scholarly journals From Shunt to Recovery: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Hydrocephalus Treatment in Severe Acquired Brain Injury Rehabilitation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Giovanna B. Castellani ◽  
Giovanni Miccoli ◽  
Francesca C. Cava ◽  
Pamela Salucci ◽  
Valentina Colombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Surgical Complications ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Complication Risk ◽  
Severe Acquired Brain Injury

Background: Hydrocephalus among Severe Acquired Brain Injury (SABI) patients remains overlooked during rehabilitation. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out of traumatic and non-traumatic SABI patients with hydrocephalus, consecutively admitted over 9 years in a tertiary referral specialized rehabilitation hospital. Patients were treated with ventriculoperitoneal shunt before or during inpatient rehabilitation and assessed using the Level of Cognitive Functioning Scale and Disability Rating Scale. Logistic regression models were used to identify predictors of post-surgical complications. Linear regression models were used to investigate predictors of hospital length of stay (LOS), disability, and cognitive function. Results: Of the 82 patients, 15 had post-surgical complications and 16 underwent cranioplasty. Shunt placement complication risk was higher when fixed vs. when programmable pressure valves were used. A total of 56.3% achieved functional improvement at discharge and 88.7% improved in cognitive function; of the 82 patients, 56% were discharged home. In multiple regression analyses, higher disability at discharge was related to cranioplasty and longer LOS, while poorer cognitive function was associated with cranioplasty. Increase in LOS was associated with increasing time to shunt and decreasing age. Conclusions: A significant improvement in cognitive and functional outcomes can be achieved. Cranioplasty increased LOS, and fixed pressure valves were related to poorer outcomes.

Clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with severe acquired brain injury and a disorder of consciousness: an observational study

Brain Injury ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 520-529
Author(s):  
Antonio Caronni ◽  
Emanuele Liaci ◽  
Anna Bianchi ◽  
Alessandro Viganò ◽  
Francesco Marenco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Disorder Of Consciousness ◽  
Severe Acquired Brain Injury

scholarly journals Changes in Caregivers Lifestyle after Severe Acquired Brain Injury: A Preliminary Investigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D’Ippolito ◽  
M. Aloisi ◽  
E. Azicnuda ◽  
D. Silvestro ◽  
M. Giustini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Severe Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Additional Support

Introduction. Severe acquired brain injury (sABI) is considered the most common cause of death and disability worldwide. sABI patients are supported by their caregivers who often exhibit high rates of psychological distress, mood disorders, and changes in relationship dynamics and family roles.Objectives. To explore lifestyle changes of caregivers of sABI patients during the postacute rehabilitation, by investigating possible differences between primary and secondary caregivers. Primary caregivers spend most of the time with the patient, providing daily care and taking most responsibility for the day-to-day decisions, while secondary caregivers are those who provide additional support.Methods. Three hundred forty-seven caregivers of sABI patients were asked to fill in an unpublished self-report questionnaire to explore their possible lifestyles changes.Results. A statistically significant difference was found between primary and secondary caregivers in time spent in informal caregiving (p<0.001). The primary caregivers reduced all leisure activities compared to secondary carers (p<0.05).Conclusions. By comparing the percentage of leisure activities performed by caregiversbeforeandafterthe patient’s sABI onset, all caregivers showed high percentages of changes in lifestyle and habits, even though primary caregivers reported more negative lifestyle changes than secondary caregivers. Further studies are needed to investigate needs and burden experienced by caregivers of sABI patients during the postacute rehabilitation phase, also in relation to the patients’ outcome, to address support interventions for them and improve their quality of life.

scholarly journals Task-free spectral EEG dynamics track and predict patient recovery from severe acquired brain injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. van den Brink ◽  
S. Nieuwenhuis ◽  
G.J.M. van Boxtel ◽  
G. van Luijtelaar ◽  
H.J. Eilander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Acquired Brain Injury

scholarly journals Protocol for a scoping review study to identify and map treatments for dysphagia following moderate to severe acquired brain injury

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e029061
Author(s):  
Signe Janum Eskildsen ◽  
Daniela Jakobsen ◽  
Christian Gunge Riberholt ◽  
Ingrid Poulsen ◽  
Derek John Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Severe Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Dysphagia Treatment

IntroductionDysphagia is highly prevalent in patients with acquired brain injury (ABI) and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. However, dysphagia management varies greatly between units and internationally, and there is currently no consensus, standard intervention or treatment. A review mapping the existing literature on dysphagia treatment is needed. In this paper, the protocol for a scoping review to identify and map dysphagia treatment following ABI is outlined.ObjectiveThe objective of the scoping review is to systematically map the existing research literature to answer the research question:Which non-surgical, non-pharmacological interventions are used in the treatment of dysphagia in patients with moderate and severe acquired brain injury in the acute and subacute phase?Methods and analysisThe methodological framework for the study is based on methodology by Arksey and O’Malley and methodological advancement by Levacet al. We will search electronic databases in June 2019: MEDLINE (Ovid); Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library); EMBASE (Ovid); CINAHL (EBSCO); PsycINFO; Science Citation Index Expanded on Web of Science; OTseeker; Speechbite and PEDro. The search terms will be limited to patients with moderate to severe ABI and dysphagia. Four review authors will independently conduct an initial screening of title and abstract and subsequent full-text review of included studies. Data will be extracted and summarised in diagrammatic or tabular form (numerical summary), and a descriptive format (narrative summary). The strategy for data synthesis entails qualitative methods to categorise the interventions based on the treatment modality and subgroup diagnosis.Ethics and disseminationScoping the existing literature will provide a foundation for further evaluating and developing our dysphagia treatment and inform future studies assessing the effectiveness of treatments. The review is part of an ongoing expansive research into dysphagia. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations.

scholarly journals The effect of intensified nonverbal facilitation of swallowing on dysphagia after severe acquired brain injury: A randomised controlled pilot study

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Jakobsen ◽  
I. Poulsen ◽  
C. Schultheiss ◽  
C.G. Riberholt ◽  
D.J. Curtis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Randomised Controlled
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