scholarly journals State-of-the-Art Green Roofs: Technical Performance and Certifications for Sustainable Construction

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Naranjo ◽  
Andrés Colonia ◽  
Jaime Mesa ◽  
Heriberto Maury ◽  
Aníbal Maury-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
The Impact

Green roof systems, a technology which was used in major ancient buildings, are currently becoming an interesting strategy to reduce the negative impact of traditional urban development caused by ground impermeabilization. Only regarding the environmental impact, the application of these biological coatings on buildings has the potential of acting as a thermal, moisture, noise, and electromagnetic barrier. At the urban scale, they might reduce the heat island effect and sewage system load, improve runoff water and air quality, and reconstruct natural landscapes including wildlife. In spite of these significant benefits, the current design and construction methods are not completely regulated by law because there is a lack of knowledge of their technical performance. Hence, this review of the current state of the art presents a proper green roof classification based on their components and vegetation layer. Similarly, a detailed description from the key factors that control the hydraulic and thermal performance of green roofs is given. Based on these factors, an estimation of the impact of green roof systems on sustainable construction certifications is included (i.e., LEED—Leadership in Energy and Environment Design, BREEAM—Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method, CASBEE—Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency, BEAM—Building Environmental Assessment Method, ESGB—Evaluation Standard for Green Building). Finally, conclusions and future research challenges for the correct implementation of green roofs are addressed.

scholarly journals Seismic Performance of a Green Roof Structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4278
Author(s):  
Svetlana Tam ◽  
Jenna Wong
Keyword(s):  
Green Roof ◽  
Time History ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Moment Frame ◽  
Steel Moment Frame ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
Nonlinear Time History Analyses ◽  
Vegetated Roofs ◽  
Nonlinear Time History ◽  
The Impact

Sustainability addresses the need to reduce the structure’s impact on the environment but does not reduce the environment’s impact on the structure. To explore this relationship, this study focuses on quantifying the impact of green roofs or vegetated roofs on seismic responses such as story displacements, interstory drifts, and floor level accelerations. Using an archetype three-story steel moment frame, nonlinear time history analyses are conducted in OpenSees for a shallow and deep green roof using a suite of ground motions from various distances from the fault to identify key trends and sensitivities in response.

scholarly journals SEM-PLS Approach to Green Building

Encyclopedia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 472-481
Author(s):  
Nasim Aghili ◽  
Mehdi Amirkhani
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Building Operation ◽  
The Impact

Green buildings refer to buildings that decrease adverse environmental effects and maintain natural resources. They can diminish energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, the usage of non-renewable materials, water consumption, and waste generation while improving occupants’ health and well-being. As such, several rating tools and benchmarks have been developed worldwide to assess green building performance (GBP), including the Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) in the United Kingdom, German Sustainable Building Council (DGNB), Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) in the United States and Canada, Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency (CASBEE) in Japan, Green Star in Australia, Green Mark in Singapore, and Green Building Index in Malaysia. Energy management (EM) during building operation could also improve GBP. One of the best approaches to evaluating the impact of EM on GBP is by using structural equation modelling (SEM). SEM is a commanding statistical method to model testing. One of the most used SEM variance-based approaches is partial least squares (PLS), which can be implemented in the SmartPLS application. PLS-SEM uses path coefficients to determine the strength and significance of the hypothesised relationships between the latent constructs.

scholarly journals Proposal of an Assessment Method of the Impact Sound Insulation of Lightweight Floors

Buildings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Łukasz Nowotny ◽  
Jacek Nurzyński
Keyword(s):  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Indicator Values ◽  
Floor Covering ◽  
Acoustic Performance ◽  
Quality Rating ◽  
The Impact

Lightweight floors are in line with a sustainable construction concept and have become increasingly popular in residential buildings. The acoustic performance of such floors plays a pivotal role in the overall building quality rating. There is, however, no clear and complete method to predict their impact sound insulation. A new approximation method and new acoustic indicators—equivalent weighted normalized impact sound pressure levels for lightweight floors—are proposed and outlined in this article. The prediction procedure and indicator values were initially validated on the basis of laboratory measurements taken for different lightweight floors with the same well-defined floor covering. These preliminary analyses and comparisons show that the proposed method is promising and should be fully developed on the basis of further research.

