scholarly journals Development of Red Clay Ultrafiltration Membranes for Oil-Water Separation

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Saad A. Aljlil
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Carbon Membrane ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Oil Water

In this study, a red clay/nano-activated carbon membrane was investigated for the removal of oil from industrial wastewater. The sintering temperature was minimized using CaF2 powder as a binder. The fabricated membrane was characterized by its mechanical properties, average pore size, and hydrophilicity. A contact angle of 67.3° and membrane spore size of 95.46 nm were obtained. The prepared membrane was tested by a cross-flow filtration process using an oil-water emulsion, and showed a promising permeate flux and oil rejection results. During the separation of oil from water, the flux increased from 191.38 to 284.99 L/m2 on increasing the applied pressure from 3 to 6 bar. In addition, high water permeability was obtained for the fabricated membrane at low operating pressure. However, the membrane flux decreased from 490.28 to 367.32 L/m2·h due to oil deposition on the membrane surface; regardless, the maximum oil rejection was 99.96% at an oil concentration of 80 NTU and a pressure of 5 bar. The fabricated membrane was negatively charged, as were the oil droplets, thereby facilitating membrane purification through backwashing. The obtained ceramic membrane functioned well as a hydrophilic membrane and showed potential for use in oil wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Application of a triblock copolymer additive modified polyvinylidene fluoride membrane for effective oil/water separation

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 171979 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Shen ◽  
K. P. Liu ◽  
J. J. Yang ◽  
Y. Li ◽  
R. B. Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Triblock Copolymer ◽  
Oily Wastewater ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water

A hollow fibre membrane was fabricated by blending polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) with a triblock copolymer additive polymer that has both hydrophilic and oleophobic surface properties. The novel membrane was characterized and examined for oil/water separation under various system conditions, including different cross-flow rate, feed temperature, trans-membrane pressure, and its rejection and cleaning efficiency, etc. By applying the membrane into the filtration of synthesized oil/water emulsion, the membrane constantly achieved an oil rejection rate of above 99%, with a relatively constant permeate flux varied in the range of 68.9–59.0 l m −2  h −1 . More importantly, the fouling of the used membrane can be easily removed by simple water flushing. The membrane also demonstrated a wide adaptability for different types of real oily wastewater, even at very high feed oil concentration (approx. 115 000 mg l −1 in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COM)). Hence, the novel triblock copolymer additive-modified PVDF membrane can have a great prospect in the continuing effort to expand the engineering application of polymeric membranes for oily wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Development of Janus Cellulose Acetate Fiber (CA) Membranes for Highly Efficient Oil–Water Separation

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 5916
Author(s):  
Xiaotian Yu ◽  
Xian Zhang ◽  
Yajie Xing ◽  
Hongjing Zhang ◽  
Wuwei Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Fiber Membrane ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Centrifugal Spinning ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water

A new type of Janus cellulose acetate (CA) fiber membrane was used to separate oil–water emulsions, which was prepared with plasma gas phase grafting by polymerizing octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) onto a CA fiber membrane prepared by centrifugal spinning. The Janus–CA fiber membrane was described in terms of chemical structure using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis and morphology by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). In this contribution, we examine the influence of spinning solution concentration, spinning speed and nozzle aperture on the centrifugal spinning process and the fiber morphology. Superhydrophobic/hydrophilic Janus–CA fiber membrane was used to separate water and 1,2-dibromoethane mixture and Toluene-in-water emulsion. Unidirectional water transfer Janus–CA fiber membrane was used to separate n-hexane and water mixture. The separation for the first-time interception rate was about 98.81%, 98.76% and 98.73%, respectively. Experimental results revealed that the Janus cellulose acetate (CA) fiber membrane gave a permeate flux of about 43.32, 331.72 and 275.27 L/(m2·h), respectively. The novel Janus–CA fiber membrane can potentially be used for sustainable W/O emulsion separation. We believe that this is a facile strategy for construction of filtration materials for practical oil–water separation.

A Wall Film Model for Membrane Fouling

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Jahangiri Mamouri ◽  
Volodymyr V. Tarabara ◽  
André Bénard
Keyword(s):  
Multiphase Flow ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Wall Film ◽  
Oil Water

Deoiling of produced or impaired waters associated with oil and gas production represents a significant challenge for many companies. Centrifugation, air flotation, and hydrocyclone separation are the current methods of oil removal from produced water [1], however the efficiency of these methods decreases dramatically for droplets smaller than approximately 15–20 μm. More effective separation of oil-water mixtures into water and oil phases has the potential to both decrease the environmental footprint of the oil and gas industry and improve human well-being in regions such as the Gulf of Mexico. New membrane separation processes and design of systems with advanced flow management offer tremendous potential for improving oil-water separation efficacy. However, fouling is a major challenge in membrane separation [2]. In this study, the behavior of oil droplets and their interaction with crossflow filtration (CFF) membranes (including membrane fouling) is studied using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. A model for film formation on a membrane surface is proposed for the first time to simulate film formation on membrane surfaces. The bulk multiphase flow is modeled using an Eulerian-Eulerian multiphase flow model. A wall film is developed from mass and momentum balances [3] and implemented to model droplet deposition and membrane surface blockage. The model is used to predict film formation and subsequent membrane fouling, and allow to estimate the actual permeate flux. The results are validated using available experimental data.

scholarly journals Hydrophilic Fe2O3 dynamic membrane mitigating fouling of support ceramic membrane in ultrafiltration of oil/water emulsion

2016 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongwei Lu ◽  
Wei Cheng ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Xinglin Lu ◽  
Qianliang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Dynamic Membrane ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Oil Water

A facile surface modification of a PVDF membrane via CaCO3 mineralization for efficient oil/water emulsion separation

