scholarly journals Noli Me Tangere: Social Touch, Tactile Defensiveness, and Communication in Neurodevelopmental Disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Smirni ◽  
Pietro Smirni ◽  
Marco Carotenuto ◽  
Lucia Parisi ◽  
Giuseppe Quatrosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Sensory System ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Social Touch ◽  
Tactile Defensiveness ◽  
Communicative Development ◽  
The Social ◽  
Neurophysiological Studies ◽  
Tactile System

Tactile defensiveness is a common feature in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Since the first studies, tactile defensiveness has been described as the result of an abnormal response to sensory stimulation. Moreover, it has been studied how the tactile system is closely linked to socio-communicative development and how the interoceptive sensory system supports both a discriminating touch and an affective touch. Therefore, several neurophysiological studies have been conducted to investigate the neurobiological basis of the development and functioning of the tactile system for a better understanding of the tactile defensiveness behavior and the social touch of NDDs. Given the lack of recent literature on tactile defensiveness, the current study provides a brief overview of the original contributions on this research topic in children with NDDs focusing attention on how this behavior has been considered over the years in the clinical setting.

Язык прикосновений в свете последних открытий нейробиологии: интеграция семиотических, лингвистических, психологических и психофизиологических подходов

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Varlamov ◽  
Alexandra Gorbacheva ◽  
Anna Kravchenko ◽  
Mikhail Osadchiy
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
Sensory System ◽  
Multidisciplinary Research ◽  
Sole Purpose ◽  
Social Touch ◽  
Touch Gestures ◽  
Semiotic Model ◽  
Tactile System

[In Russian] Social touch interactions and touch communication have gained much attention due to the recent discovery of C-tactile system in human: a separate sensory system serving a sole purpose of affiliating people socially and emotionally by providing unconditional positive reinforcement to human gentle touch. The present article is a multidisciplinary research aimed to integrate current frameworks and models of touch communication and to establish a semiotic model and classification of touch gestures.

Rehabilitation of Post Stroke Sensory Dysfunction—A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 251660852098429
Author(s):  
Dorcas B. C. Gandhi ◽  
Ivy Anne Sebastian ◽  
Komal Bhanot
Keyword(s):  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Sensory Modality ◽  
Sensory System ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Sensory Dysfunction ◽  
Electronic Database Search ◽  
External Stimuli

Sensory dysfunction is one of the common impairments that occurs post stroke. With sensory changes in all modalities, it also affects the quality of life and incites suicidal thoughts. The article attempts to review and describe the current evidence of various approaches of assessment and rehabilitation for post-stroke sensory dysfunction. After extensive electronic database search across Medline, Embase, EBSCO, and Cochrane library, it generated 2433 results. After screening according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, we included 11 studies. We categorized data based on type of sensory deficits and prevalence, role of sensory system on motor behavior, type of intervention, sensory modality targeted, and dosage of intervention and outcome measures used for rehabilitation. Results found the strong evidence of involvement of primary and secondary motor areas involved in processing and responding to somatosensation, respectively. We divided rehabilitation approaches into sensory stimulation approach and sensory retraining approach focused on using external stimuli and relearning, respectively. However, with varied aims and targeted sensory involvement, the study applicability is affected. Thus, this emerges the need of extensive research in future for evidence-based practice of assessments and rehabilitation on post-stroke sensory rehabilitation.

The Social Place of a German Renaissance Artist: Hans Baldung Grien (1484/85–1545) at Strasbourg

1975 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Brady
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Professional Association ◽  
Guild Structure ◽  
Hierarchical Order ◽  
Social Prestige ◽  
The Social ◽  
Renaissance Italy ◽  
Late Fifteenth ◽  
Renaissance Artist

In Jakob Burckhardt's classic vision of the emergence of a new, individualistic consciousness in Renaissance Italy, the artist took his place behind the tyrant as one of the early escapees from the crumbling prisons of medieval corporate institutions. Although the picture of his progress from craftsman to free professional is more nuanced and qualified in the recent literature, the Italian artist continues to enjoy his reputation as one of the few permanent beneficiaries of the Renaissance. As the Wittkowers have written: “But the new day came when artists began to revolt against the hierarchical order of which they were an integral part—a day when they regarded the organization meant to protect their interests as prison rather than shelter.”1 At Florence, where artists first achieved a new self-consciousness as theorists and men of letters, private patronage supplied the wealth for a new level of status, higher than that of the craftsman, and weakened the ties of guild life. Not that Florentine artists of the late fifteenth and sixteenth centuries invariably became either successful businessmen or bohemians—though both types could be found there and elsewhere in Italy—nor did they revolt against corporate institutions altogether. But their new organization, the Accademia del Disegno, resembled the old guild structure only superficially and was, as its name suggests, a professional association uniting the artistic crafts rather than a type of guild.2 If the sixteenth century Italian artist lacked the social prestige of the lawyer, the notary, or the physician, neither was he any longer lumped together with the cobbler, the stonemason, or the apothecary.

