scholarly journals Contributions of Distribution Modelling to the Ecological Study of Psittaciformes

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 611
Author(s):  
José R. Ferrer-Paris ◽  
Ada Sánchez-Mercado
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Parrot Species ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Research Action

We provide an overview of the use of species distribution modeling to address research questions related to parrot ecology and conservation at a global scale. We conducted a literature search and applied filters to select the 82 most relevant studies to discuss. The study of parrot species distribution has increased steadily in the past 30 years, with methods and computing development maturing and facilitating their application for a wide range of research and applied questions. Conservation topics was the most popular topic (37%), followed by ecology (34%) and invasion ecology (20%). The role of abiotic factors explaining parrot distribution is the most frequent ecological application. The high prevalence of studies supporting on-ground conservation problems is a remarkable example of reduction in the research–action gap. Prediction of invasion risk and assessment of invasion effect were more prevalent than examples evaluating the environmental or economic impact of these invasions. The integration of species distribution models with other tools in the decision-making process and other data (e.g., landscape metrics, genetic, behavior) could even further expand the range of applications and provide a more nuanced understanding of how parrot species are responding to their even more changing landscape and threats.

scholarly journals Epidemiología enfermera del duelo en Canarias

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-48
Author(s):  
Martín Rodríguez-Álvaro ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Diagnostic Labels ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Functional Patterns ◽  
Limited Process

Grief is a natural and self-limited process of adaptation to a new reality that arises after a significant loss, real or perceived, with a wide range of manifestations that produce an impact on the health of the mourner. Objective: To know and identify, broken down by diagnostic gradient, the prevalence of mourning in the Canary Islands, as well as the needs of care before the diagnosis of mourning of the mourners. Results: Significantly, more women than men are identified in the three diagnostic labels under study. Patients with bereavement complications previously presented depression, anxiety, and risk of loneliness. The result of the pattern assessment is paradoxical. Conclusion: Grief is a multidimensional phenomenon that can hardly be assessed from a reductionist tool such as functional patterns. The high prevalence of complications in women’s grief should be studied in-depth, associating it with their previous burdens of care and vulnerability. The association between loneliness and complicated grief is evident, and the role of community nurses in these patients may be essential. Further research is needed on the care needs of bereaved persons, both complicated and uncomplicated, as well as on their predictive and protective factors.

Immunology of Bipolar Disorder

2018 ◽  
pp. 211-226
Author(s):  
Izabela G. Barbosa ◽  
Moises E. Bauer ◽  
Jair C. Soares ◽  
Antônio L. Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Immune Changes ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe, chronic, and recurrent psychiatric illness. It has been associated with a high prevalence of medical and psychiatric comorbidities, cognitive impairment, and a progressive course of illness. Its neurobiology is not completely understood, but recent evidence has shown a wide range of immune changes. Here we review several data supporting the presence of immunological dysfunction in BD: (1) increased frequency of autoimmune diseases; (2) distinct immune cell profile; (3) altered release of cytokines by stimulated mononuclear cells; (4) elevated levels of circulating immune markers; (5) inflammatory changes in the central nervous system; (6) relationship with clinical comorbidities; and (7) the effect of current treatments on the immune system and the role of immunomodulatory agents.

The role of demography, intra-species variation, and species distribution models in species' projections under climate change

Ecography ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca M. Swab ◽  
Helen M. Regan ◽  
Diethart Matthies ◽  
Ute Becker ◽  
Hans Henrik Bruun
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Species Distribution Models ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
Distribution Models

scholarly journals Is Autism a Member of a Family of Diseases Resulting from Genetic/Cultural Mismatches? Implications for Treatment and Prevention

