scholarly journals The Economic Impact of Lockdowns: A Persistent Inoperability Input-Output Approach

Economies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Krista Danielle S. Yu ◽  
Kathleen B. Aviso ◽  
Joost R. Santos ◽  
Raymond R. Tan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Business Operations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced governments around the world to implement unprecedented lockdowns, mandating businesses to shut down for extended periods of time. Previous studies have modeled the impact of disruptions to the economy at static and dynamic settings. This study develops a model to fulfil the need to account for the sustained disruption resulting from the extended shutdown of business operations. Using a persistent inoperability input-output model (PIIM), we are able to show that (1) sectors that suffer higher levels of inoperability during quarantine period may recover faster depending on their resilience; (2) initially unaffected sectors can suffer inoperability levels higher than directly affected sectors over time; (3) the economic impact on other regions not under lockdown is also significant.

scholarly journals Economic impact of the world summit on sustainable development

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-503
Author(s):  
JH Martins ◽  
C Van Aardt
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Input Data ◽  
World Summit ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Private Investments ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

South Africa hosted the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) in 2002.  This event is regarded as the single biggest conference to be held anywhere in the world. The aim of this paper is to set out the estimated economic impact of the WSSD and its parallel events on South Africa.  This impact can be expressed in monetary terms as well as employment figures.  The impact is calculated by using an input-output model and employment spin-offs determined from the IO table by using partial multipliers.  The input data were derived from a survey amongst WSSD delegates as well as information on government and private investments made.  

scholarly journals The similarity of global value chains: A network-based measure

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHEN ZHU ◽  
GREG MORRISON ◽  
MICHELANGELO PULIGA ◽  
ALESSANDRO CHESSA ◽  
MASSIMO RICCABONI
Keyword(s):  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Input Output ◽  
The World ◽  
Average Similarity ◽  
Node Similarity ◽  
Node Attributes ◽  
Measure Of Similarity ◽  
Increasing Trends ◽  
Over Time

AbstractInternational trade has been increasingly organized in the form of global value chains (GVCs). In this paper, we provide a new method for comparing GVCs across countries and over time. First, we use the World Input–Output Database (WIOD) to construct both the upstream and the downstream global value networks. Second, we introduce a network-based measure of node similarity to compare the GVCs between any pair of countries for each sector and each year available in the WIOD. Our network-based similarity is a better measure for node comparison than the existing ones because it takes into account all the direct and indirect relationships between the country–sector pairs, is applicable to both directed and weighted networks with self-loops, and takes into account externally defined node attributes. As a result, our measure of similarity reveals the most intensive interactions among the GVCs across countries and over time. From 1995 to 2011, the average similarity between sectors and countries have clear increasing trends, which are temporarily interrupted by the recent economic crisis. This measure of the similarity of GVCs provides quantitative answers to important questions about dependency, sustainability, risk, and competition in the global production system.

The University of Groningen in the World

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaas Berkel ◽  
Guus Termeer
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of The University ◽  
International University ◽  
Religious Reasons ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

The University of Groningen has been an international university since its foundation in 1614. The first professors formed a rich international community, and many students came from outside the Netherlands, especially from areas now belonging to Germany. Internationalization, a popular slogan nowadays, is therefore nothing new, but its meaning has changed over time. How did the University of Groningen grow from a provincial institution established for religious reasons into a top-100 university with 36,000 students, of whom 25% come from abroad and almost half of the academic staff is of foreign descent? What is the identity of this four-century-old university that is still strongly anchored in the northern part of the Netherlands but that also has a mind that is open to the world? The history of the university, as told by Klaas van Berkel and Guus Termeer, ends with a short paragraph on the impact of the corona crisis.

