scholarly journals Beyond the X Factor: Relevance of Sex Hormones in NAFLD Pathophysiology

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2502
Author(s):  
Sara Della Torre
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Hepatic Metabolism ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Reduced Physical Activity ◽  
Specific Regulation ◽  
Major Health Issue

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major health issue worldwide, being frequently associated with obesity, unbalanced dietary regimens, and reduced physical activity. Despite their greater adiposity and reduced physical activity, women show a lower risk of developing NAFLD in comparison to men, likely a consequence of a sex-specific regulation of liver metabolism. In the liver, sex differences in the uptake, synthesis, oxidation, deposition, and mobilization of lipids, as well as in the regulation of inflammation, are associated with differences in NAFLD prevalence and progression between men and women. Given the major role of sex hormones in driving hepatic sexual dimorphism, this review will focus on the role of sex hormones and their signaling in the regulation of hepatic metabolism and in the molecular mechanisms triggering NAFLD development and progression.

Prevention effects of black soybean polyphenols on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in three different model mice

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mio Yamamoto ◽  
Yasukiyo Yoshioka ◽  
Tomoya Kitakaze ◽  
Yoko Yamashita ◽  
Hitoshi Ashida
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Black Soybean ◽  
Food Components ◽  
The World ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Major Health Issue

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its advanced stage, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are a major health issue throughout the world. Certain food components such as polyphenols are expected to possess...

scholarly journals lncRNA SNHG15 Induced by SOX12 Promotes the Tumorigenic Properties and Chemoresistance in Cervical Cancer via the miR-4735-3p/HIF1a Pathway

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Jiang Yang ◽  
Mei Yang ◽  
Huabing Lv ◽  
Min Zhou ◽  
Xiaogang Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Reporter Assays

Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common malignancies in females, with high prevalence and mortality globally. Despite advances in diagnosis and therapeutic strategies developed in recent years, CC is still a major health burden worldwide. The molecular mechanisms underlying the development of CC need to be understood. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the role of lncRNA SNHG15 in CC progression. Using qRT-PCR, we determined that lncRNA SNHG15 is highly expressed in CC tumor tissues and cells. lncRNA SNHG15 knockdown also reduces the tumorigenic properties of CC in vitro, as determined using the MTT, EdU, flow cytometry, and transwell assays. Using bioinformatics analysis, RNA pull-down, ChIP, and luciferase reporter assays, we verified the molecular mechanisms of lncRNA SNHG15 in CC progression and found that lncRNA SNHG15 expression in CC cells is transcriptionally regulated by SOX12; moreover, lncRNA SNHG15 promotes CC progression via the miR-4735-3p/HIF1a axis. This study can provide a potential target for CC diagnosis or therapeutic strategies in the future.

scholarly journals ULOGA FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI I VJEŽBANJA KOD PRETILOSTI I KONTROLE TEŽINE

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danimir Gajić
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Voluntary Exercise ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
The Public ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Reduced Physical Activity ◽  
Physiological Theory

The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased during the last decade causing devastatingconsequences to the public health. Health and dietary exerts recommended healthier diet andphysical activity as strategies to reduce obesity. However, there has been a great deal of confusionabout the role of physical activity and exercise in obesity and weight management in general. Thefocus of this article is based on the fact that reduced physical activity and energy expenditure causeobesity and the obesity can lead to serious health problems among which are cardio vasculardiseases. The idea that obesity is caused by consistent decline in daily energy expenditure is notsupported either by objective measures of energy expenditure or physiological theory of weight gainalone. However, since voluntary exercise is the most important discretionary component of total dailyenergy expenditure, it can affect energy balance. In regards to the above-mentioned physical activityhas a big potential to become important part of the solution for the ongoing obesity epidemic.

