scholarly journals The Impact of 3D Printing Process Parameters on the Dielectric Properties of High Permittivity Composites

Designs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios Goulas ◽  
Shiyu Zhang ◽  
Darren A. Cadman ◽  
Jan Järveläinen ◽  
Ville Mylläri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Relative Permittivity ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
Additive Manufacturing Technology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Printing Speed ◽  
Hatch Spacing

Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is a well-known and greatly accessible additive manufacturing technology, that has found great use in the prototyping and manufacture of radiofrequency componentry, by using a range of composite thermoplastic materials that possess superior properties, when compared to standard materials for 3D printing. However, due to their nature and synthesis, they are often a great challenge to print successfully which in turn affects their microwave properties. Hence, determining the optimum printing strategy and settings is important to advance this area. The manufacturing study presented in this paper shows the impact of the main process parameters: printing speed, hatch spacing, layer height and material infill, during 3D printing on the relative permittivity (εr), and loss tangent (tanδ) of the resultant additively manufactured test samples. A combination of process parameters arising from this study, allowed successful 3D printing of test samples, that marked a relative permittivity of 9.06 ± 0.09 and dielectric loss of 0.032 ± 0.003.

scholarly journals Fatigue Performance of ABS Specimens Obtained by Fused Filament Fabrication

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miquel Domingo-Espin ◽  
J. Antonio Travieso-Rodriguez ◽  
Ramon Jerez-Mesa ◽  
Jordi Lluma-Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Experimental Phase ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
Bending Stresses ◽  
Best Parameter ◽  
End Use ◽  
Design And Manufacture ◽  
Printing Speed ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

In this paper, the fatigue response of fused filament fabrication (FFF) Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) parts is studied. Different building parameters (layer height, nozzle diameter, infill density, and printing speed) were chosen to study their influence on the lifespan of cylindrical specimens according to a design of experiments (DOE) using the Taguchi methodology. The same DOE was applied on two different specimen sets using two different infill patterns—rectilinear and honeycomb. The results show that the infill density is the most important parameter for both of the studied patterns. The specimens manufactured with the honeycomb pattern show longer lifespans. The best parameter set associated to that infill was chosen for a second experimental phase, in which the specimens were tested under different maximum bending stresses so as to construct the Wöhler curve associated with this 3D printing configuration. The results of this study are useful to design and manufacture ABS end-use parts that are expected to work under oscillating periodic loads.

Research on Warpage of Polystyrene in Selective Laser Sintering

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 578-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.Y. Wang ◽  
Q. Dong ◽  
X.X. Shen
Keyword(s):  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Influence Of Process Parameters ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Hatch Spacing

Warpage is a crucial factor to accuracy of sintering part in selective laser sintering (SLS) process. In this paper, The influence of process parameters on warpage when sintering polystyrene(PS) materials in SLS are investigated. The laser power, scanning speed, hatch spacing, layer thickness as well as temperature of powder are considered as the main process parameters. The results showed that warpage increases with the increase of hatch space. Contary to it, warpage decreases with the increase of laser power. Warpage decreases with the increase of layer thickness between 0.16~0.18mm and changes little with increase of the thickness. Warpage increases along with the increase of scanning speed but decreases when the speed is over about 2000mm/s. When the temperature changes between 82°C-86°C, warpage decreases little with the increase of temperature. But further increase of temperature leads to warpage decreasing sharply when the temperature changes between 86°C-90°C.

The Mechanisms of Material Removal in the Fluidized Bed Machining of Polyvinyl Chloride Substrates

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Barletta ◽  
V. Tagliaferri ◽  
F. Trovalusci ◽  
F. Veniali ◽  
A. Gisario
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Machining Time ◽  
Polymeric Substrates ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, the mechanisms of material removal during the fluidized bed machining (FBM) of polymeric substrates are analyzed. Cylindrical components composed of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were exposed to the impact of abrasives while rotating at high speed within a fluidization column. The interaction between the Al2O3 abrasive media and the PVC surfaces was studied to identify the effect of the main process parameters, such as the machining time, the abrasive mesh size, and the rotational speed. The change in the surface morphology as a function of the process parameters was evaluated using field emission gun—scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM) and contact gauge profilometry. An improvement in the finishing of the processed surfaces was achieved, and the related mechanisms were identified. The roles of the impact speed and the contact conditions between the abrading particles and the substrate were also investigated.