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Staci D. Bilbo ◽  
John P. Jones ◽  
William Parker
Keyword(s):  
Large Family ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Entire Family ◽  
Postindustrial Society ◽  
Typical Member ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Several lines of evidence support the view that autism is a typical member of a large family of immune-related, noninfectious, chronic diseases associated with postindustrial society. This family of diseases includes a wide range of inflammatory, allergic, and autoimmune diseases and results from consequences of genetic/culture mismatches which profoundly destabilize the immune system. Principle among these consequences is depletion of important components, particularly helminths, from the ecosystem of the human body, the human biome. Autism shares a wide range of features in common with this family of diseases, including the contribution of genetics/epigenetics, the identification of disease-inducing triggers, the apparent role of immunity in pathogenesis, high prevalence, complex etiologies and manifestations, and potentially some aspects of epidemiology. Fortunately, using available resources and technology, modern medicine has the potential to effectively reconstitute the human biome, thus treating or even avoiding altogether the consequences of genetic/cultural mismatches which underpin this entire family of disease. Thus, if indeed autism is an epidemic of postindustrial society associated with immune hypersensitivity, we can expect that the disease is readily preventable.

scholarly journals From Remote Sensing to Species Distribution Modelling: An Integrated Workflow to Monitor Spreading Species in Key Grassland Habitats

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1904
Author(s):  
Walter De Simone ◽  
Marina Allegrezza ◽  
Anna Rita Frattaroli ◽  
Silvia Montecchiari ◽  
Giulio Tesei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Species Distribution Model ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Overlay Analysis ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Habitat Directive ◽  
The Impact

Remote sensing (RS) has been widely adopted as a tool to investigate several biotic and abiotic factors, directly and indirectly, related to biodiversity conservation. European grasslands are one of the most biodiverse habitats in Europe. Most of these habitats are subject to priority conservation measure, and several human-induced processes threaten them. The broad expansions of few dominant species are usually reported as drivers of biodiversity loss. In this context, using Sentinel-2 (S2) images, we investigate the distribution of one of the most spreading species in the Central Apennine: Brachypodium genuense. We performed a binary Random Forest (RF) classification of B. genuense using RS images and field-sampled presence/absence data. Then, we integrate the occurrences obtained from RS classification into species distribution models to identify the topographic drivers of B. genuense distribution in the study area. Lastly, the impact of B. genuense distribution in the Natura 2000 (N2k) habitats (Annex I of the European Habitat Directive) was assessed by overlay analysis. The RF classification process detected cover of B. genuense with an overall accuracy of 94.79%. The topographic species distribution model shows that the most relevant topographic variables that influence the distribution of B. genuense are slope, elevation, solar radiation, and topographic wet index (TWI) in order of importance. The overlay analysis shows that 74.04% of the B. genuense identified in the study area falls on the semi-natural dry grasslands. The study highlights the RS classification and the topographic species distribution model’s importance as an integrated workflow for mapping a broad-expansion species such as B. genuense. The coupled techniques presented in this work should apply to other plant communities with remotely recognizable characteristics for more effective management of N2k habitats.

scholarly journals Quantitative Variations of ulva intestinalis Biochemical Composition Variation in the Conditions of Salty and Saltish Small Rivers of the Southern Russia

2011 ◽  
pp. 46-57
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Composition Variation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ulva Intestinalis ◽  
Southern Russia

Lipids and fatty acids content and composition variability of the samples of Ulva intestinalis algae collected from the Caspian Plain arid zone small rivers characterized by a wide range of abiotic factors (level of mineralization, temperature regime, saturation with oxygen, acidity of environment) variability have been studied. The role of lipids composition variability as a basis for the species ecological plasticity is being checked as a main hypothesis.

scholarly journals In or Out of the Checklist? DNA Barcoding and Distribution Modelling Unveil a New Species of Crocidura Shrew for Italy

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Emiliano Mori ◽  
Mattia Brambilla ◽  
Fausto Ramazzotti ◽  
Leonardo Ancillotto ◽  
Giuseppe Mazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Competitive Exclusion ◽  
Species Distribution Modelling ◽  
Skull Morphology ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Distribution Modelling ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Species Ecology

