scholarly journals Confronting Lexical Choice and Error Distribution in Written French: New Insights into the Linguistic Insecurity of Students with Dyslexia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 922
Author(s):  
Audrey Mazur-Palandre ◽  
Matthieu Quignard ◽  
Agnès Witko
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Error Distribution ◽  
Expository Texts ◽  
Length Frequency ◽  
Lexical Choice ◽  
Written Production ◽  
Written Texts ◽  
Monosyllabic Words ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
And Control

The main goal of this paper is to analyze written texts produced by monolingual French university students, with and without dyslexia. More specifically, we were interested in the linguistic characteristics of the words used during a written production and of the type of word errors. Previous studies showed that students with dyslexia have difficulties in written production, whether in terms of the number of spelling errors, some syntactic aspects, identification of errors, confusion of monosyllabic words, omissions of words in sentences, or utilization of unexpected or inappropriate vocabulary. For this present study, students with dyslexia and control students were asked to produce written and spoken narrative and expository texts. The written texts (N = 86) were collected using Eye and Pen© software with digitizing tablets. Results reveal that students with dyslexia do not censor themselves as regards the choice of words in their written productions. They use the same types of words as the control students. Nevertheless, they make many more errors than the control students on all types of words, regardless of their linguistic characteristics (length, frequency, grammatical classes, etc.). Finally, these quantitative analyses help to target a rather unexpected subset of errors: short words, and in particular determiners and prepositions.

The effect of patience training on university students’ patience and life satisfaction levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 712-719
Author(s):  
Ayşe Eliüşük Bülbül ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
University Students ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the "patience training program" on the patience and life satisfaction levels of university students. The study was organized as a pre-test, post-test experiment and control group design. For a total of 30 students from which were 17 in the control group and 17 in the experimental group, patience training was given for 5 weeks. The "Patient Scale" developed by Schnitker (2010) and adapted to Turkish by Eliüşük and Arslan (2016) and the "Life Satisfaction Scale" developed by Diener, Emmons, Larsen and Griffin (1985) and adapted to Turkish by Dağlı and Baysal (2016) were used as a data collection tool in the study. The "Wilcoxon" test was used for the comparison of in-group differences in the analysis of obtained data and the "Mann-Whitney U" test was used in examining the differences between the two groups. As a result of the study, it was observed that the patience and life satisfaction average scores of students in the experimental group receiving "patience training" increased significantly, while there was no significant difference in the patience and life satisfaction averages scores of the control group students.

The role of text type and strategy use in L2 lexical inferencing

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-252
Author(s):  
Ming-yueh Shen
Keyword(s):  
Strategy Use ◽  
Text Structure ◽  
Expository Texts ◽  
First Year ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Text Type ◽  
Lexical Inferencing ◽  
Text Types ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

Abstract This study aimed to determine as to whether or not the text type and strategy usage affect the EFL learners’ lexical inferencing performance. The participants were comprised of 87 first-year English majors at a technical university. Data were collected from (1) a lexical inferencing test with excerpts of narrative and expository texts, for which both multiple-choice and definition tasks were designed, respectively, and then (2) the responses from the learners’ self-reported strategy usage. The quantitative analyses demonstrated that the text types significantly affected the EFL learners’ lexical inferencing performance, in which the EFL learners performed better for the narrative excerpt than for the expository texts. However, significant coefficients between the strategy use and the lexical inferencing performance were not found in this study. The results further implied that the text structure and the lexical inferencing strategies should be explicitly taught to the EFL learners.

scholarly journals Introduction: Just Say No? New Insights About Change Versus Constancy in Substance Use Behavioral Decisions in Youth With and Without ADHD

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (9_suppl) ◽  
pp. 3S-9S
Author(s):  
Peter S. Jensen ◽  
Thomas Weisner ◽  
Stephen P. Hinshaw
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Youth And Young Adults ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
And Control

Despite enormous social-psychological and economic consequences of substance abuse in youth and young adults, too little is known about effective interventions among substance users, both with and without ADHD. This special issue reports on four linked investigations that employed a novel research strategy when the Multimodal Treatment Children with ADHD Study (MTA) participants were between ages 21.7 and 27.3 years old (14-16 years after initial assessments). Using combination of in-depth qualitative narrative interviews and quantitative analyses (“mixed methods”) of 183 participants from four to six original MTA sites, investigators sought to obtain a more complete understanding of factors contributing to youths’ substance use (SU) initiation, maintenance, and desistence, (both among youth with ADHD and control participants). The articles in this special issue illuminate important new insights about possible influences contributing to SU, particularly persistent use/abuse. Findings also illustrate the benefits of mixed-methods studies, not only to better understand the linkages between ADHD and SU, but also to understand other areas of child/adult psychopathology.