scholarly journals The impact of process parameters on mechanical properties of parts fabricated in PLA with an open-source 3-D printer

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 604-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Lanzotti ◽  
Marzio Grasso ◽  
Gabriele Staiano ◽  
Massimo Martorelli
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – This study aims to quantify the ultimate tensile strength and the nominal strain at break (ɛf) of printed parts made from polylactic acid (PLA) with a Replicating Rapid prototyper (Rep-Rap) 3D printer, by varying three important process parameters: layer thickness, infill orientation and the number of shell perimeters. Little information is currently available about mechanical properties of parts printed using open-source, low-cost 3D printers. Design/methodology/approach – A computer-aided design model of a tensile test specimen was created, conforming to the ASTM:D638. Experiments were designed, based on a central composite design. A set of 60 specimens, obtained from combinations of selected parameters, was printed on a Rep-Rap Prusa I3 in PLA. Testing was performed using a JJ Instruments – T5002-type tensile testing machine and the load was measured using a load cell of 1,100 N. Findings – This study investigated the main impact of each process parameter on mechanical properties and the effects of interactions. The use of a response surface methodology allowed the proposition of an empirical model which connects process parameters and mechanical properties. Even though results showed a high variability, additional ideas on how to understand the impact of process parameters are suggested in this paper. Originality/value – On the basis of experimental results, it is possible to obtain practical suggestions to set common process parameters in relation to mechanical properties. Experiments discussed in the present paper provide a variety of data and insight regarding the relationship among the main process parameters and the stiffness and strength of fused deposition modeling-printed parts made from PLA. In particular, this paper underlines the shortage in existing literature concerning the impact of process parameters on the elastic modulus and the strain to failure for the PLA. The experimental data produced show a good degree of compliance with analytical formulations and other data found in literature.

Effects of process parameters on compressive property of FDM with ABS

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supphachai Nathaphan ◽  
Worrasid Trutassanawin
Keyword(s):  
Yield Stress ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
Compressive Yield Stress ◽  
Bed Temperature ◽  
Nozzle Temperature ◽  
Printing Speed

Purpose This work aims to investigate the interaction effects of printing process parameters of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) parts fabricated by fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology on both the dimensional accuracy and the compressive yield stress. Another purpose is to determine the optimum process parameters to achieve the maximum compressive yield stress and dimensional accuracy at the same time. Design/methodology/approach The standard cylindrical specimens which produced from ABS by using an FDM 3D printer were measured dimensions and tested compressive yield stresses. The effects of six process parameters on the dimensional accuracy and compressive yield stress were investigated by separating the printing orientations into horizontal and vertical orientations before controlling five factors: nozzle temperature, bed temperature, number of shells, layer height and printing speed. After that, the optimum process parameters were determined to accomplish the maximum compressive yield stress and dimensional accuracy simultaneously. Findings The maximum compressive properties were achieved when layer height, printing speed and number of shells were maintained at the lowest possible values. The bed temperature should be maintained 109°C and 120°C above the glass transition temperature for horizontal and vertical orientations, respectively. Practical implications The optimum process parameters should result in better FDM parts with the higher dimensional accuracy and compressive yield stress, as well as minimal post-processing and finishing techniques. Originality/value The important process parameters were prioritized as follows: printing orientation, layer height, printing speed, nozzle temperature and bed temperature. However, the number of shells was insignificant to the compressive property and dimensional accuracy. Nozzle temperature, bed temperature and number of shells were three significant process parameters effects on the dimensional accuracy, while layer height, printing speed and nozzle temperature were three important process parameters influencing compressive yield stress. The specimen fabricated in horizontal orientation supported higher compressive yield stress with wide processing ranges of nozzle and bed temperatures comparing to the vertical orientation with limited ranges.