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (48) ◽  
pp. 20999-21006
Author(s):  
Junda Wu ◽  
Atian Xie ◽  
Jin Yang ◽  
Jiangdong Dai ◽  
Chunxiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Assembly Process ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Pvdf Membrane ◽  
Inorganic Particles ◽  
Emulsion Separation ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water

A facile modification of a PVDF membrane using CaCO3 inorganic particles via a layer-by-layer self-assembly process for efficient oil/water separation.

scholarly journals Micro/Nanoscale Structured Superhydrophilic and Underwater Superoleophobic Hybrid-Coated Mesh for High-Efficiency Oil/Water Separation

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1378
Author(s):  
Teng Yuan ◽  
Jian Yin ◽  
Yingling Liu ◽  
Weiping Tu ◽  
Zhuohong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Stainless Steel Mesh ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Nano Sio2 ◽  
Binary Structure ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water

A novel micro/nanoscale rough structured superhydrophilic hybrid-coated mesh that shows underwater superoleophobic behavior is fabricated by spray casting or dipping nanoparticle–polymer suspensions on stainless steel mesh substrates. Water droplets can spread over the mesh completely; meanwhile, oil droplets can roll off the mesh at low tilt angles without any penetration. Besides overcoming the oil-fouling problem of many superhydrophilic coatings, this superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic mesh can be used to separate oil and water. The simple method used here to prepare the organic–inorganic hybrid coatings successfully produced controllable micro-nano binary roughness and also achieved a rough topography of micro-nano binary structure by controlling the content of inorganic particles. The mechanism of oil–water separation by the superhydrophilic and superoleophobic membrane is rationalized by considering capillary mechanics. Tetraethyl orathosilicate (TEOS) as a base was used to prepare the nano-SiO2 solution as a nano-dopant through a sol-gel process, while polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was used as the film binder and glutaraldehyde as the cross-linking agent; the mixture was dip-coated on the surface of 300-mesh stainless steel mesh to form superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic film. Properties of nano-SiO2 represented by infrared spectroscopy and surface topography of the film observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated that the film surface had a coarse micro–nano binary structure; the effect of nano-SiO2 doping amount on the film’s surface topography and the effect of such surface topography on hydrophilicity of the film were studied; contact angle of water on such surface was tested as 0° by the surface contact angle tester and spread quickly; the underwater contact angle to oil was 158°, showing superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic properties. The effect of the dosing amount of cross-linking agent to the waterproof swelling property and the permeate flux of the film were studied; the oil–water separation effect of the film to oil–water suspension and oil–water emulsion was studied too, and in both cases the separation efficiency reached 99%, which finally reduced the oil content to be lower than 50 mg/L. The effect of filtration times to permeate flux was studied, and it was found that the more hydrophilic the film was, the stronger the stain resistance would be, and the permeate flux would gradually decrease along with the increase of filtration times.

Oily Water Treatment Using Ceramic Membrane in Presence of Swirling Flow Induced by a Tangential Inlet via CFD

2014 ◽  
Vol 348 ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tássia Vieira Mota ◽  
Helton Gomes Alves ◽  
Severino Rodrigues Farias Neto ◽  
Antônio Gilson Barbosa de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Particle Model ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oily Water ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Tangential Inlet

In recent years, attention has been given to the processes controlling the emission of oily effluents and their environmental impact. Many industrial processes generate large volumes of water contaminated with oil, called oily waters. The oily water must be treated before its discard in order to meet the criteria established by environmental agencies (for example in Brazil, 20 mg/L). In present days, the process of separating oil/water with ceramic membranes has attracted the attention of many researchers [1,2]. In this sense, the aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of the tangential inlet shape in the oil/water separation via ceramic membranes. We use a mathematical multiphase flow model to describe the oil-water separation, based on the particle model. Here oil is the dispersed phase while water the continuous phase. To model the turbulence effect we use the RNGk-εmodel. All simulations were carried out using the Ansys CFX ® commercial code. Results of streamlines and velocity, pressure and volume fraction of phase fields are present and analyzed. The numerical results indicate that no significant difference when using a circular or rectangular pipe with the same cross-sectional area.

scholarly journals Study on Demulsification-Flocculation Mechanism of Oil-Water Emulsion in Produced Water from Alkali/Surfactant/Polymer Flooding

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Huang ◽  
Xiaohui Li ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Cheng Fu ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Negative Charge ◽  
Oil Droplets ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Flocculation Mechanism ◽  
Asp Flooding ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water

The issue of pipeline scaling and oil-water separation caused by treating produced water in Alkali/Surfactant/Polymer (ASP) flooding greatly limits the wide use of ASP flooding technology. Therefore, this study of the demulsification-flocculation mechanism of oil-water emulsion in ASP flooding produced water is of great importance for ASP produced water treatment and its application. In this paper, the demulsification-flocculation mechanism of produced water is studied by simulating the changes in oil-water interfacial tension, Zeta potential and the size of oil droplets of produced water with an added demulsifier or flocculent by laboratory experiments. The results show that the demulsifier molecules can be adsorbed onto the oil droplets and replace the surfactant absorbed on the surface of oil droplets, reducing interfacial tension and weakening interfacial film strength, resulting in decreased stability of the oil droplets. The demulsifier can also neutralize the negative charge on the surface of oil droplets and reduce the electrostatic repulsion between them which will be beneficial for the accumulation of oil droplets. The flocculent after demulsification of oil droplets by charge neutralization, adsorption bridging, and sweeping all functions together. Thus, the oil droplets form aggregates and the synthetic action by the demulsifier and the flocculent causes the oil drop film to break up and oil droplet coalescence occurs to separate oil water.

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