scholarly journals The Role of Nanotechnology in the Fortification of Plant Nutrients and Improvement of Crop Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Elemike ◽  
Ifeyinwa Uzoh ◽  
Damian Onwudiwe ◽  
Olubukola Babalola
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Environmental Effect ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Plant Nutrients ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Food Content ◽  
Dietary Diversification

Nutrient deficiency in food crops is seriously affecting human health, especially those in the rural areas, and nanotechnology may become the most sustainable approach to alleviating this challenge. There are several ways of fortifying the nutrients in food such as dietary diversification, use of drugs and industrial fortification. However, the affordability and sustainability of these methods have not been completely achieved. Plants absorb nutrients from fertilizers, but most conventional fertilizers have low nutrient use and uptake efficiency. Nanofertilizers are, therefore, engineered to be target oriented and not easily lost. This review surveys the effects of the addition of macro- and nanonutrients to soil, the interaction, and the absorption capability of the plants, the environmental effect and food content of the nutrients. Most reports were obtained from recent works, and they show that plants nutrients could be enriched by applying nanoparticulate nutrients, which are easily absorbed by the plant. Although there are some toxicity issues associated with the use of nanoparticles in crop, biologically synthesized nanoparticles may be preferred for agricultural purposes. This would circumvent the concerns associated with toxicity, in addition to being pollution free. This report, therefore, offers more understanding on the application of nanotechnology in biofortification of plant nutrients and the future possibilities offered by this practice. It also highlights some of the ills associated with the introduction of nanomaterials into the soil for crop’s improvement.

scholarly journals Agriculture of the Irkutsk Region: Hard Experience in the Industrial Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-361
Author(s):  
Grigorii Tsykunov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Material Base ◽  
State Farm ◽  
Irkutsk Region

The article deals with historical and modern problems of agricultural development in the Irkutsk region in the context of industrial development of the region. Structural changes in the agricultural sector, the ratio of crop production and animal husbandry in the production of agricultural products are traced. The study found that within the framework of large-scale programs for the development of the productive forces of the Irkutsk region, the main attention was paid to industrial development, and agriculture was assigned the role of a secondary industry. This was manifested in the residual principle of financing the agricultural sector, its material base and the development of the social sphere in rural areas. Rural youth were involved in the construction and operation of production facilities, which led to a reduction of the population in the nearby villages and villages of the region. Special attention is paid to the problems of modern agriculture in the conditions of market transformations in the industry. On the basis of statistical material, the characteristics of the main categories of farms are given: agricultural organizations, farms and households. The analysis shows the leading role of private households in the total volume of agricultural production. At the same time, there is still an insignificant share of farms in the goods produced. The demographic consequences of the destruction of the state-farm-collective-farm system, manifested in a reduction in the number of villagers and a large shortage of agricultural workers, are particularly noted.

scholarly journals STRATEGI OPTIMALISASI KOMODITAS UNGGULAN TANAMAN PANGAN DI PROPINSI BENGKULU (Menurut Persepsi Masyarakat)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Trisna Yanti
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Guarantee Price

Rina Trisna Yanti: The purpose of this study was to determine the main commodity crops most optimal developed in Bengkulu and determine strategies for improving crop production according to public perception in the province of Bengkulu. This research is a descriptive study, using data from the productivity of each food crops in the province of Bengkulu (rice, maize, cassava, sweet potatoes, peanuts, soybeans), and crop productivity of its kind in the Province around (South Sumatra Lampung, West Sumatra, Jambi) as well as national food crop productivity in 2011 - 2015. the primary data obtained through a questionnaire distributed to 30 respondents and processed through LQ analysis techniques.These results indicate that the main commodity crops in Bengkulu food crops of rice and sweet potatoes. Optimization strategy leading commodity food crops of rice in Bengkulu can be done in a way to use the land in accordance with the potential (extension) and pemanfaan idle land by farmers, while the role of government in providing relief seeds, guarantee price certainty, provide counseling and training to farmers through PPL. While commodity optimization strategies featured sweet potato crop in Bengkulu done by improving the production (intensification) and increased intensity of cultivation as for the role of government in a way to guarantee price certainty.Keyword: Holticulture, Strategy Optimalization, Komodity Superrior.

scholarly journals Migration and mobility in a rapidly changing small town in northeastern Ethiopia

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 345-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Baker
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Amhara Region ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
Urban Employment ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Marketing Service ◽  
The Town ◽  
Empirical Material