scholarly journals Carbon Footprint Assessment of Construction Waste Packaging Using the Package-to-Product Indicator

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 10094
Author(s):  
Jan Pešta ◽  
Markéta Šerešová ◽  
Vladimír Kočí
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Environmental Footprint ◽  
Product Environmental Footprint ◽  
Material Recovery ◽  
Construction Products ◽  
Tile System ◽  
The Impact

The environmental impacts of buildings are based on the construction products, which together with their packaging can be assessed as one product system. To reduce the environmental impacts of buildings, the products and their packaging need to be optimised and analysed using environmental assessment. The purpose of this study is to assess the packaging related to the product according to the Life Cycle Assessment method. The environmental assessment was performed using the Product Environmental Footprint methodology, version 3.0. To compare the primary, secondary, and tertiary packaging, the results of the climate change indicator were used as a base to calculate the Package-to-Product (PtP) indicator. Among the considered scenarios to handle the waste packaging (landfilling scenario, material recovery scenario, energy recovery scenario, and the mixed scenario), the material recovery scenario is the most preferable and, for most of the packaging materials, the scenario with the lowest impact. Following the PtP result, the secondary packaging in the roof tile system has a significant share of the impact of the whole system (16% for the energy recovery scenario). Moreover, the results confirm the PtP indicator as the appropriate indicator to analyse the environmental impacts of construction products.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Family Houses in Slovakia Using a Building Environmental Assessment System

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Krídlová Burdová ◽  
Iveta Selecká ◽  
Silvia Vilčeková ◽  
Dušan Burák ◽  
Anna Sedláková
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Project Planning ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Sustainable Construction

The presented study is focused on the verification of a Building Environmental Assessment System (BEAS). A total of 13 detached family houses representing typical construction sites in Slovakia were chosen for analysis, evaluation and certification by using a BEAS which contains several main fields: A—Site Selection and Project Planning; B—Building Construction; C—Indoor Environment; D—Energy Performance; E—Water Management; and F—Waste Management. The results of this study show that the current construction method for family houses does not respect the criteria of sustainable construction as much as it possibly can. The reason for this is that investment costs for construction are prioritized over environmental and social aspects. Therefore, one house with a score of 1.10 is certified as BEAS BRONZE, ten family houses with scores of 1.56–2.88 are certified as BEAS SILVER and only two family houses with total scores of 3.59 and 3.87, respectively, are certified as BEAS GOLD. The overall results show that the weakest fields of sustainability are Waste management, Energy performance and Building construction. The best-rated fields are Site Selection and Project Planning, Indoor Environment and Water Management. In the future, it is essential to pay attention to those areas where the sustainability criteria have not been reached, as well as to raise project teams’ awareness of sustainability issues and subsequently to transfer them to building practices.

Modelling Nitrogen Deposition on a Local Scale—A Review of the Current State of the Art

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Hertel ◽  
Carsten Ambelas Skjøth ◽  
Per Løfstrøm ◽  
Camilla Geels ◽  
Lise Marie Frohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Deposition ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Ammonia Emissions ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Local ammonia emissions from agricultural activities are often associated with high nitrogen deposition in the close vicinity of the sources. High nitrogen (N) inputs may significantly affect the local ecosystems. Over a longer term, high loads may change the composition of the ecosystems, leading to a general decrease in local biodiversity. In Europe there is currently a significant focus on the impact of atmospheric N load on local ecosystems among environmental managers and policy makers. Model tools designed for application in N deposition assessment and aimed for use in the regulation of anthropogenic nitrogen emissions are, therefore, under development in many European countries. The aim of this paper is to present a review of the current understanding and modelling parameterizations of atmospheric N deposition. A special focus is on the development of operational tools for use in environmental assessment and regulation related to agricultural ammonia emissions. For the often large number of environmental impact assessments needed to be carried out by local environmental managers there is, furthermore, a need for simple and fast model systems. These systems must capture the most important aspects of dispersion and deposition of N in the nearby environment of farms with animal production. The paper includes a discussion on the demands on the models applied in environmental assessment and regulation and how these demands are fulfilled in current state-of-the-art models.