Sensing the Social

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-85
Author(s):  
Gopal Guru ◽  
Sundar Sarukkai
Keyword(s):  
Social Touch ◽  
The Social ◽  
Abstract Term ◽  
As If

Social is not an abstract term. It is one that is experienced through sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch. People talk about the social as if it is something that they can experience. How can we make sense of this character of the social? In what sense could the social be real in such a way that it can be experienced? This chapter discusses many examples of how the social is accessed through these senses and how they repeatedly occur in caste experiences. The chapter goes on to discuss the experience of the social through vision, smell, sound and touch: especially bringing in how we socialize our perceptions of ‘social touch’.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Daunting Task ◽  
Ritual Activity

This section essentially covers the issues in assembling the book and the aims of the project. A critical review of recent literature related to ancient ontologies, neo-animism, and perspectivism is provided as general background to the volume, and each contribution is briefly presented. The specific questions contributors aim to address are based on ascertaining the extent to which modern archaeology and related disciplines can hope to reconstruct pre-Columbian ritual behaviors. How should we undertake the daunting task of interpreting these remains of ritual activity? How are we to accurately comprehend the social significance of certain artifacts both portable and immobile—beyond any practical use? How can we decode sacred images, and interrogate them so that they may inform us about the societies that produced and disseminated them?

scholarly journals Ni vencedores ni vencidos. Zonas grises y resistencia(s) en ámbito de la cultura literaria durante el Primer Franquismo = Neither Winners nor Losers. Gray Areas and Resistance(s) in the Field of Literary Culture during the First Francoism

2019 ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Gabriela De Lima Grecco
Keyword(s):  
Recent Literature ◽  
Literary Culture ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cultural Project ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Gray Areas

El surgimiento de una reciente literatura sobre actitudes sociales refleja una nueva sensibilidad por parte de los investigadores e investigadoras sobre los múltiples vectores de actividad de resistencia que siempre existen en cualquier sociedad. Este artículo tiene como objetivo desarrollar el concepto de resistencia y complejizar su uso a través de algunas categorías como «resistencia endógena» y «exógena». Para llevar a cabo este estudio, se pretende analizar las actitudes sociales de la gente corriente en ámbito de la producción y de consumo de textos. Las actitudes sociales de los españoles durante la postguerra revelan las complejas relaciones construidas a lo largo del primer franquismo en ámbito cultural y literario. Así, las interacciones entre los ciudadanos y el régimen fueron variables y ambiguas, y las referencias a las parejas antitéticas entre víctimas y verdugos deben ser matizadas. A través del examen de las políticas del libro, se busca señalar las actitudes de la gente corriente, cuyas prácticas cotidianas de indisciplina se mostraron a menudo una barrera para el desarrollo del proyecto cultural de la dictadura.AbstractThe emergence of a recent literature on social attitudes reflects a new sensitivity on the part of researchers on the multiple vectors of resistance activity that always exist in any society. The aim of this article is to develop the concept of resistance and to make its use more complex through some categories, such as «endogenous resistance» and «exogenous resistance». To carry out this study, it is intended to analyze the social attitudes of ordinary people in the field of production and consumption of texts. The social attitudes of Spaniards during the postwar period reveal the complex relationships built up during the first Franco period in the cultural and literary fields. Thus, the interactions between citizens and the regime were variable and ambiguous, and antithesis references, such as victims and executioners, must be questioned. Through the examination of the book’s policies, this article aims to point out the attitudes of ordinary people, whose daily practices of indiscipline were often a barrier to the development of the cultural project of the dictatorship.

scholarly journals Could social capital help Czech agriculture?

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chloupková ◽  
Bjørnskov Ch
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Features

Recent literature and research on social capital has demonstrated the economic importance of social features, such as trust and norms that facilitate cooperation. This article focuses on the role of social capital in the context of the Czech agricultural sector. Obtaining credit, sharing machinery, and proliferating information serves as examples where an awareness and reliance on the social capital of rural communities matter. By forming groups and strengthening existing networks, Czech farmers can improve their productivity, as well as their welfare. The article concludes by warning that the Czech state cannot invest directly in social capital, but should create the necessary legal and economic incentives to encourage the formation of social capital.

Peripheral Mechanisms of Touch and Proprioception

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 484-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynette A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Muscle Spindle ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Sensory System ◽  
Tactile Sensation ◽  
Cutaneous Mechanoreceptors ◽  
Spatial Properties ◽  
Neurophysiological Studies ◽  
Sensory Mechanisms

The basic sensory mechanisms involved in transducing information concerning the spatial properties of objects and the movements and forces generated by the hand are briefly reviewed. The contribution of different cutaneous mechanoreceptors to the processing of spatial information is discussed in the context of psychophysical and neurophysiological studies of the tactile sensory system. The specialization of the hand with respect to the sensory mechanisms that contribute to our awareness of finger position, movement, and force is reviewed, and experimental evidence indicating the critical role played by muscle spindle receptors in proprioception is described.Key words: hand, haptics, kinesthesia, proprioception, tactile sensation.

scholarly journals The Anthropocene and anthropology

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-196
Author(s):  
Chris Hann
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Ethnographic Methods ◽  
Half Century ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Bronze Age

Noting a lack of consensus in the recent literature on the Anthropocene, this article considers how social anthropologists might contribute to its theorizing and dating. Empirically it draws on the author’s long-term fieldwork in Hungary. It is argued that ethnographic methods are essential for grasping subjectivities, including temporal orientations and perceptions of epochal transformation. When it comes to historical periodization, however, ethnography is obviously insufficient and proposals privileging the last half-century, or just the last quarter of a century, seem inadequate. Influential theories, which define ‘modernity’ in terms of developments emanating from the countries of the North Atlantic in the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries (Gellner, Polanyi, Wolf), remain partial and Eurocentric. To comprehend the social preconditions of the Anthropocene in a holistic fashion (the crucial contribution of comparative anthropology), it is necessary to follow Jack Goody and trace how the urban revolutions of the Bronze Age united Eurasia through the diffusion of new forms of economy, polity and cosmology.

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