scholarly journals Seismic and Structural Analyses of the Eastern Anatolian Region (Turkey) Using Different Probabilities of Exceedance

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Ercan Işık ◽  
Ehsan Harirchian ◽  
Aydın Büyüksaraç ◽  
Yunus Levent Ekinci
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Seismic Moment ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Earthquake Risk ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Earthquake Parameters ◽  
Seismic Design Code

Seismic hazard analysis of the earthquake-prone Eastern Anatolian Region (Turkey) has become more important due to its growing strategic importance as a global energy corridor. Most of the cities in that region have experienced the loss of life and property due to significant earthquakes. Thus, in this study, we attempted to estimate the seismic hazard in that region. Seismic moment variations were obtained using different types of earthquake magnitudes such as Mw, Ms, and Mb. The earthquake parameters were also determined for all provincial centers using the earthquake ground motion levels with some probabilities of exceedance. The spectral acceleration coefficients were compared based on the current and previous seismic design codes of the country. Additionally, structural analyses were performed using different earthquake ground motion levels for the Bingöl province, which has the highest peak ground acceleration values for a sample reinforced concrete building. The highest seismic moment variations were found between the Van and Hakkari provinces. The findings also showed that the peak ground acceleration values varied between 0.2–0.7 g for earthquakes, with a repetition period of 475 years. A comparison of the probabilistic seismic hazard curves of the Bingöl province with the well-known attenuation relationships showed that the current seismic design code indicates a higher earthquake risk than most of the others.

scholarly journals Seismic Hazard Assessment for the Tianshui Urban Area, Gansu Province, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenming Wang ◽  
David T. Butler ◽  
Edward W. Woolery ◽  
Lanmin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Peak Ground Velocity ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Acceleration Time Histories

A scenario seismic hazard analysis was performed for the city of Tianshui. The scenario hazard analysis utilized the best available geologic and seismological information as well as composite source model (i.e., ground motion simulation) to derive ground motion hazards in terms of acceleration time histories, peak values (e.g., peak ground acceleration and peak ground velocity), and response spectra. This study confirms that Tianshui is facing significant seismic hazard, and certain mitigation measures, such as better seismic design for buildings and other structures, should be developed and implemented. This study shows that PGA of 0.3 g (equivalent to Chinese intensity VIII) should be considered for seismic design of general building and PGA of 0.4 g (equivalent to Chinese intensity IX) for seismic design of critical facility in Tianshui.

Seismic Hazard Analysis for an NPP Site

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Ghosh ◽  
H. S. Kushwaha
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Seismic Fragility ◽  
Material Strength ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Hazard Response

The various uncertainties and randomness associated with the occurrence of earthquakes and the consequences of their effects on the NPP components and structures call for a probabilistic seismic risk assessment (PSRA). However, traditionally, the seismic design basis ground motion has been specified by normalised response spectral shapes and peak ground acceleration (PGA). The mean recurrence interval (MRI) used to be computed for PGA only. The present work develops uniform hazard response spectra i.e. spectra having the same MRI at all frequencies for Kakrapar Atomic Power Station site. Sensitivity of the results to the changes in various parameters has also been presented. These results determine the seismic hazard at the given site and the associated uncertainties. The paper also presents some results of the seismic fragility for an existing containment structure. The various parameters that could affect the seismic structural response include material strength of concrete, structural damping available within the structure and the normalized ground motion response spectral shape. Based on this limited case study the seismic fragility of the structure is developed. The results are presented as families of conditional probability curves plotted against the peak ground acceleration (PGA). The procedure adopted incorporates the various randomness and uncertainty associated with the parameters under consideration.

scholarly journals Seismic hazard assessment and local site effect evaluation in Hanoi, Vietnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4B) ◽  
pp. 82-95
Author(s):  
Nguyen Anh Duong ◽  
Pham Dinh Nguyen ◽  
Vu Minh Tuan ◽  
Bui Van Duan ◽  
Nguyen Thuy Linh
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Site Effect ◽  
Local Site Effect ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Local Site