scholarly journals Autophagy in Hepatic Steatosis: A Structured Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitor de Miranda Ramos ◽  
Alicia J. Kowaltowski ◽  
Pamela A. Kakimoto
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Amino Acid Contents ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Precise Role ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Steatosis is the accumulation of neutral lipids in the cytoplasm. In the liver, it is associated with overeating and a sedentary lifestyle, but may also be a result of xenobiotic toxicity and genetics. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) defines an array of liver conditions varying from simple steatosis to inflammation and fibrosis. Over the last years, autophagic processes have been shown to be directly associated with the development and progression of these conditions. However, the precise role of autophagy in steatosis development is still unclear. Specifically, autophagy is necessary for the regulation of basic metabolism in hepatocytes, such as glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis, response to insulin and glucagon signaling, and cellular responses to free amino acid contents. Also, genetic knockout models for autophagy-related proteins suggest a critical relationship between autophagy and hepatic lipid metabolism, but some results are still ambiguous. While autophagy may seem necessary to support lipid oxidation in some contexts, other evidence suggests that autophagic activity can lead to lipid accumulation instead. This structured literature review aims to critically discuss, compare, and organize results over the last 10 years regarding rodent steatosis models that measured several autophagy markers, with genetic and pharmacological interventions that may help elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved.

scholarly journals Protective role of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the associated molecular mechanisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
QIAN XU ◽  
JI WANG ◽  
FEIFEI CHEN ◽  
KAISU LIN ◽  
MINGAO ZHU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Magnesium Isoglycyrrhizinate

Molecular mechanisms of alcoholic fatty liver: role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha

Alcohol ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Crabb ◽  
Andrea Galli ◽  
Monika Fischer ◽  
Min You
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Receptor Alpha

scholarly journals Role of the GATA-1/FOG-1/NuRD Pathway in the Expression of Human β-Like Globin Genes

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (14) ◽  
pp. 3460-3470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annarita Miccio ◽  
Gerd A. Blobel
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Globin Gene ◽  
Globin Genes ◽  
Nurd Complex ◽  
Adult Type ◽  
Specific Regulation ◽  
Globin Gene Expression

ABSTRACT The human β-globin genes are expressed in a developmentally controlled fashion. Studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying the stage-specific regulation of globin genes have been fueled by the clinical benefit of elevated fetal γ-globin expression in patients with sickle cell anemia and thalassemia. Recent reports suggested a role of the hematopoietic transcription factor GATA-1, its cofactor FOG-1, and the associated chromatin remodeling complex NuRD in the developmental silencing of HBG1 and HBG2 gene expression. To examine whether FOG-1 via NuRD controls HBG1 and HBG2 silencing in vivo, we created mice in which the FOG-1/NuRD complex is disrupted (A. Miccio et al., EMBO J. 29:442-456, 2010) and crossed these with animals carrying the entire human β-globin gene locus as a transgene. We found that the FOG-1/NuRD interaction is dispensable for the silencing of human HBG1 and HBG2 expression. In addition, mutant animals displayed normal silencing of the endogenous embryonic globin genes. In contrast, a significant reduction of adult-type human and murine globin gene expression was found in adult bone marrows of mutant animals. These results suggest that, unexpectedly, NuRD is required for FOG-1-dependent activation of adult-type globin gene expression but is dispensable for human γ-globin silencing in vivo.

scholarly journals Physical Activity under Stress: A Perspective of HAPA and Individual Differences

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12144
Author(s):  
Song Zhou ◽  
Linqian Li ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Yiheng Cao ◽  
Baozhong Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Future Orientation ◽  
Outcome Expectancies ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model ◽  
Reduced Physical Activity ◽  
Future Consequences ◽  
The Relationship

Aims: Physical activity is an effective way for people to cope with stress. However, people often decrease their physical activity in response to stressors. Therefore, we aimed to understand the relationship between perceived stress and physical activity from an outcome expectancies perspective and investigated the moderating role of future orientation in this relationship. Methods: This study recruited 425 students who completed a three-wave survey at six-week intervals. A moderated mediation model was used to examine the mediating effects of outcome expectancies and the moderating effects of future orientation. Results: The results indicated that outcome expectancies mediated the relationship between perceived stress and physical activity. This relationship was moderated by future orientation. In particular, the mediating effects were significant for people with a high future orientation, but not for those with a low future orientation. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate the adaptive function of future orientation in response to general stress. Importantly, the link between perceived stress and reduced physical activity could be mitigated by encouraging people to focus on future consequences. Future studies should consider developing intervention strategies that help those struggling with stressful contexts.

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