Study on Sustainable Buildings

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 3146-3149
Author(s):  
Ying Li
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Sustainable Buildings ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Ecological Principles ◽  
The Us ◽  
Construction Operation ◽  
The Uk

Sustainable development meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Sustainable construction is the creation and responsible maintenance of a healthy built environment, based on ecological principles, and by means of an efficient use of resources. Sustainable buildings meet customer needs through environmentally and socially responsible planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance at the least possible first-time and operating costs. Three assessment methods for sustainable buildings are included: Building Research Establishment's Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) in the UK, Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) in the US and Green Globes environmental assessment and rating system. The greatest challenge sustainable construction faces is to lower the initial costs of sustainable buildings. Prefabrication is a means of saving labor and lowering the costs.

scholarly journals Is Smart Growth a smart adaptation strategy?: Examining Ontario's proposed growth under climate change

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (424-426) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Brad Bass
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Smart Growth ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
The Impact

The author is a member of Environment Canada's Adaptation and Impact Research Group, located in the Centre for Environment at the University of Toronto. His primary research interests include the use of ecological technologies in adapting urban areas to atmospheric change, the impacts of climate change on the energy sector, and the characteristics of adaptable systems. His current work on ecological technologies includes green roofs, vertical gardens and living machines. Dr Bass has been involved in two major projects, in Ottawa and Toronto, to evaluate the impact of green roofs on the urban heat island, energy consumption, stormwater runoff and water quality. Currently, Dr Bass is conducting research on integrating green roof infrastructure with other vegetation strategies at a community scale, simulating the impact of a green roof on the energy consumption of individual buildings.

scholarly journals Impact of Green Roofs on Energy Demand for Cooling in Egyptian Buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Ragab ◽  
Ahmed Abdelrady
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reducing Energy

Energy consumption for cooling purposes has increased significantly in recent years, mainly due to population growth, urbanization, and climate change consequences. The situation can be mitigated by passive climate solutions to reduce energy consumption in buildings. This study investigated the effectiveness of the green roof concept in reducing energy demand for cooling in different climatic regions. The impact of several types of green roofing of varying thermal conductivity and soil depth on energy consumption for cooling school buildings in Egypt was examined. In a co-simulation approach, the efficiency of the proposed green roof types was evaluated using the Design-Builder software, and a cost analysis was performed for the best options. The results showed that the proposed green roof types saved between 31.61 and 39.74% of energy, on average. A green roof featuring a roof soil depth of 0.1 m and 0.9 W/m-K thermal conductivity exhibited higher efficiency in reducing energy than the other options tested. The decrease in air temperature due to green roofs in hot arid areas, which exceeded an average of 4 °C, was greater than that in other regions that were not as hot. In conclusion, green roofs were shown to be efficient in reducing energy consumption as compared with traditional roofs, especially in hot arid climates.

Analyze the energy balance and energy-saving benefits of  green roofs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Ching Pang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

<p>In the context of rapid global urbanization, problems such as urban thermal effects often occur, which may cause the increase in building energy consumption. Green roofs have the effect to regulating the indoor temperature of buildings. This study is expected to evaluate the cooling and energy-saving benefits of green roofs and build an experimental to simulation buildings situation , the control group without green roof and the experimental group with green roof, compare the indoor temperature and heat flux changes in the control group and the experimental group, and calculate the radiant heat, latent heat, sensible heat, conduction heat in the green roof layer , And build a model to simulation energy project to discuss the energy balance of the green roof and the impact on the energy of the buildings below, and analyze the cooling and energy saving effects of the green roof.</p>

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