This paper presents empirical material collected in the zonal capital town of kemise (population around 34,000) and three surrounding rural areas (peasant associations) in northeastern ethiopia. The study area is located in the oromiya zone of the large amhara region. The paper attempts to show how rural areas and the town of kemise are economically interdependent and demonstrates the role of migration and mobility in influencing and shaping the rural and urban economies. The town fulfils, inter alia, important administrative, marketing, service and retailing functions. The most successful rural households appear to be those that use non-farm and off-farm opportunities and assets (for example, trade opportunities and/or urban employment) to diversify income sources and thereby avoid the uncertainties of relying solely on crop production for household security. As a backdrop to the whole discussion, the issue of widespread rural landlessness in the study area is investigated.

scholarly journals Potential of community based organizations in irrigation channels to enhance crop production

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faheemullah Khan ◽  
Himayatullah Khan ◽  
Muhammad T. A. Shah ◽  
Nimra Khan ◽  
Absar Ul Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
Community Based Organizations ◽  
Irrigation Channels ◽  
Water Courses

This research study was carried out to identify the role of community-based organizations in irrigation channels to enhance crop yield in rural areas of district Mansehra Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. Data were collected from 200 respondents selected randomly and analyzed through SPSS. Findings concluded that more than half (53%) of the sampled respondents perceived that CBOs played an important role in development of irrigation channels and in result the crop yield was increased in the study area. Regarding performance of CBOs, OFWM contributed more in the improvement of water courses. CBOs work was appreciated by the respondents as it positively affected the farming activities in the study area and made the irrigation system more convenient. The CBOs had some of the shortcoming such as absence of regular activities, meeting and rewards for members. There was personal biasness in the selection criteria of the membership. It was recommended that there should be regular organizational activities, duties and some kind of rewards for the member to keep their attention in the CBOs activities. The maintenance charges should be on the basis of financial status of the farmers. The need is to improve the remaining water courses for the boosting of agriculture in the study area.

A Study Of Expansion Of The Fmcg Market Across Rural Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (8) ◽  
pp. 142-151
Author(s):  
Dr. Udayagiri Raghunath ◽  
Dr. V.Venkateswara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Customer Choice ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Rural Markets ◽  
Urban Markets ◽  
Tv Media ◽  
Rural Clients ◽  
Tv Watching

The corporate companies dealing with FMCG products have started focusing on rural markets as the urban markets have become saturated and highly competitive. Capturing the rural markets brings forth a whole new set of challenges as it is laborious to break in. This market presents the companies with gamut challenges on a new dimension which demand entirely different strategies as compared to the ones used in urban areas. Studying the rural markets for rural markets has become crucial more than ever. It is an objective learning, psychiatry of dispersion, impact of the FMCG in rural areas. This research uses diverse utensils, procedure toward analyze composed records. Several of the features used in analyzing the data are the consumer characteristics like educational qualifications, professions they are in, and the income levels. The role of TV media advertising is also analyzed. Many deals and promotions advertised on TV are investigated. The scope of authority wield by publicity happening customer choice production has looked into. The different levels of media exposure and preferable TV watching times and their favorite programs considered while analyzing the data. The spending prototype of rural clients on FMCG is examined and further categorized based on their income levels, educational qualifications, and legal awareness of consumer act. All the analyzed data, results, and suggestions presented in the visual formats.

RURAL TOURISM IN INDIA CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Sharma ◽  
Ravi Parkash
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Rural Location ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Political Background ◽  
The Government

The paper analyze the role of rural tourism for the development of rural areas, The study analyzed how the different types of tourist product diversifications influence the development possibilities of studied rural areas in India. The government should sponsor private Sector to promote tourism in rural areas. For upgrading the rural tourism government requires to understand the rural location, demography, socio-culture, financial and political background of that area. How we can involve the rural citizens to improve their socio-economic condition. The objective of this paper is to present an update on rural tourism expansion and development in India. Rural tourism is rising in terms of number of visitors and the government of India should focus on it as an engine of growth

UNDER-GRADUATE STUDENTS AND THE ROLE OF E- LIBRARIES TO UPLIFT THE QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharambeer Singh
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Multiple Access ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Quality Of Higher Education ◽  
Brick And Mortar ◽  
Education Status

Digital libraries, designed to serve people and their information needs in the same way as traditional libraries, present distinct advantages over brick and mortar facilities: elimination of physical boundaries, round-the-clock access to information, multiple access points, networking abilities, and extended search functions. As a result, they should be especially well-suited for the disables. However, minorities, those affected by lower income and education status, persons living in rural areas, the physically challanged, and developing countries as a whole consistently suffer from a lack of accessibility to digital libraries. This paper evaluates the effectiveness and relevance of digital libraries currently in place and discusses what could and should be done to improve accessibility to digital libraries for under-graduate students.

scholarly journals Ecological Connectivity in Agricultural Green Infrastructure:  Suggested Criteria for Fine Scale Assessment and Planning

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 807
Author(s):  
Simone Valeri ◽  
Laura Zavattero ◽  
Giulia Capotorti
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Landscape Heterogeneity ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Spatial Pattern Analysis ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Unique Type