Determination of Optimum Process Parameter Values in Additive Manufacturing for Impact Resistance

2019 ◽  
pp. 221-234
Author(s):  
Fasih Munir Malik ◽  
Syed Faiz Ali ◽  
Burak Bal ◽  
Emin Faruk Kececi
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Optimum Process Parameter ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Pattern Layer ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
The Impact

3D printing as a manufacturing method is gaining more popularity since 3D printing machines are becoming easily accessible. Especially in a prototyping process of a machine, they can be used, and complex parts with high quality surface finish can be manufactured in a timely manner. However, there is a need to study the effects of different manufacturing parameters on the materials properties of the finished parts. Specifically, this chapter explains the effects of six different process parameters on the impact resistance. In particular, print temperature, print speed, infill ratio, infill pattern, layer height, and print orientation parameters were studied, and their effects on impact resistance were measured experimentally. Moreover, the optimum values of the process parameters for impact resistance were found. This chapter provides an important guideline for 3D manufacturing in terms of impact resistance of the printed parts. Furthermore, by using this methodology the effects of different 3D printing process parameters on the other material, properties can be determined.

On the Geometric Accuracy of RepRap Open-Source Three-Dimensional Printer

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Lanzotti ◽  
Domenico Maria Del Giudice ◽  
Antonio Lepore ◽  
Gabriele Staiano ◽  
Massimo Martorelli
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Geometric Feature ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Geometric Features ◽  
The Impact

In the field of additive manufacturing (AM) processes, there is a significant lack of scientific data on the performance of open-source 3D printers in relation to process parameter values. The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of the main process parameters on the accuracy of a set of typical geometric features, as obtained with an open-source 3D printer, the RepRap Prusa-Mendel I2. For this purpose, a benchmarking part was set up, composed of elementary shapes, representing a series of different geometric features. By means of a DoE approach, it was possible to assess the effects of two process parameters—layer thickness (Lt) and flow rate (Fr)—on five geometric features: cube, sphere, cylinder, cone, and angled surface. A high resolution Laser Scanner was used to evaluate the variation between the acquired geometric feature and the corresponding 3D computer-aided design (CAD) nominal model. On the basis of experimental results, it was possible to analyze and discuss the main effects of the above-mentioned process parameters on each geometric feature. These results can help RepRap users in the correct selection of process parameters with the aim of improving the quality of prototypes.

Impact of Process Parameters on the Auto Claw-Pole Thixoforming Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 295-297 ◽  
pp. 1625-1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Luu Dao ◽  
Sheng Dun Zhao ◽  
Wen Jie Lin ◽  
Xiao Mei Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Hot Forging ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Billet Temperature ◽  
Forming Technology ◽  
Punch Speed ◽  
Initial Billet ◽  
Die Temperature ◽  
The Impact

Thixoforming of steel is a potential forming technology, which can realize near-net-shape forming process with good quality in one forming step. In this paper, thixoforming process was used to replace the conventional hot forging process to form the auto claw-pole. The finite element code Forge2008Ó was used to simulate the auto claw-pole thixoforming process. The impact of three main process parameters such as initial billet temperature, punch speed and die temperature on the forming process were investigated. The reasonable process parameters for the auto claw-pole thixoforming were obtained: initial billet temperature 1430~1440°C, punch speed 100~200mm/s and die temperature 300~400°C.

scholarly journals Investigation of layer height influencing the impact strength of polylactic acid (PLA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
József Richárd Lennert ◽  
József Sárosi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Property ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Influential Parameters ◽  
Printing Time

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of layer height used during 3D printing on the impact strength, their standard deviations, and the printing time by using UNI EN ISO 180 unnotched specimens manufactured by FDM 3D printing technology. Every specimen is made of PLA, which is the most basic material of the FDM printing technology by using the same 3D printer. In this study it plays a key role to find out whether the layer height can be used to optimize the researched mechanical property within an economical framework or not. What is more, the possibly observable tendencies and crucial influential parameters will be analysed as well.

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