course of her full breastfeeding journey. ConclusionReactive peer support, provided in response to need, at an Australian Breastfeeding Association drop-in service, was described by participants as pivotal to enabling their ongoing breastfeeding.Key words: Breastfeeding, Lactation, Peer support, Peer counsellor, Thematic analysis, Reactive support, Drop-in

A REAL-TIME INTEGRATIVE LIGHTING SYSTEM FRAMEWORK BASED ON MACHINE LEARNING

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Durmus
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Evolutionary Algorithms ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Smart Lighting ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
Human Factors Research

Smart lighting systems are based on sensors and tunable lighting systems are increasingly more prevalent, but collecting, analysing, and using the large data generated by these sensors are challenging. Inspired by research on evolutionary algorithms, it can be hypothesized that an adaptive lighting system can operate in real-time by adjusting its output through a decision-making algorithm based on data mining techniques. Such an adaptive lighting system requires two-order input from users; initial and continual. Initial conditions provide training to the system through human factors research investigating the interaction between humans and their environment. Continual conditions are provided by data collected through sensors in real-time, and they continuously feed into the decision-making algorithm to adjust the output to meet occupants’ biological and psychological needs. Research indicates that artificial intelligence techniques, such as evolutionary algorithms, can emerge as good candidates for this framework.

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