Teams of Leaders Concept (ToL) and E-Business Operations

2010 ◽  
pp. 488-503
Author(s):  
Dag von Lubitz
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Scientific Revolution ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Business Operations ◽  
The World ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Information And Knowledge Management

Information Technology (IT), and the subsequent broad acceptance of Information and Knowledge Management (IM/KM) methods revolutionized the way business is thought of and practiced. With e-business facilitating the ability to do more, more, faster, at a wider range, and to influence ever larger and more diverse consumer groups, the impact of technology on commerce, finance, and global economy has been frequently compared to the “paradigm shift” that Kuhn (1970) proposed as the essence of scientific revolution. Yet, despite the transformational influence of modernity on the ancient art, the fundamental principles of business have not changed: overreliance on the facilitation of business operations as the substitution for the adherence to the soundness of their conduct fuelled rampant growth of corporate laisse faire, and already twice brought the world to the brink of economic disaster (Stiglitz, 2003; Steingart, 2008).

The impact of national culture on the adoption of environmental management standards

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 546-566
Author(s):  
Raquel Orcos ◽  
Sergio Palomas
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Iso 14001 ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Performance Orientation ◽  
Management Standards ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how national cultures contribute to explain the uneven diffusion of ISO 14001 across countries. The paper focuses on two of the cultural dimensions developed by the global leadership and organizational behavior effectiveness (GLOBE) project, namely, performance orientation and institutional collectivism. Design/methodology/approach A database containing information about the diffusion of ISO 14001 in 52 countries during the period 1999–2016 was built to carry out this research. The countries considered in this study represent about 90 percent of worldwide ISO 14001 certifications. The information was gathered from publicly available data sources: the ISO Survey, published every year by the International Organization for Standardization, the world development indicators of the World Bank, the cultural dimensions of the GLOBE project and the Index of Economic Freedom provided by The Heritage Foundation. Findings This research finds that both performance orientation and institutional collectivism influence the diffusion of ISO 14001. Whereas performance orientation slows down the diffusion of ISO 14001, institutional collectivism speeds it up. Additionally, this research shows that the slowing effect of performance orientation decreases in strength over time, while the accelerating effect of institutional collectivism becomes stronger. Originality/value The study adds to the understanding of the influence of national culture on the diffusion of environmental management standards, with an emphasis on ISO 14001. A key contribution of this research is that it explores how the influence of cultural dimensions change over time as a result of the development and maturation of ISO 14001.

scholarly journals Impact of agricultural supports on competitiveness of agricultural products

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 286-295
Author(s):  
Hasan Arisoy
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Vector Autoregression ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Var Model ◽  
Political Variable ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

The agricultural sector is being supported in Turkey, as well as in the world. The issue of competitiveness is observed in agriculture, despite supports. This study aims at investigating the impact of agricultural supports in Turkey on competitiveness of agricultural products. Vector autoregression (VAR) model has been adopted in the study. The internal terms of trade (TOT), percentage producer support estimate (PSE), and the producer nominal protection coefficient (NPC) variables have been included in the model. The internal terms of trade in Turkey have developed over time against the benefit of agricultural sector. PSE has had a significant impact on TOT. Therefore, the use of PSE as a political variable has been concluded as a significant. Means of support must be discussed in Turkey more than the amount of supports. In particular, supports that will provide farmers with competitive advantage and boost up product farmyard prices will be more efficient and beneficial for farmers.

An Economic Analysis of Photovoltaic Industry

2010 ◽  
Vol 121-122 ◽  
pp. 756-759
Author(s):  
Tao Ye
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Analysis ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Input Output Analysis ◽  
The World

The development of photovoltaic industry can produce great socio-economic implications in terms of induced production and job creation. The world photovoltaic market has been growing and will be strongly influenced by photovoltaic costs and available technologies.. The overall cost to implement a facility for module production having a capacity per year that may be regarded as the minimum profitable size for module production in China is considered. An input–output analysis is used for assessing the relative economic impact on production and employment. A sensitivity analysis shows that the results are reasonably robust.