In this study, we have carried out the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis in Hanoi based on the latest seismotectonic data. The seismic hazard map shows peak ground acceleration values on rock corresponding to the 10% probability of exceedance in a 50-year time period (approximately return periods of 500 years). The calculated results reveal that the maximum ground acceleration can occur on rock in Hanoi is about 0.13 g corresponding to the shaking intensity level of VIII on the MSK-64 scale. The ground motion values calculated on rock vary according to the local site conditions. We have evaluated and corrected the local site effects on ground motion in Ha Dong district, Hanoi by using microtremor and borehole data. The Nakamura’s H/V spectral ratio method has been applied to establish a map of ground dominant periods in Ha Dong with a TS range of 0.6 - 1.2 seconds. The relatively high values of periods indicate that Ha Dong has soft soil and thick Quaternary sediments. The sediment thickness in Ha Dong is calculated to vary between 30 - 75 m based on ground dominant periods and shear wave velocity VS30 = 171 - 254 m/s. The results of local site effect on ground motion show that the 500-year return period peak ground acceleration in Ha Dong ranges from 0.13 g to 0.17 g. It is once again asserted that the seismic hazard in Hanoi is a matter of great concern, due not only to the relatively high ground acceleration, but also to the seismic characteristics of soil (low shear wave velocity, ground dominant period of approximately 1 second).

Attenuation of earthquake ground motion in Japan including deep focus events

1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 1343-1358
Author(s):  
Gilbert L. Molas ◽  
Fumio Yamazaki
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Peak Ground Velocity ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Attenuation Relations ◽  
Distance Dependence ◽  
Recording Station ◽  
Deep Focus

Abstract New attenuation equations for peak ground acceleration and velocity for Japan are developed. The equations are derived using extensive data recorded by the new JMA-87-type accelerometers, which do not require instrumental corrections that the older SMAC-type accelerometers do. Earthquakes with depths up to 200 km are used to make the equation applicable to subduction zone regions, which are common in Japan. Effects of depth and local site on the attenuation are considered simultaneously with the distance dependence and magnitude dependence using a two-stage regression procedure to separate the magnitude dependence from the distance dependence. Since the resulting normal equations become singular, an iterative partial regression algorithm is proposed. It is found that for the same magnitude and distance, peak ground motion increases as depth increases. The variation of the station coefficients with respect to the corresponding soil-type classification is quite wide. The station coefficients for the peak ground acceleration are found to be weakly correlated with the general soil classification, while a stronger correlation was found for the peak ground velocity. The resulting attenuation relations are given by log10PGA=0.206+0.477MJ−log10r−0.00144r−0.00144r+0.00311h+cia,log10PGV=−1.769+0.628MJ−log10r−0.00130r−0.00144r+0.00222h+civ, where PGA (cm/sec2) and PGV (cm/sec) are the larger of the peak accelerations and velocities from two horizontal components, MJ is the JMA magnitude, r is the closest distance to the fault rupture, h is the depth, and ci is the station coefficient of the recording station. The mean of the coefficients of the JMA stations is given by ci = 0.

Statistical properties of peak ground acceleration and their effect on results of probabilistic seismic hazard analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasily Pavlenko
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Extreme Value Distribution ◽  
Statistical Properties ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Seismic Hazard Curve

<p>The problem is considered of unrealistic ground motion estimates, which arise when the Cornell–McGuire method is used to estimate the seismic hazard for extremely low annual probabilities of exceedance. This problem stems from using the normal distribution in the modelling of the variability of the logarithm of ground motion parameters. In this study, the statistical properties of the logarithm of peak ground acceleration (PGA) are analysed by using the database of the strong-motion seismograph networks of Japan. The normal distribution and the generalised extreme value distribution (GEVD) models were considered in the analysis, with the preferred model being selected based on statistical criteria. The results indicate that the GEVD was a more appropriate model in eleven out of twelve instances. The estimates of the shape parameter of the GEVD were negative in every instance, indicating the presence of a finite upper bound of PGA. Therefore, the GEVD provides a model that is more realistic for the scatter of the logarithm of PGA, and the application of this model leads to a bounded seismic hazard curve.</p>

Effect of Ridge Topography on Earthquake Ground Motion

2012 ◽  
Vol 594-597 ◽  
pp. 1696-1701
Author(s):  
Guo Dong Xu ◽  
Zheng Hua Zhou ◽  
Jing Shan Bo ◽  
Wei Hua Fang
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Topographic Effect ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Seismic Ground Motion ◽  
Remarkable Effect ◽  
Motion Amplitude

