scholarly journals Targeted Chemotherapy Delivery via Gold Nanoparticles: A Scoping Review of In Vivo Studies

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1169
Author(s):  
Ștefan Morărașu ◽  
Ștefan Iacob ◽  
Ionuț Tudorancea ◽  
Sorinel Luncă ◽  
Mihail-Gabriel Dimofte
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Experimental Cancer ◽  
Therapy Option ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
System Toxicity

In the field of oncology, a lot of improvements in nanotechnology creates support for better diagnosis and therapeutic opportunities, and due to their physical and chemical properties, gold nanoparticles are highly applicable. We performed a literature review on the studies engaging the usage of gold nanoparticles on murine models with a focus on the type of the carrier, the chemotherapy drug, the target tumoral tissue and outcomes. We identified fifteen studies that fulfilled our search criteria, in which we analyzed the synthesis methods, the most used chemotherapy conjugates of gold nanoparticles in experimental cancer treatment, as well as the improved impact on tumor size and system toxicity. Due to their intrinsic traits, we conclude that chemotherapy conjugates of gold nanoparticles are promising in experimental cancer treatment and may prove to be a safer and improved therapy option than current alternatives.

Preparation, pharmacokinetic and application of gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) in tumor treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Yang ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Yao Yu ◽  
Taolei Sun
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Stokes Shift ◽  
Gold Nanoclusters ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Synthesis Strategy ◽  
Physical And Chemical

: As a new type of nanomaterials, the gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) perform many special physical and chemical properties, such as large Stokes shift, relatively simple preparation, good water solubility, low toxicity and good biocompatibility, which make them show infinite potential in various fields, especially in cancer treatment. In recent years, the great progress has been made in the preparation, functionalization and biomedical applications of the AuNCs. In this article, the latest research progress and synthesis methods of the AuNCs have been summarized, emphasizing the preparation using the "bottom-up" synthesis strategy. Furthermore, we introduced the in vivo pharmacokinetic performance of the AuNCs. The last part, we exemplified the applications of the AuNCs in biomedicine, including photothermal therapy (PTT), bioimaging, drug delivery and radiotherapy sensitization, which further confirmed the great potential of the AuNCs in tumor treatment.

New gold-198 nanoparticle synthesis to be used in cancer treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Daruich de Souza ◽  
Carla Daruich de Souza ◽  
Carlos Alberto Zeituni ◽  
Wilmmer Alexander Arcos Rosero ◽  
Beatriz Ribeiro Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Chloroauric Acid ◽  
Repeated Heating

Gold nanoparticles (NPs) have been intriguing scientists for over 100 years. Recently, they have been studied for new applications such as cancer treatment. Although the synthesis of gold nanoparticles is extensively reported, in the majority of cases the methodology is confused and/or not clear. We describe a new synthesis methodology for radioactive gold‐198 NPs. Gold-198 was activated in IPEN IEA-01 nuclear reactor. After that, chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) was formed by dissolving the radioactive gold with aqua regia and performing repeated heating cycles. 0.1 mM HAuCl4 containing 100 μL of 1 M NaOH was prepared in a flask equipped with a reflux condenser. The solution was brought to boil and stirred with a PTFE‐coated magnetic stir‐bar. Then 5 mL of sodium citrate was rapidly added. The reaction turns from light yellow to clear, black, dark purple until the solution attained a wine‐red color (2–3 min). Dynamic light scattering (DLS) confirmed 8 nm particles. The presence of gold‐198 (197.968 g/mol; half‐life: 2.69517; decay mode: β‐; average energy: 1.3723 MeV) was confirmed by an ORTEC HPGe detector. DLS was performed after complete decay confirming the 8 nm diameter maintenance. We were able to achieve radioactive gold‐198 NPs and are performing further studies such as: coating reactions, in‐vitro and in‐vivo studies.

scholarly journals Advances in cancer research using gold nanoparticles mediated photothermal ablation.

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian Mocan ◽  
Cristian T. Matea ◽  
Dana Bartos ◽  
Ofelia Mosteanu ◽  
Teodora Pop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Human Cancers ◽  
Photothermal Ablation ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

 Recent research suggests that nanotechnologies may lead to the development of novel cancer treatment. Gold nanoparticles with their unique physical and chemical properties hold great hopes for the development of thermal-based therapies against human malignancies. This review will focus on various strategies that have been developed to use gold nanoparticles as photothermal agents against human cancers.

scholarly journals Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts as Beneficial Prospect for Cancer Theranostics