scholarly journals Exploring the 175-year history of spirometry and the vital lessons it can teach us today

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (162) ◽  
pp. 210081
Author(s):  
Andrew Kouri ◽  
Ronald J. Dandurand ◽  
Omar S. Usmani ◽  
Chung-Wai Chow
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
The World ◽  
Flow Volume Curve ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

175 years have elapsed since John Hutchinson introduced the world to his version of an apparatus that had been in development for nearly two centuries, the spirometer. Though he was not the first to build a device that sought to measure breathing and quantify the impact of disease and occupation on lung function, Hutchison coined the terms spirometer and vital capacity that are still in use today, securing his place in medical history. As Hutchinson envisioned, spirometry would become crucial to our growing knowledge of respiratory pathophysiology, from Tiffeneau and Pinelli's work on forced expiratory volumes, to Fry and Hyatt's description of the flow–volume curve. In the 20th century, standardization of spirometry further broadened its reach and prognostic potential. Today, spirometry is recognized as essential to respiratory disease diagnosis, management and research. However, controversy exists in some of its applications, uptake in primary care remains sub-optimal and there are concerns related to the way in which race is factored into interpretation. Moving forward, these failings must be addressed, and innovations like Internet-enabled portable spirometers may present novel opportunities. We must also consider the physiologic and practical limitations inherent to spirometry and further investigate complementary technologies such as respiratory oscillometry and other emerging technologies that assess lung function. Through an exploration of the storied history of spirometry, we can better contextualize its current landscape and appreciate the trends that have repeatedly arisen over time. This may help to improve our current use of spirometry and may allow us to anticipate the obstacles confronting emerging pulmonary function technologies.

scholarly journals Pelatihan “Typing Master” Pada Siswa Smk BNM Plus Pariaman

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Welsi Haslina ◽  
Dita Maretha Rissi ◽  
Ermatati Hatta ◽  
Ulfi Maryati ◽  
Rasyidah Mustika
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
The World ◽  
Typing System ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Typing Skills ◽  
Industry Needs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Over Time

The development of information and communication runs rapidly in the current modern era. So many technological discoveries in the field. Of course the impact is now making it easier for all the needs and desires of humans and will continue to grow every second. Formerly humans used typewriters to make letters, office administration, and other jobs related to typing. Over time and the development of technology, typewriters gradually replaced by the presence of a computer. The use of computers can help work in terms of making tasks both from the office and from school. So typing skills quickly and precisely are needed. Vocational school is a level of formal education that is ready to go into the world of work. The PKM activity was carried out at SMK Plus BNM Pariaman because this school only taught theories about typing 10 fingers without providing special training. So by giving theory alone, students are not accustomed to typing 10 fingers in accordance with adequate procedures. The goal of this activity is to increase the knowledge and skills of students to implement a 10-finger typing system and without looking at the keyboard. With this skill, the school will create graduates that are in line with industry needs.

The Impact of Academic Stress on Students' Performance

2018 ◽  
pp. 128-153
Author(s):  
Corina Iurea ◽  
Cristina Georgiana Safta
Keyword(s):  
Independent Living ◽  
Academic Stress ◽  
Academic Education ◽  
Personal Opinion ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Assessment Of Stress ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

Studies conducted in recent years throughout the world have shown that people are growingly more exposed to stress, its level increasing dramatically over time. Thus, stress has been identified as one of the major scourges of our modern era. It seems that not only adults but also children are affected; pupils and students are also experiencing stressful life situations that can be harmful to their overall condition and health. The transition from pre-academic to academic education, the need to adapt to independent living, to gain insight into new social networks, to comply with high academic requirements constitute potential stressors that may affect the performance of students. Considering all these issues a comprehensive assessment of stress is required, from the perspective of the authors in the field, from analyzing the views of students in the research group and from formulating a personal opinion which can support the effort to reduce stress using coping strategies so that the academic environment to become a pleasant place for students.

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