The ridge topography can substantially influence seismic ground motion and, in general, causes the amplification of seismic ground motion amplitude at ridges. Fortunately, sets of three-component accelerogram, obtained by the observation arrays for topographic effect at Zigong Xishan, Jiangyou Doutuan and Qingchuan Sanguo from the great Wenchuan earthquake and its aftershocks, provided basic data for analyzing the effect of ridge topography on seismic ground motion. On the base of these acceleration records, peak ground acceleration and response spectrum ratios are calculated, and examined and compared in order to grasp the effect of ridge topography on ground motion. The findings showed that ridge topography has the remarkable effect on seismic ground motion, in which the amplification characteristics varies depending on the shape of ridge topography, and the amplification effect of the horizontal directions are not similar to the vertical direction, and in some periods are even less than 1.0.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF SUBSURFACE STRUCTURE BASED ON MICROTREMOR, BORE HOLE OBSERVATIONS AND STOCHASTIC STRONG GROUND MOTION SIMULATIONS IN PALU CITY, CENTRAL SULAWESI, INDONESIA: A VALIDATION AND SENSITIVITY STUDY ON THE 23 JANUARY 2005 (PALU) EARTHQUAKE

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pyi Soe Thein ◽  
Subagyo Pramumijoyo ◽  
Wahyu Wilopo ◽  
Agung Setianto ◽  
Kirbani Sri Brotopuspito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Strong Ground Motion ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Subsurface Structure ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Central Sulawesi ◽  
Strong Ground

In this study, we investigated the subsurface structure and strong ground motion parameters for Palu City. One of the major structures in Central Sulawesi is the Palu-Koro Fault system. Several powerful earthquakes have struck along the Palu-Koro Fault during recent years, one of the largest of which was an M 6.3 event that occurred on January 23, 2005 and caused several casualties. Following the event, we conducted a microtremor survey to estimate the shaking intensity distribution during the earthquake. From this survey we produced a map of the peak ground acceleration, velocity and ground shear strain in Palu City. We performed single observations of microtremors at 151 sites in Palu City. The results enabled us to estimate the site-dependent shaking characteristics of earthquake ground motion. We also conducted 8-site microtremor array investigation to gain a representative determination of the soil condition of subsurface structures in Palu. From the dispersion curve of array observations, the central business district of Palu corresponds to relatively soil condition with Vs ≤ 300 m/s, the predominant periods due to horizontal vertical ratios (HVSRs) are in the range of 0.4 to 1.8 s and the resonant frequency are in the range of 0.7 to 3.3 Hz. Three boreholes were throughout the basin especially in Palu area to evaluate the geotechnical properties of subsurface soil layers. The depths are varying from 1 m to 30 m. Strong ground motions of the Palu area were predicted based on the empirical stochastic green’s function method. Peak ground acceleration and peak ground velocity becomes more than 0.04 g and 30 kine in some areas, which causes severe damage for buildings in high probability. Keywords: Palu-Koro fault, microtremor, bore holes, peak ground acceleration and velocity.

Development of Maximum Considered Earthquake Ground Motion Maps

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar V. Leyendecker ◽  
R. Joe Hunt ◽  
Arthur D. Frankel ◽  
Kenneth S. Rukstales
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Peak Ground Velocity ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Seismic Safety ◽  
Design Procedures ◽  
Seismic Rehabilitation

The 1997 NEHRP Recommended Provisions for Seismic Regulations for New Buildings use a design procedure that is based on spectral response acceleration rather than the traditional peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, or zone factors. The spectral response accelerations are obtained from maps prepared following the recommendations of the Building Seismic Safety Council's (BSSC) Seismic Design Procedures Group (SDPG). The SDPG-recommended maps, the Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE) Ground Motion Maps, are based on the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) probabilistic hazard maps with additional modifications incorporating deterministic ground motions in selected areas and the application of engineering judgement. The MCE ground motion maps included with the 1997 NEHRP Provisions also serve as the basis for the ground motion maps used in the seismic design portions of the 2000 International Building Code and the 2000 International Residential Code. Additionally the design maps prepared for the 1997 NEHRP Provisions, combined with selected USGS probabilistic maps, are used with the 1997 NEHRP Guidelines for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings.

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