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6389
Author(s):  
Kaushik Kumar Bharadwaj ◽  
Bijuli Rabha ◽  
Siddhartha Pati ◽  
Tanmay Sarkar ◽  
Bhabesh Kumar Choudhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Cancer Theranostics ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been widely explored and are well-known for their medical applications. Chemical and physical synthesis methods are a way to make AuNPs. In any case, the hunt for other more ecologically friendly and cost-effective large-scale technologies, such as environmentally friendly biological processes known as green synthesis, has been gaining interest by worldwide researchers. The international focus on green nanotechnology research has resulted in various nanomaterials being used in environmentally and physiologically acceptable applications. Several advantages over conventional physical and chemical synthesis (simple, one-step approach to synthesize, cost-effectiveness, energy efficiency, and biocompatibility) have drawn scientists’ attention to exploring the green synthesis of AuNPs by exploiting plants’ secondary metabolites. Biogenic approaches, mainly the plant-based synthesis of metal nanoparticles, have been chosen as the ideal strategy due to their environmental and in vivo safety, as well as their ease of synthesis. In this review, we reviewed the use of green synthesized AuNPs in the treatment of cancer by utilizing phytochemicals found in plant extracts. This article reviews plant-based methods for producing AuNPs, characterization methods of synthesized AuNPs, and discusses their physiochemical properties. This study also discusses recent breakthroughs and achievements in using green synthesized AuNPs in cancer treatment and different mechanisms of action, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase activation, leading to apoptosis, etc., for their anticancer and cytotoxic effects. Understanding the mechanisms underlying AuNPs therapeutic efficacy will aid in developing personalized medicines and treatments for cancer as a potential cancer therapeutic strategy.

Titania Nanotubes: Novel Nanostructures for Improved Osseointegration

2010 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Swami ◽  
Zhanwu Cui ◽  
Lakshmi S. Nair
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Titania Nanotubes ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Wet Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Nanostructured one dimensional titanium oxides such as nanotubes and nanowires have raised interest lately due to their unique electronic and optical properties. These materials also have shown significant potential as biomaterials because of their ability to modulate protein and cellular interactions. In this review, synthesis and modification of titania nanotubes have been discussed with emphasis on electrochemical synthesis and wet chemical synthesis and their heat treatment of resulting titania nanotubes. The biomedical applications of titania nanotubes were subsequently discussed in detail with a focus on osseointegration. The areas discussed are cell responses to titania nanotubes, effects of titania nanotubes on stem cell proliferation and differentiation, titania nanotubes as drug delivery vehicles, surface modification of titania nanotubes, and in vivo studies using titania nanotubes. It is concluded that the in vitro and in vivo study clearly demonstrates the efficacy of titania nanotube in enhancing osseointegration of orthopedic implants and much of the future work is expected to focus on improving implant functions by modulating the physical and chemical properties of the nanotubes and by locally delivering bioactive molecules in a sustained manner.

scholarly journals Bimetallic Nanocrystals: Structure, Controllable Synthesis and Applications in Catalysis, Energy and Sensing

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1926
Author(s):  
Gaojie Li ◽  
Wenshuang Zhang ◽  
Na Luo ◽  
Zhenggang Xue ◽  
Qingmin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Controlled Synthesis ◽  
Controllable Synthesis ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Bimetallic Nanocrystals ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In recent years, bimetallic nanocrystals have attracted great interest from many researchers. Bimetallic nanocrystals are expected to exhibit improved physical and chemical properties due to the synergistic effect between the two metals, not just a combination of two monometallic properties. More importantly, the properties of bimetallic nanocrystals are significantly affected by their morphology, structure, and atomic arrangement. Reasonable regulation of these parameters of nanocrystals can effectively control their properties and enhance their practicality in a given application. This review summarizes some recent research progress in the controlled synthesis of shape, composition and structure, as well as some important applications of bimetallic nanocrystals. We first give a brief introduction to the development of bimetals, followed by the architectural diversity of bimetallic nanocrystals. The most commonly used and typical synthesis methods are also summarized, and the possible morphologies under different conditions are also discussed. Finally, we discuss the composition-dependent and shape-dependent properties of bimetals in terms of highlighting applications such as catalysis, energy conversion, gas sensing and bio-detection applications.