Use of adjectives in Catalan: A morphological characterization in different genres and modes of production through school-age development

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laia Cutillas ◽  
Liliana Tolchinsky
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Expository Texts ◽  
School Age ◽  
Narrative Texts ◽  
Written Narratives ◽  
Written Texts ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Mode Of Production ◽  
Sixth Form

Adjectives, like nouns and verbs, are one of the three major classes of lexical words. But, unlike nouns and verbs, they emerge late in acquisition. In Catalan, as in many other languages, their use is closely linked to the literate lexicon learned at school-age. Thus, the use of adjectives can be a good indicator of later language development. The goal of this study is twofold: to characterize the use of adjectives from age 9 to adulthood and to examine the effect of discourse genre (expository and narrative) and mode of production (spoken and written) on frequency of use and word-internal morphological structure. The study takes a corpus-based approach and uses the GRERLI-CAT1 corpus, which contains 316 expository and narrative spoken and written texts produced by 79 Spanish/Catalan bilinguals whose home language is Catalan, at four age and schooling levels: primary school (9- to 10-year-olds), secondary school (12- to 13-year-olds), sixth form (16- to 18-year-olds) and university (adults). Results show that the use of adjectives expands through school-age and especially from sixth form onwards, presenting an increasing pattern. An effect of genre and mode of production on the target features was also detected. Expository texts contain significantly more adjectives per text and clause and lower-frequency adjectives than narrative texts. Written texts contain significantly more adjectives, and lower-frequency and longer adjectives, than spoken texts. Age interacts with mode of production in the use and morphological complexity of adjectives. The four text types analysed (spoken expository, written expository, spoken narrative and written narrative) present a complexity cline, from written expository texts to spoken narratives through spoken expository texts and written narratives.

CONFORMITY AND INDEPENDENCE REVISITED

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Neto
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
American Culture ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Experimental Setting ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Original Procedure ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group Opinion

This study aimed at investigating whether conformity in the experimental setting suggested by Asch was particularly related to American culture and less likely to be replicable elsewhere - e. g. in Portugal - as has been suggested more recently. Thus, Asch's classic conformity and independence experiment was replicated, using women psychology students in a Portuguese university as minority of one, unanimous majority group, and control Ss. The original procedure was re-enacted as similarly as possible using a computer program. Among “critical” Ss 59% conformed at least once, 28% yielded three to twelve times. Among control Ss 27% erred at least once, 3.3% made more than three errors. These differences between critical and control Ss were significant. Thus, recent university students in Portugal showed that the degree of conformity to a unanimous peer-group opinion remains observable. They reported considerable distress under the group pressure.

scholarly journals Effects of cognitive cehavioral play therapy techniques on low self-esteem among students

Konselor ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Merikan Aren ◽  
Aruna Rauna Duamit
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Play Therapy ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Counselling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The University ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aims to determined the effects of Cognitive Behavioral Play Therapy (CBPT) techniques on low self-esteem among UNIMAS Students. More specifically, this study identified the effects of Cognitive Behavioral Play Therapy (CBPT) techniques in experimental group at pretest and posttest on low self-esteem among UNIMAS students and to identified the effects of Cognitive Behavioral Play Therapy (CBPT) techniques in control group at pretest and posttest on low self-esteem among UNIMAS students. A case study design is distributed questionnaire called as Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and counselling sessions. Purposive sampling is used to get the most suitable respondents for this study. The findings of this study have revealed there were significant difference at pretest and posttest among respondents in experimental group and control group which were respondents in experimental group increased their level of self-esteem, while there were respondents decreased their level of self-esteem in control group. Counselling sessions utilizing Cognitive Behavioral Play Therapy (CBPT) techniques have increased the level of self-esteem among UNIMAS students in experimental group who attended the group counselling sessions because they have low level of self-esteem. All the dialogues that been stated by the client in the counselling sessions about their self-esteem can be related to respondents’ personality, cognitive, behavior, emotions and actions. The findings of this study have implications towards University students and counsellor. As for the university students, they gained insight, understanding and knowledge the importance of having good level of self-esteem. For the counsellor, counsellor being helpful, trusted and skillful which after utilized the CBPT techniques, they gained new skills and knowledge on that particular therapy.

