scholarly journals Quinoa’s Potential to Enhance Dietary Management of Obesity and Type-2 Diabetes: A Review of the Current Evidence

Diabetology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-94
Author(s):  
Alexander Little ◽  
Kevin Murphy ◽  
Patrick Solverson
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lipid Absorption ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dietary Management ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes

The prevalence of diet-induced obesity and type-2 diabetes remains a growing concern in the United States. As best management practices still include improved diet and physical activity, bioactive food components, contained within functional foods, show promise in curbing the cardiometabolic complications associated with excess weight and diabetes. Quinoa is an emerging candidate crop for its versatility in wide-ranging growing conditions as one approach to address food security, but it also contains several components that may serve as a dietary tool for post-industrial countries struggling with the health complications of caloric excess. Preliminary rodent feeding studies demonstrate that components within quinoa, namely, phytosteroids, phenolics, polysaccharides, and peptides, can prevent adiposity, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia. Mechanistic activity may involve reduced lipid absorption and adipogenesis, increased energy expenditure and glucose oxidation and corrected gut microbiota. Other intestinal actions may include blocked carbohydrate digestion with enhanced incretin signaling. Evidence in clinical trials is lacking and future research spanning cells to the clinic is needed to further elucidate the interesting preliminary reports reviewed here. Quinoa offers several unique attributes that could be harnessed to improve the dietary management of obesity and diabetes.

scholarly journals Emirates Diabetes Society Consensus Guidelines for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatheya Alawadi ◽  
Salah Abusnana ◽  
Bachar Afandi ◽  
Khaled M. Aldahmani ◽  
Omniyat Alhajeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Local Population ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Consensus Guidelines ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes

Rapid urbanisation and socioeconomic development in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) have led to the widespread adoption of a sedentary lifestyle and Westernised diet in the local population and consequently a high prevalence of obesity and diabetes. In 2019, International Diabetes Federation statistics reported a diabetes prevalence rate of 16.3% for the adult population in the UAE. In view of the wealth of recent literature on diabetes care and new pharmacotherapeutics, the Emirates Diabetes Society convened a panel of experts to update existing local guidelines with international management recommendations. The goal is to improve the standard of care for people with diabetes through increased awareness of these management practices among healthcare providers licensed by national health authorities. These consensus guidelines address the screening, diagnosis and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults including individuals at risk of developing the disease.

scholarly journals Biomarkers and functional foods for obesity and diabetes

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (S2) ◽  
pp. S213-S218 ◽  
Author(s):  
James O. Hill ◽  
John C. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Increased Risk

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in many countries around the world. Because of the close relationship between obesity and type 2 diabetes, an epidemic of diabetes is close behind the obesity epidemic. Preventing and treating obesity is becoming an increasing priority. In the United States, over 60% of the adult population is overweight or obese and thus at increased risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. While the aetiology of obesity and diabetes is complex, diet clearly plays an important role both in the development and management of these diseases. There is interest in functional foods that could help in prevention and/or management of obesity and type 2 diabetes. This could involve food products that help management of ‘hunger’ or that increase ‘satiety’. It could also involve foods that contribute to more inefficient use of ingested energy (i.e. foods that stimulate energy expenditure more than would be expected from their energy content). As the concept of insulin sensitivity becomes generally more accepted by health care professionals and the public, foods may be targeted towards maximizing insulin sensitivity and towards ‘prevention’ of diabetes. In addition to foods that impact upon body weight, these may include foods that affect the glucose and/or insulin levels that are seen either following the ingestion of food or later in the day. The present paper reviews the complex aetiology of obesity and diabetes and considers a potential role for functional foods in prevention and treatment of obesity and diabetes.

scholarly journals Genetic Variance inUncoupling Protein 2in Relation to Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Related Metabolic Traits: Focus on the Functional −866G>A Promoter Variant (rs659366)

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise T. Dalgaard
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Inner Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Atp Generation ◽  
Glucose Stimulated Insulin Secretion

Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are mitochondrial proteins able to dissipate the proton gradient of the inner mitochondrial membrane when activated. This decreases ATP-generation through oxidation of fuels and may theoretically decrease energy expenditure leading to obesity. Evidence fromUcp(−/−)mice revealed a role of UCP2 in the pancreaticβ-cell, becauseβ-cells without UCP2 had increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Thus, from being a candidate gene for obesity UCP2 became a valid candidate gene for type 2 diabetes mellitus. This prompted a series of studies of the human UCP2 and UCP3 genes with respect to obesity and diabetes. Of special interest was a promoter variant of UCP2 situated 866bp upstream of transcription initiation (−866G>A, rs659366). This variant changes promoter activity and has been associated with obesity and/or type 2 diabetes in several, although not all, studies. The aim of the current paper is to summarize current evidence of association of UCP2 genetic variation with obesity and type 2 diabetes, with focus on the −866G>A polymorphism.