The genus Crocidura (Eulipotyphla, Soricidae) is the most speciose genus amongst mammals, i.e., it includes the highest number of species. Different species are distinguished by skull morphology, which often prevents the identification of individuals in the field and limits research on these species’ ecology and biology. We combined species distribution models and molecular analyses to assess the distribution of cryptic Crocidura shrews in Italy, confirming the occurrence of the greater white-toothed shrew Crocidura russula in the northwest of the country. The molecular identification ascertained the species’ presence in two distinct Italian regions. Accordingly, species distribution modelling highlighted the occurrence of areas suitable for C. russula in the westernmost part of northern Italy. Our results confirm the role of Italy as a mammal hotspot in the Mediterranean; additionally, they also show the need to include C. russula in Italian faunal checklists. To conclude, we highlight the usefulness of combining different approaches to explore the presence of cryptic species outside their known ranges. Since the similar, smaller C. suaveolens may be displaced by the larger C. russula through competitive exclusion, the latter might be the species actually present where C. suaveolens had been reported previously. A comprehensive and detailed survey is therefore required to assess the current distribution of these species.

scholarly journals Exploring the Interplay Between Local and Regional Drivers of Distribution of a Subterranean Organism

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Mammola ◽  
Shlomi Aharon ◽  
Merav Seifan ◽  
Yael Lubin ◽  
Efrat Gavish-Regev
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Distribution Models

Caves are excellent model systems to study the effects of abiotic factors on species distributions due to their selective conditions. Different ecological factors have been shown to affect species distribution depending on the scale of analysis, whether regional or local. The interplay between local and regional factors in explaining the spatial distribution of cave-dwelling organisms is poorly understood. Using the troglophilic subterranean spider Artema nephilit (Araneae: Pholcidae) as a model organism, we investigated whether similar environmental predictors drive the species distribution at these two spatial scales. At the local scale, we monitored the abundance of the spiders and measured relevant environmental features in 33 caves along the Jordan Rift Valley. We then extended the analysis to a regional scale, investigating the drivers of the distribution using species distribution models. We found that similar ecological factors determined the distribution at both local and regional scales for A. nephilit. At a local scale, the species was found to preferentially occupy the outermost, illuminated, and warmer sectors of caves. Similarly, mean annual temperature, annual temperature range, and solar radiation were the most important drivers of its regional distribution. By investigating these two spatial scales simultaneously, we showed that it was possible to achieve an in-depth understanding of the environmental conditions that governs subterranean species distribution.

scholarly journals Modelling Beach Litter Accumulation on Mediterranean Coastal Landscapes: An Integrative Framework Using Species Distribution Models

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Mirko Di Febbraro ◽  
Ludovico Frate ◽  
Maria Carla de Francesco ◽  
Angela Stanisci ◽  
Francesco Pio Tozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Species Distribution Models ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Litter Accumulation ◽  
Material Type ◽  
Beach Litter

Beach litter accumulation patterns are influenced by biotic and abiotic factors, as well as by the distribution of anthropogenic sources. Although the importance of comprehensive approaches to deal with anthropogenic litter pollution is acknowledged, integrated studies including geomorphologic, biotic, and anthropic factors in relation to beach debris accumulation are still needed. In this perspective, Species Distribution Models (SDMs) might represent an appropriate tool to predict litter accumulation probability in relation to environmental conditions. In this context, we explored the applicability of a SDM–type modelling approach (a Litter Distribution Model; LDM) to map litter accumulation in coastal sand dunes. Starting from 180 litter sampling plots combined with fine–resolution variables, we calibrated LDMs from litter items classified either by their material type or origin. We also mapped litter accumulation hotspots. LDMs achieved fair-to-good predictive performance, with LDMs for litter classified by material type performing significantly better than models for litter classified by origin. Accumulation hotspots were mostly localized along the beach, by beach accesses, and at river mouths. In light of the promising results achieved by LDMs in this study, we conclude that this tool can be successfully applied within a coastal litter management context.

Accommodating the role of site memory in dynamic species distribution models

Ecology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziella V. DiRenzo ◽  
David A.W. Miller ◽  
Blake R. Hossack ◽  
Brent H. Sigafus ◽  
Paige E. Howell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Species Distribution Models ◽  
Distribution Models
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document