scholarly journals Green Silver and Gold Nanoparticles: Biological Synthesis Approaches and Potentials for Biomedical Applications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Rónavári ◽  
Nóra Igaz ◽  
Dóra I. Adamecz ◽  
Bettina Szerencsés ◽  
Csaba Molnar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Synthesis ◽  
Silver And Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Comprehensive Collection ◽  
Synthetic Approaches ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The nanomaterial industry generates gigantic quantities of metal-based nanomaterials for various technological and biomedical applications; however, concomitantly, it places a massive burden on the environment by utilizing toxic chemicals for the production process and leaving hazardous waste materials behind. Moreover, the employed, often unpleasant chemicals can affect the biocompatibility of the generated particles and severely restrict their application possibilities. On these grounds, green synthetic approaches have emerged, offering eco-friendly, sustainable, nature-derived alternative production methods, thus attenuating the ecological footprint of the nanomaterial industry. In the last decade, a plethora of biological materials has been tested to probe their suitability for nanomaterial synthesis. Although most of these approaches were successful, a large body of evidence indicates that the green material or entity used for the production would substantially define the physical and chemical properties and as a consequence, the biological activities of the obtained nanomaterials. The present review provides a comprehensive collection of the most recent green methodologies, surveys the major nanoparticle characterization techniques and screens the effects triggered by the obtained nanomaterials in various living systems to give an impression on the biomedical potential of green synthesized silver and gold nanoparticles.

Abstract 230: Lipoprotein X Causes Renal Disease in LCAT Deficiency

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward B Neufeld ◽  
Alice Ossoli ◽  
Seth G Thacker ◽  
Boris Vaisman ◽  
Milton Pryor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
Plasma Clearance ◽  
Mesangial Cells ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Lcat Deficiency ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Dependent Pathway

Familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency (FLD) is characterized by low HDL, accumulation of an abnormal cholesterol-rich multilamellar particle called lipoprotein-X (LpX) in plasma, and renal disease. The aim of our study was to determine if LpX is nephrotoxic and to gain insight into the pathogenesis of FLD renal disease. We administered a synthetic LpX, nearly identical to endogenous LpX in its physical, and chemical properties, to wild-type and Lcat -/- mice. Our in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated an apoA-I and LCAT-dependent pathway for LpX conversion to HDL-like particles, which likely mediates normal plasma clearance of LpX. Plasma clearance of exogenous LpX was markedly delayed in Lcat -/- mice, which have low HDL but only minimal amounts of endogenous LpX and do not spontaneously develop renal disease. Chronically administered exogenous LpX deposited in all renal glomerular cellular and matrical compartments of Lcat -/- mice, and induced proteinuria and nephrotoxic gene changes, as well as all of the hallmarks of FLD renal disease as assessed by histological, TEM, and SEM analyses. Extensive in vivo EM studies revealed LpX uptake by macropinocytosis into mouse glomerular endothelial cells, podocytes, and mesangial cells and delivery to lysosomes, where it was degraded. Endocytosed LpX appeared to be degraded by both human podocyte and mesangial cell lysosomal PLA 2 and induced podocyte secretion of pro-inflammatory IL-6 in vitro and renal Cxl10 expression in Lcat -/- mice. In conclusion, LpX is a nephrotoxic particle that in the absence of LCAT induces all of the histological and functional hallmarks of FLD and hence may serve as a biomarker for monitoring recombinant LCAT therapy. In addition, our studies suggest that LpX-induced loss of endothelial barrier function and release of cytokines by renal glomerular cells likely plays a role in the initiation and progression of FLD nephrosis.

Gold nanoparticle based fluorescent oligonucleotide probes for imaging and therapy in living systems

The Analyst ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (4) ◽  
pp. 1052-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjing Yang ◽  
Shian Zhong ◽  
Kemin Wang ◽  
Jin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Gold Nanoparticle ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Oligonucleotide Probes ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with unique physical and chemical properties have become an integral part of research in nanoscience.

scholarly journals Exposure to airborne gold nanoparticles: a review of current toxicological data on the respiratory tract

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara De Berardis ◽  
Magda Marchetti ◽  
Anna Risuglia ◽  
Federica Ietto ◽  
Carla Fanizza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Field Exposure ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn recent years, the introduction of innovative low-cost and large-scale processes for the synthesis of engineered nanoparticles with at least one dimension less than 100 nm has led to countless useful and extensive applications. In this context, gold nanoparticles stimulated a growing interest, due to their peculiar characteristics such as ease of synthesis, chemical stability and optical properties. This stirred the development of numerous applications especially in the biomedical field. Exposure of manufacturers and consumers to industrial products containing nanoparticles poses a potential risk to human health and the environment. Despite this, the precise mechanisms of nanomaterial toxicity have not yet been fully elucidated. It is well known that the three main routes of exposure to nanomaterials are by inhalation, ingestion and through the skin, with inhalation being the most common route of exposure to NPs in the workplace. To provide a complete picture of the impact of inhaled gold nanoparticles on human health, in this article, we review the current knowledge about the physico-chemical characteristics of this nanomaterial, in the size range of 1–100 nm, and its toxicity for pulmonary structures both in vitro and in vivo. Studies comparing the toxic effect of NPs larger than 100 nm (up to 250 nm) are also discussed.

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