Biopsychosocial Pathways to Prediabetes and Diabetes

2018 ◽  
pp. 250-262
Author(s):  
Vera K. Tsenkova ◽  
Deborah Carr ◽  
Christopher L. Coe ◽  
Arun S. Karlamangla ◽  
Carol D. Ryff
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Weight Discrimination ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Psychosocial Processes

Type 2 diabetes is a significant problem worldwide, accounting for substantial morbidity and premature mortality. Understanding why some people remain healthy while others progress to insulin resistance and diabetes requires an integrative approach. Models of diabetes have focused on excess weight and physical inactivity as key targets for reducing diabetes risk. Obesity is a risk factor for developing Type 2 diabetes, yet most obese persons do not develop diabetes, suggesting moderation by other influences. This chapter highlights Midlife in the United States studies that employed multidomain assessments of the interplay between established risk factors and psychosocial influences on diabetes. The chapter reviews evidence that depression, anger, perceived weight discrimination, and neuroticism exacerbate the association between obesity and diabetes. The conclusion that psychosocial processes are major risk factors underscores the need for assessing mental health and promoting psychological well-being to complement traditional prevention efforts.

WATER CONSERVATION: OBSERVATIONS FROM A HIGHER EDUCATION FACILITY MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Cupido ◽  
Laura Steinberg ◽  
Brian Baetz
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Green Building ◽  
The United States ◽  
Facility Management ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Conservation Practices

Sustainable or green building practices have been adopted by most higher education institutions for their new campus buildings, major renovations and daily operations. This paper provides a synthesis of opinions and existing practices related to water conservation in institutional green buildings of member institutions of APPA (formerly the Association of Physical Plant Administrators). A specific focus regarding waterless urinals and their operation was attempted. A web-based survey and follow-up one-to-one interviews were utilized to extract information and data from these industry professionals. The survey evaluated the institution's use of policy related to sustainable building practices and focused on their approaches to water conservation. Regional preferences are provided and barriers to some water conservation practices and approaches have been identified. Operational challenges are evident, particularly as they relate to waterless urinals. It is clear that higher education institutions are engaging in water conservation practices across Canada and the United States. This work contributes to a foundation for future research and analysis related to best-management practices for water conservation in the higher education sector.

Abstract # P-18: Economic Burden of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease in Commercially-Insured Patients in the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 21-22
Author(s):  
Weijia Wang ◽  
Eileen M. Farrelly ◽  
Sharash Shetty ◽  
Dana Stafkey-Mailey ◽  
Stephen D. Sander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
United States ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
The United States ◽  
Insured Patients

Frequency of Diabetes-Related Complications in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes—Results from the International Diabetes Management Practices Study (IDMPS)

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1584-P
Author(s):  
JUAN J. GAGLIARDINO ◽  
PABLO ASCHNER ◽  
HASAN M. ILKOVA ◽  
FERNANDO J. LAVALLE-GONZALEZ ◽  
AMBADY RAMACHANDRAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Diabetes Management

1496-P: Clinical Inertia in Relation to Sociodemographic Factors among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) in the United States

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1496-P
Author(s):  
GAIL FERNANDES ◽  
BAANIE SAWHNEY ◽  
HAKIMA HANNACHI ◽  
TONGTONG WANG ◽  
ANN MARIE MCNEILL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Clinical Inertia

2209-PUB: Factors Associated with Switching from Sulfonylureas (SUs) to Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors (DPP-4i) among Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes in the United States

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 2209-PUB
Author(s):  
XI TAN ◽  
LINGFENG YANG ◽  
KAMLESH KHUNTI ◽  
RUYA ZHANG ◽  
DIANA ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

The Role of Physical Exercise in Obesity and Diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Treatment Guideline ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Regular Physical Exercise

The prevalence of obesity is increasing world-wide. Obesity is associated with a plethora of metabolic and clinical constraints, which result in a higher risk for the development of cardiovascular complications and metabolic disease, particularly insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Obesity is an acknowledged determinant of glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes and accounts for the majority of premature death due to cardiovascular events. Physical exercise is generally recommended in patients with diabetes in order to prevent the development of or reduce existing obesity, as adopted by every international treatment guideline so far. Regular physical exercise has a beneficial impact on body composition, cardiovascular integrity, insulin sensitivity and quality of life. However, only a minority of patients participates in regular physical exercise, due to individual or ­disease-related barriers. In type 2 diabetes, there is robust evidence for beneficial effects of physical exercise on glycemic control, cardiovascular health and the development of diabetes-related long-term complications. In type 1 diabetes and patients treated with insulin, a higher risk for exercise-­related hypoglycemia has to be considered, which requires certain prerequisites and adequate adaptions of insulin ­dosing. Current treatment guidelines do only incompletely address the development of exercise-related hypoglycemia. However, every patient with diabetes should participate in regular physical exercise in order to support and enable ­sufficient treatment and optimal glycemic control.

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