In promoting biodiversity conservation and ecosystem service capacity, landscape connectivity is considered a critical feature to counteract the negative effects of fragmentation. Under a Green Infrastructure (GI) perspective, this is especially true in rural and peri-urban areas where a high degree of connectivity may be associated with the enhancement of agriculture multifunctionality and sustainability. With respect to GI planning and connectivity assessment, the role of dispersal traits of tree species is gaining increasing attention. However, little evidence is available on how to select plant species to be primarily favored, as well as on the role of landscape heterogeneity and habitat quality in driving the dispersal success. The present work is aimed at suggesting a methodological approach for addressing these knowledge gaps, at fine scales and for peri-urban agricultural landscapes, by means of a case study in the Metropolitan City of Rome. The study area was stratified into Environmental Units, each supporting a unique type of Potential Natural Vegetation (PNV), and a multi-step procedure was designed for setting priorities aimed at enhancing connectivity. First, GI components were defined based on the selection of the target species to be supported, on a fine scale land cover mapping and on the assessment of land cover type naturalness. Second, the study area was characterized by a Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) and connectivity was assessed by Number of Components (NC) and functional connectivity metrics. Third, conservation and restoration measures have been prioritized and statistically validated. Notwithstanding the recognized limits, the approach proved to be functional in the considered context and at the adopted level of detail. Therefore, it could give useful methodological hints for the requalification of transitional urban–rural areas and for the achievement of related sustainable development goals in metropolitan regions.

Do the Heterogeneous Determinants of Repayment Affect Differently across Borrowers of Diverse Credit Sources in Rural Assam? A Double Hurdle Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 245513332110316
Author(s):  
Tiken Das ◽  
Pradyut Guha ◽  
Diganta Das
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Brahmaputra Valley ◽  
Double Hurdle ◽  
Instrumental Variable Probit ◽  
Instrumental Variable Probit Model

This study made an attempt to answer the question: Do the heterogeneous determinants of repayment affect the borrowers of diverse credit sources differently? The study is based on data collected from 240 households from three districts in the lower Brahmaputra valley of Assam through a carefully designed primary survey. Besides, the study uses the double hurdle approach and the instrumental variable probit model to reduce possible selection bias. It observes better repayment performance among formal borrowers, followed by semiformal borrowers, while occupation wise it is prominent among organised employees. It has been found that in general, the household characteristics, loan characteristics and location-specific characteristics significantly affect repayment performance of borrowers. However, the nature of impact of the factors influencing repayment performance is remarkably different across credit sources. It ignores the role of traditional community-based organisations in rural Assam while analysing the determinants of repayment performance. The study also recommends for ensuring productive opportunities and efficient market linkages in rural areas of Assam. The study is based on an original data set that has specially been collected to examine question that—do the heterogeneous determinants of repayment affect the borrowers of diverse credit sources differently in the lower Brahmaputra valley of Assam—which has not been studied before.

scholarly journals Crop Response to Leaf and Seed Applications of the Biostimulant ComCat® under Stress Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1161
Author(s):  
Roland Gerhards ◽  
Fructueuse N. Ouidoh ◽  
André Adjogboto ◽  
Vodéa Armand Pascal Avohou ◽  
Berteulot Latus Sètondji Dossounon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Block Designs ◽  
Crop Response ◽  
Yield Data

Although clear evidence for benefits in crop production is partly missing, several natural compounds and microorganisms have been introduced to the market as biostimulants. They are supposed to enhance nutrient efficiency and availability in the rhizosphere, reduce abiotic stress, and improve crop quality parameters. Biostimulants often derive from natural compounds, such as microorganisms, algae, and plant extracts. In this study, the commercial plant extract-based biostimulant ComCat® was tested in two field experiments with maize in the communities of Banikoara and Matéri in Northern Benin and six pot experiments (four with maize and two with winter barley) at the University of Hohenheim in Germany. Maize was grown under nutrient deficiency, drought, and weed competition, and winter barley was stressed by the herbicide Luximo (cinmethylin). ComCat® was applied at half, full, and double the recommended field rate (50, 100, and 200 g ha−1) on the stressed and unstressed control plants as leaf or seed treatment. The experiments were conducted in randomized complete block designs with four replications. The above-ground biomass and yield data of one experiment in Benin were collected. The biostimulant did not promote maize and winter barley biomass production of the unstressed plants. When exposed to stress, ComCat@ resulted only in one out of eight experiments in higher barley biomass compared to the stressed treatment without ComCat® application. There was a reduced phytotoxic effect of cinmethylin after seed treatment with ComCat®. Crop response to ComCat® was independent of the application rate. Basic and applied studies are needed to investigate the response of crops to biostimulants and their mechanisms of action in the plants before they should be used in practical farming.

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