scholarly journals Forgiveness and Forgiveness Flexibility among University Students: An Experimental Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Ayca Delibalta ◽  
Ezgi Caglar ◽  
Sinem Evin Akbay
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
University Students ◽  
Group Counseling ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Parametric Methods ◽  
Counseling Program ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aimed to understand the effectiveness of Forgiveness Group Therapy on forgiveness and forgiveness flexibility levels among university students. 16 students who studied at Mersin University joined the study. Enright’s Process Model of Psychological Forgiveness Scale was utilized when the program is designed. The group counseling program was conducted in the presence of two psychological counselors and a supervisor. The Heartland Forgiveness Scale and Forgiveness Flexibility Scale were used to gather data. The main purpose of that program was forgive to others. To analyze the effectiveness of the Forgiveness Group Counseling Therapy on forgiveness and forgiveness flexibility, the experimental design was implied. Pre and post-test were implied to two groups which were experimental and control groups. The data which collected owing to scales was analyzed by using non-parametric methods in SPSS program. The results showed that forgiveness the others and forgiveness flexibility increased for the experimental group while forgiveness of self and forgiveness of the situation wasn’t.

scholarly journals Concord Error Analysis Committed By 200 Level English University Students in Northern Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isah Abdulmumini
Keyword(s):  
Error Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Written Production ◽  
English Students

This study seeks to investigate concord errors made by 200 level English students of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto (UDUS) and Federal University Gusau (FUGUS) in their written production of English with a view to finding solutions to them. The data were obtained from fifty semester examination answer booklets written by students during first semester 2017 examination. The data collected were analysed using EA approach developed by Corder (1974). The findings of the study reveal that the errors can be grouped into ten categories out of which concord errors are the most committed by the students under study. Based on these findings, it is suggested that the teachers of English and the students should strive in handling such errors because English students are models of other students from other disciplines after graduation.

scholarly journals Distance Learning on Formation of Technical Competencies of University Students (on the Example of Natural Sciences)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulnara K. Nauryzbayeva ◽  
◽  
Gita Revalde ◽  
Gulmira L. Gabdullina ◽  
Guldana T. Aldzhambekova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
University Students ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
First Year ◽  
High Satisfaction ◽  
Technical Competencies ◽  
Online Distance Learning ◽  
Online Distance ◽  
And Control

This paper presents our model of the organization and content of distance learning in physics for the formation of technical competencies of university students. An example of the organization of lectures on the topic "Electromagnetic induction" for students of the specialty "Power Engineering" is given. The organization of other forms of education is also given. The aim of the work is to develop technical competencies in students. A professionally oriented approach was used in teaching physics. The content of distance learning, presented through the electronic educational and methodological complex of the discipline, has been determined. The activities of teaching and learning of students are regulated, methods, forms and means of online distance learning are selected, at present, as methods of organizing activities, the result of educational activities reflects the quality of training in accordance with the successful teaching activities of students, as well as its diagnostics and control. The possibility of improving the quality of training in physics, increasing the levels of formation of technical competencies of future bachelors in the field of energy is shown on the example of distance learning in physics online, based on the use of professionally oriented training. The results of survey of the first year distance learning students showed quite high satisfaction, also for the students living in the rural regions in Kazаkhstan.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of the Inquiry and Brain Storming Strategies in Developing Achievement and Creative Thinking Skills in Arabic Language of University Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Ahmad Abdullah Asiri
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Achievement Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of using inquiry and brainstorming strategies in teaching Arabic language for developing achievement and creative thinking skills of the university students. To achieve the previous objective, a teaching manual was prepared using inquiry and brainstorming strategies. Achievement test was prepared including 20 items multiple chooses questions related to knowledge, application and reasoning levels. In addition, creative thinking skills test was prepared including 10 items related to Fluency, flexibility and originality skills. The validity and reliability of the instruments were measured. The sample was selected randomly; it consists of two groups, experimental group 43 and a control group 39. The study was based on semi-experimental design pre—post-test, where the experimental group was taught using inquiry and brainstorming strategies, but the control group was taught using the usual strategies. The results of the study showed that there were statistically significant differences between the average scores of the experimental and control groups in the post achievement and creative thinking skills in general and their skills separately for the students of the experimental group. Also, the results showed a positive correlation between the scores of the experimental group in post creative thinking skills, and post achievement test in general. The effectiveness of inquiry and brainstorming strategies in the development of achievement levels and creative thinking skills was significant effect. The study recommended using the Inquiry and brainstorming strategies in the teaching Arabic language of university students.

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